The University of North Carolina has launched a new imaging center with advanced microscopes and equipment, providing researchers with cutting-edge technology and collaboration opportunities. The center is designed to stimulate scientific inquiry in fields such as cancer, neuroscience, and pharmacology.
A study on child survival in rural Bangladesh found that mother's death massively reduces child's chances of survival to age 10 years. The father's death has a negligible effect on child mortality rates, with the greatest impact seen in children aged 2-12 months whose mothers had died.
Research found that frequent moves in childhood are related to lower life satisfaction and fewer quality social relationships as adults. Introverts and neurotic people were more negatively affected by frequent relocations.
The study introduces Dynamic Memory Paravirtualization (DMP), which dynamically patches binary code in the guest operating system for better performance. DMP reduces virtualization overhead by replacing hot instructions, making it a significant contribution to system virtualization technology.
A new concept of optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) based on a chaotic light correlation method has been developed, achieving distance-independent resolutions of up to 25 km. This technique uses broadband chaotic light generated from a laser diode to improve the accuracy of fiber fault location.
New research from a University of Texas at Austin psychologist identifies biological motivations behind adolescent risk-taking behavior. The study found that teenagers' brains are overactive in the mesolimbic dopamine system, driving them to seek rewards and engage in risky behaviors.
The study reveals a small chemical makes Staphylococcus aureus stronger, more infectious and resistant to antibiotics. Shutting down this synthesis renders the bacteria non-functional and non-infectious.
Researchers from John Theurer Cancer Center present studies on first-line treatments for aggressive lymphoma, the efficacy of genetically engineered cancer therapy, and the value of a commonly used tool for staging lymphoma. Findings include a high complete remission rate with rituximab-FND combination therapy and better survival rates...
Researchers from University Hospitals Case Medical Center will present new clinical research findings on biomarker-driven treatment in stage II colon cancer and the utility of the Vulnerable Elders Survey for predicting sixth-month functional decline among older patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Additionally, a study found t...
A UNC study finds that most kidney dialysis patients are unprepared for emergencies like hurricanes, which could disrupt life-saving treatment. The survey of North Carolina patients highlights the need for better disaster preparedness education and awareness.
Scientists found a way to pharmacologically induce a memory of safety in the brain of rats by administering brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) into the prefrontal cortex. This procedure prevented rats from expressing fear to a tone that had been previously paired with a shock, suggesting new treatments for anxiety disorders.
Cyclone Phet has reached Category 4 strength on the Saffir-Simpson scale, bringing extremely dangerous seas and strong winds to Oman's east coast. The storm is expected to weaken due to dry air and friction over the coast before making landfall in Pakistan.
Researchers Wang and Chang have found Pliocene cyprinid fish fossils in the Kunlun Pass Basin, suggesting relatively extensive water systems in the area during the Pliocene. The study suggests a more humid climate and less amplitude of uplift compared to previous proposals.
A study by Indiana University found that inspiratory muscle training can reduce the oxygen required by breathing muscles during exercise, making more oxygen available for other muscles. This improvement in whole-body endurance performance was previously reported following IMT.
The study of single-particle resonant states in deformed relativistic potentials is essential for understanding exotic short-lived nuclei far from stability. The research team finds that the admixture of s1/2 component determines the occurrence of single-neutron resonant states as functions of the axial deformation parameter.
Patients with stage II colon cancer treated after 1995 had longer time to recurrence, but improved overall survival. Stage III colon cancer patients treated after 1995 also showed improved overall survival without change in time to recurrence compared to those treated before 1995.
The proposed community-centric approach addresses the challenge of accessing a large collection of services. By leveraging collective intelligence, users can build applications with less effort and cost, refining their goals according to combined knowledge. A web-based prototype evaluates the approach, providing visual access to servic...
ARS scientists Rich Novy and Jonathan Whitworth are working on a program to develop new potato lines that resist different biotypes of late blight. The goal is to help growers save on fungicides and other expenses associated with controlling the disease, which can render potatoes unmarketable.
The Wearable Absence project uses wearable devices to record the wearer's physical and emotional state, triggering the transfer of personalized memory back to the wearer. The system combines textile arts, emotional mapping, and responsive technologies to provide comfort and enhance human experience.
A new study published in Restoration Ecology reveals that coral transplantation is an effective and affordable solution for reef restoration. The research team transplanted elkhorn coral fragments onto a damaged reef in the British Virgin Islands, achieving significant growth and survival rates over four years.
