A team of scientists from the University of Toronto identified a drastic invasion of round goby into many Great Lakes tributaries, including areas known as 'species-at-risk' hot spots. The impact on native fish and mussel species is likely to be serious, with up to 89% of fish species and 17% of mussel species affected.
The Center for Restorative and Regenerative Medicine at Brown University has secured a new $7-million funding round from the VA to continue its work on restoring arm and leg function to amputees. Researchers will focus on developing biohybrid limbs, improving prosthetics, and rehabilitating veterans with limb trauma.
A new healthcare delivery model called GRACE improves health and quality of life for low-income seniors, decreasing emergency department visits and hospital admissions. The program's personalized care approach reduces high-cost hospitalizations and saves money.
University of Illinois researchers found that thiazole antibiotics stabilize other cancer-causing proteins and inhibit the proteasome, a molecular complex degrading old proteins. This inhibition may lead to effective anti-cancer treatment through combination therapy with well-known proteasome inhibitors.
A phase II trial found that budesonide did not reduce the rate of diarrhea in patients with stage III or IV melanoma taking ipilimumab. The study showed a median overall survival of 17.7 months among those treated with budesonide, similar to those receiving placebo.
Regular postdiagnosis aspirin use may reduce the risk of dying from colorectal cancer, with a nearly 30% lower risk seen in patients taking aspirin at least twice a week. The benefit is strongest among patients with COX-2-positive tumors.
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health have found a link between antibodies to strep throat bacteria and the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder in mice. The study suggests that an inappropriate immune response to the bacteria may trigger psychiatric symptoms, providing new insights into identifyi...
A new study by Steve Carlton-Ford at the University of Cincinnati found that major armed conflicts have little consistent effect on child mortality rates, while social militarization significantly increases child mortality. The research also reveals that praetorian militaries have a detrimental impact on civilian populations.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discovered that Bacillus anthracis forms a symbiotic relationship with viruses to survive and thrive. The viruses alter the lifestyle of the bacteria, influencing its ability to produce spores and form communities.
Research finds sequential use of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous cryosurgery can treat more HCC patients, even those with larger tumors. This minimally invasive technique improves patient survival times and reduces surgical complications.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered that larger clusters of Amyloid β-protein are more toxic to nerve cells, but smaller clusters outnumber them and are more common. This finding provides a new target for therapeutic drug development.
A two-week course of erythropoietin injections has shown promising results in preventing brain damage in oxygen-deprived newborns. The treatment, which can be started up to two days after birth, improves the prognosis and reduces side effects compared to cooling.
Recent work at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory reveals two distinct structures in liquid water: tetrahedral and disordered regions. The researchers discovered that these structures exist in 'clumps' made up to 100 molecules, with the temperature affecting their distribution and density.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enhances visualization of hepatic arteries, portal veins, and bridging veins, as well as liver graft parenchyma perfusion. CEUS has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting vascular complications after liver transplantation.
A genetic mutation in the TACO1 gene has been identified as underlying late-onset Leigh syndrome, a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by central nervous system degeneration. The study provides insights into cell biology and will lead to diagnostic and predictive tests for family and genetic counseling.
A new study found that denosumab significantly increased bone density at all monitored sites and reduced new vertebral fractures by 62% in men receiving androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. The treatment also showed improvements in bone density at the radius, one of the bones in the forearm.
A study found that pre-transplant platelet transfusions may increase the likelihood of bone marrow transplant rejection, according to Emory University researchers. The team used a mouse model to simulate human conditions and found that platelets can trigger an immune response that leads to graft rejection.
A new computer system has been successfully tested at Heidelberg University Hospital to improve pain therapy for cancer patients. The system, AiDPainCare, was found to have little variance from international guidelines and reduced patient pain.
Researchers at UCLA Engineering will create customized computing technology for health care and medical imaging, promising more energy-efficient and cost-effective solutions. The project aims to transform the role of medical imaging and hemodynamic simulation, improving health care quality, efficiency, and patient outcomes.
A North Carolina high school teacher's algebra II textbook has scored a 96 on California's state textbook standards, meeting 26 of the 27 standards tested. The book was created by Kenny Felder and is one of the first open-source texts submitted for California's K-12 initiative.