Despite achieving parity by 2015 in only 18 countries, the MDG 3 target for eliminating gender disparity in primary and secondary education remains unmet. The Editorial emphasizes that political discussions around MDGs 4, 5, and 6 have excluded gender equity.
Scientists have identified a key pheromone, darcin, responsible for male mouse 'sex appeal.' This chemical stimulates females to remember individual males and prefer them over others. By understanding the role of darcin, researchers may develop new methods for pest control and gain insights into animal behavior.
Researchers observed that early blood flow begins all at once in zebrafish embryos, involving hundreds of cells. Red blood cells initially stick to the vessel wall before releasing themselves with a protease enzyme called ADAM8.
Pancreatic researchers have developed a method to distinguish between pre-cancerous and benign cysts using glycans. This could lead to fewer deaths from pancreatic cancer by detecting and removing pre-cancerous cysts. The study's findings offer new hope for early detection and treatment of the disease.
New research reveals the Yangtze River in China is 40 million years old, challenging previous estimates of its origins. The study, published in Geology, found that the river began cutting the Three Gorges area around 45 million years ago, resulting in a more gradual formation process.
A new study by Brigham Young University researchers indicates that an ancient aquifer under the Nevada Test Site is feeding an oasis near Ash Meadows, a site home to unique plant and animal species. The water's journey takes 15,000 years to reach its destination, with radioactive water potentially surfacing in the future.
Two studies by Indiana University researchers found little influence of compression garments on running mechanics and economy in highly trained distance runners. While some subjects experienced improvement in their oxygen consumption, it was largely attributed to a psychological component rather than the garment itself.
A six-man international crew will undergo a simulated 520-day Mars mission to assess the impact of prolonged isolation on mental health. The study aims to better understand how sleep loss, fatigue, and stress affect performance in long-duration space missions.
Researchers found that standing on carpet evokes a sense of physical comfort, leading to unconscious judgments about products viewed nearby. Conversely, hard tile flooring makes products appear less comfortable when close by.
A large study of Swedish men found a clear link between lower IQ scores and attempted suicide, with almost 18,000 hospital admissions recorded. The researchers suggest that low IQ may be linked to social disadvantage, poor health behaviors, and reduced resilience to stress, although the exact mechanisms are unclear.
Bioengineers at the Wyss Institute have developed a new technology to regenerate heart and other tissues by replicating natural design principles. The resulting protein nanofabrics can be customized to generate specific properties, making them ideal for tissue engineering scaffolds and high-performance textiles.
A study published in the Journal of Consumer Affairs found that only 27% of young adults (23-28 years old) can answer basic questions about interest rates, inflation, and risk diversification. This lack of financial literacy is influenced by parental education levels and financial habits.
Physician-scientists from NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center present several studies at the 2010 American Urological Meeting, including a potential breakthrough in using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors to improve PSA test accuracy for prostate cancer diagnosis. Additionally, they present results on robotic surgery ...
Researchers from McMaster University and Brookhaven National Laboratory captured images of electrons changing form in metals at extremely low temperatures. The discovery reveals a previously unknown phase transition, shedding light on heavy fermion behavior.
A new Stanford/Packard study finds that chronically ill children with private insurance are less likely to be admitted to specialized pediatric care centers than those with public insurance. The study highlights a significant disparity in healthcare access across California, with certain regions offering more comprehensive services.
Researchers tested methylphenidate, a psychostimulant medication, to treat cancer-related fatigue. While the study found no significant difference between treatment and placebo groups, there was a trend of improved satisfaction with treatment among patients receiving methylphenidate, particularly those with stage III/IV cancer.
Researchers have simulated frustration in a smallest possible quantum system, revealing its relation to entanglement. The team created a fully controllable frustrated magnetic network with three spins, allowing them to manipulate interactions using laser beams.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that adenocarcinoma of the bladder has a poor overall survival rate, but certain factors can improve prognosis. Patients diagnosed at age 60 or younger and those with well-differentiated, localized tumors may have better chances of survival.
Scientists propose that mantle flow, rather than plate boundaries, drives uplift and volcanism in mobile belts. The study identifies two mountain ranges raised almost entirely by mantle flow in Spain and France.