Researchers have found that blocking a key enzyme, aldose reductase, can significantly reduce asthma symptoms. The discovery opens the way for human trials of a new treatment, which could provide a badly needed alternative to existing therapies.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have created a laser technique that can help identify a rare isotope called 182Hf, which would prove that a supernova once exploded near our solar system. The technique uses negative ions and laser light to detach an extra electron from some elements while leaving others intact.
Regular aspirin use after diagnosis was associated with reduced risks of colorectal cancer-specific death and overall mortality. Participants who regularly used aspirin had a 29% lower risk of colorectal-specific mortality compared to nonusers.
A recent study by Dr. Achim Schützwohl found that men are more likely to engage in casual sex than women, and that they have lower standards for attractiveness. In contrast, women place a greater emphasis on their partner's physical appearance, preferring to engage in casual sex with exceptionally attractive individuals.
A randomized controlled trial found that low-dose imipramine improved global symptoms and quality of life in patients with IBS who had failed conventional therapy. The study, published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology, is the largest ever conducted on the use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) in IBS patients.
Research reveals that dynamic semantic network of human language is small-world and scale-free but differs from syntactic network in hierarchical structure and node degree correlation. This discovery sheds light on the organization of human semantic knowledge and cognition.
A multi-laboratory study has updated ASTM guidelines for measuring nanoparticle size, incorporating statistically evaluated data from 26 laboratories. The results provide a valuable benchmark for labs measuring nanoparticles, which is crucial in biotech applications where nanoparticle size affects cell response.
The NIAID analysis of 14 global influenza epidemics reveals no consistent pattern of wave-like surges prior to major outbreaks. Instead, the authors note a great diversity of severity among past pandemics, making predicting the future course of H1N1 virus difficult.
A new study reveals that 95% of older drivers (ages 55+) have medical conditions and take medications, yet only 28% are aware of the potential impact on their driving ability. The researchers emphasize the need for increased education and awareness among health professionals and patients to address this critical issue.
The Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) is a new visual language for graphically representing biological information, aiming to make complex models accurate, efficient, and easy to understand. Developed by researchers worldwide, SBGN will benefit systems biologists working on various biochemical processes.
A new study reveals that strong memories, such as those of a first love or a traumatic event, are formed through the activation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) by norepinephrine in the brain. This process creates stronger connections between nerve cells, leading to long-lasting memories.
A new observational study found that being physically active and adhering to a Mediterranean-type diet are associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's. The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, followed 1880 elderly subjects over five and a half years.
A new experimental treatment, GIFT15, has been shown to completely reverse multiple sclerosis in mice by suppressing the immune response. The treatment, which combines two proteins, may also be effective against other autoimmune disorders like Crohn's disease and lupus.
The American Chemical Society will receive a $2 million gift from the Ciba Foundation to support programs assisting economically disadvantaged youth in chemistry. The grant will also establish endowments for travel grants, college scholarships, and attendance at ACS meetings.
A recent study found that excessive drinking can lead to reduced activity in the amygdala and hippocampus, two brain regions responsible for processing facial emotions. This can result in emotional difficulties, such as misperceiving facial cues, emotional flatness, and apathy, which can negatively impact interpersonal relationships.
A new experimental atomic clock using ytterbium atoms has achieved accuracy comparable to the nation's civilian time standard, while ongoing comparisons with other clocks will help determine the most accurate option for future time and frequency standards. This development supports advancements in technologies such as high data rate te...
Researchers found that abstinent long-term alcoholics showed decreased and abnormal brain activity in the amygdala and hippocampus areas when looking at facial expressions. These findings support clinical reports of interpersonal difficulties in this population, suggesting brain abnormalities in emotional perception and memory.
The Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) provides a standardized visual language for representing biological information, making it easier to exchange complex information. The new standard will benefit systems biologists working on various biochemical processes, including gene regulation, metabolism, and cellular signaling.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a novel class of Janus particles that can be controlled in six degrees of freedom. This breakthrough allows for precise manipulation of the particles' positions and orientations, opening up possibilities for various applications, including electronic paper and self-propelling micromachines.
A recent study reveals that monolayer coverage and channel length set the mobility in self-assembled monolayer field-effect transistors, leading to the development of cost-effective chemical sensors. The research team's findings were published in Nature Nanotechnology and provide a widely applicable two-dimensional percolation model.