A revised seismotectonic model for the California Central Coast identifies new faults and reinterprets known ones, highlighting the need for further study to understand seismic hazards. The study also examines how large earthquakes can trigger other large earthquakes on nearby faults, a phenomenon observed in paleoseismic records.
Tropical Cyclone Phet has intensified into a powerful cyclone with an eye in the center, posing a threat to coastal Oman, India, and Pakistan. The storm is expected to bring gale force winds and rough seas, with waves as high as 18 feet.
Michigan State University scientists have developed a pioneering landscape limnology approach that integrates freshwater lakes, streams, and wetlands. This framework uses GIS data and models to provide science-based tools for managing and protecting these bodies of water.
A University of Alberta researcher discovered female red squirrels adopt abandoned babies with common genes, ensuring the continuation of their gene pool. This behavior, initially thought to be unique to social animals, reveals a rare instance of altruism in solitary creatures like red squirrels.
A study published in The Lancet found that low-dose combination therapy of rosiglitazone and metformin can stop people progressing to type 2 diabetes, with a relative risk reduction of 66% compared to placebo. This strategy could target populations at-risk of diabetes.
Fatal medication errors peak in July among new medical residents, especially in counties with teaching hospitals. Increased supervision and education on medication safety may reduce these errors.
The study found that 40-60% of Americans living with HIV/AIDS are smokers, twice the rate in the general population. Researchers emphasize the need for effective interventions to help these individuals quit smoking.
A six-year study by researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that heavier prostate cancer patients have larger tumors. The study of 3,327 patients revealed a direct correlation between BMI and tumor volume, suggesting that obesity may contribute to the aggressive nature of the disease.
A major study found that patients with Parkinson's disease respond similarly to deep brain stimulation (DBS) at two different brain targets, challenging current beliefs. Motor symptoms such as tremor and stiffness improved equally in both groups.
Research from Brigham Young University reveals that employees who telecommute and use flexible schedules balance their work and family life better than office workers. The study found that telecommuters can maintain a healthy balance for 57 hours per week, compared to 38 hours for office workers.
A team of researchers from the University of Liverpool identified a male pheromone called darcin, which attracts females and is responsible for learned preference for specific males in mice. Darcin consistently doubled the time spent near a male's scent and was shown to stimulate female memory and attraction.
Researchers discovered that Lactobacillus reuteri reduces muscle contractions in the gut within minutes of exposure. This bacterium naturally occurs in human breast milk, suggesting a potential treatment for various gut disorders.
A large international study found that a burger diet may boost children's risk of asthma and wheeze, particularly in developed nations. Conversely, a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fish appears to reduce this risk. The study, published in Thorax, analyzed data from over 50,000 children aged 8-12 from 20 countries.
A new study in Nature highlights the importance of population diversity within species for maintaining stable fisheries. Without sufficient diversity, fisheries would close more frequently, leading to economic instability. The study emphasizes the need to preserve habitat networks to maintain population diversity.
The University of Leicester is involved in the ExoMars mission, which aims to characterise the chemical, geological and possible biological environment on Mars. The mission will attempt to gather samples from a depth 1-2m below the surface where they are protected from radiation.
AMIA members receive workforce and SHARP grants to develop curriculum and train informatics specialists. The grants support the adoption of health IT and electronic health records, aiming to create a high-performing healthcare system.
A study found that community interventions and in-home visits can slow excess weight gain in American Indian children, increasing breastfeeding rates to 74% and reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. The interventions also boosted confidence levels for families to drink more water and limit sugary drinks.
Research by NiCole Keith highlights the need for physicians to consider physical activity levels a vital sign, similar to height and blood pressure. Regular discussions about exercise habits can help reduce stigma and promote healthy behaviors, leading to better weight management outcomes.
A new instrument, Centrifuge Force Microscope (CFM), uses centrifugal force to manipulate molecules, offering a low-cost and simple approach to single-molecule manipulation. This technique enables researchers to study the interactions of thousands of molecules simultaneously.
A study by University of Adelaide scientists has confirmed that a mutated OAS1 gene increases the vulnerability of horses to the West Nile virus. The findings suggest that genetic mechanisms play a similar role in humans and horses, highlighting the potential for screening valuable horses for the presence of the mutation.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology found that zoledronic acid reduced the number of tumor cells in bone marrow at surgery and improved bone density in women with stage II or III breast cancer. The treatment may also help fight certain types of breast tumors directly.