A spot urine test has been developed to monitor dietary sodium compliance in patients with liver disease and ascites. The study found adequate accuracy for the spot urine test, making it a valuable tool for identifying non-compliant patients.
Scientists at Stevens utilize NYHOPS and firsthand knowledge to provide accurate information on water conditions, aiding emergency responders in search and recovery efforts. The forecast model proves valuable in locating downed helicopter wreckage.
Researchers discovered that an atomic force microscope's behavior changes when used in water, enabling the study of biological molecules' mechanical properties. The findings reveal details about a bacterial membrane and a virus called Phi29, shedding light on their intrinsic variations in local stiffness.
The study found a significant decrease in delivery-related perinatal deaths in term infants, with a 38% reduction in overall mortality rates. The largest contributor was a decline in oxygen deprivation cases, which dropped by 48%.
A public survey in Europe found that most people overestimate the life-saving benefits of breast and prostate cancer screening. The study's findings highlight the need for accurate screening messages to include risks associated with overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Researchers found that taking dexamethasone prophylactically improves exercise capacity, oxygen uptake kinetics and decreases anaerobic threshold in HAPE-susceptible climbers. Dexamethasone reduces pulmonary artery pressure and has anti-inflammatory properties, but also carries significant side effects.
A recent study at UT Southwestern Medical Center suggests that taking insulin as the initial treatment for type 2 diabetes can be just as effective as other options, reducing low-blood-sugar events and weight gain. Insulin-based therapy has been shown to improve patient satisfaction and overall quality of life.
A recent study found that binge drinkers expend more attentional effort to complete tasks and have difficulties differentiating between relevant and irrelevant information. Young Spanish university students who engaged in binge drinking showed anomalies during a visual working memory task, requiring greater attentional processing.
A new study from Arizona suggests passive oxygen flow is more effective than assisted ventilation in treating patients experiencing cardiac arrest outside of a hospital setting. The modified protocol, called Cardiocerebral Resuscitation, resulted in higher survival rates compared to conventional bag-valve-mask ventilation.
Researchers from Turkey performed a non-radiation ERCP procedure on six pregnant patients with choledocholithiasis and one patient with biliary fistula, showing no complications. Laboratory and ultrasonographic follow-up confirmed successful treatment and stone extraction without radiation exposure.
A six-year study led by Panthera demonstrates that conservation strategies can significantly increase leopard populations and reduce human-cat conflict. The study, published in Biological Conservation, found that implementing regulations to disperse hunting pressure across a province helped stabilize the population, leading to increase...
Women with a family history of breast cancer who breastfed had a 59% lower risk of developing the disease. The study suggests breastfeeding can lower cancer risk without medication.
New research by USGS scientists finds that ingesting beach sand can lead to gastrointestinal illness, with children more susceptible. Hand washing or sanitizing significantly reduces the risk of infection.
Oral sodium clodronate reduces death by 23% and increases overall survival to 30% at 5 years for patients with advanced prostate cancer. However, in men with localized disease, clodronate shows no improvement in overall survival.
Scientists have demonstrated a direct link between the death of old neurons and their replacement by newly born ones in a living vertebrate. The study found that introducing a chemical inhibitor to slow apoptosis resulted in fewer new neurons being formed, providing insights into age-related diseases.
Researchers successfully delivered functional genes to patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, triggering the production of a protective protein. The study shows promise for gene therapy as a potential treatment option for this genetic disorder.
Boston College's College Bound program, a pre-collegiate initiative, has received a $1.5 million NSF grant to enhance its urban ecology offerings. Students will use computer modeling software to investigate pressing ecological problems and develop skills for STEM success.
Women with a family history of breast cancer who have ever breastfed may have a reduced risk of developing the disease before menopause. Additionally, breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer among women without a family history and those using lactation suppression.
Researchers identify essential virulence genes in Phytopthora infestans that can be targeted for host resistance. This discovery paves the way for novel strategies to control crop losses and improve global food security.
A study found that women with epilepsy who experience seizures during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to pre-term and small babies than those without epilepsy. The study analyzed data from over 1,000 women with epilepsy and found a significant association between seizure activity and adverse pregnancy outcomes.