A Northwestern University study reveals that successful academics struggle to mentor students during the latter half of their careers. The research, analyzing 60 years of mathematicians and their advisees, found that mentors who advised fewer students had more successful protégés.
Researchers will collect data on aerosol particles in the Sacramento Valley from June 2-28, using airplanes, ground instruments, and weather balloons. The goal is to improve computer models simulating climate change by understanding aerosols' role in scattering and absorbing sunlight.
The new 'dipstick' test uses a special paper strip with antibodies to accurately determine blood type, promising to save millions of lives through successful blood transfusions. The cost-effective method could be particularly useful in veterinary medicine for typing animals' blood in the field.
A new ultrasensitive PSA test using nanoparticle technology can detect low levels of PSA in the blood that indicate cancer recurrence. The test may provide early and more accurate answers, allowing doctors to act at the earliest and most sensitive time for patients' long-term survival.
A new model proposes that the cosmic ray knee is caused by interactions between nuclei and photons at acceleration sources, explaining both the knee and recent electron/positron excesses. The model suggests a sharp break in the CR spectra at the knee energy due to rapid energy loss.
Researchers discovered a chain of molecular events that increase skin cancer risk, enabling doctors to assess genetic risk and develop new sunscreens. The study may lead to genetically tested sunscreens and personalized medicine for individuals carrying MC1R gene changes.
Chemical biologist Dr. Carolyn Bertozzi has made groundbreaking contributions to biotechnology, including bioorthogonal chemical reactions and genetically-encoded aldehyde tag technology. Her work has the potential to facilitate early cancer detection and develop novel protein drugs.
A new gene on chromosome 13 has been identified as a potential cause of bowel cancer spread and progression. The discovery is based on a large family study that analyzed the genetic profiles of 81 family members over five generations.
Researchers have discovered that peach and plum extracts induce the death of breast cancer cells without harming normal cells. The compounds chlorogenic and neochlorogenic were found to be responsible for this differential effect.
Charles Steidel receives the 2010 Cosmology Prize for his revolutionary studies of distant galaxies, opening a direct observational window to the universe's early age. His work has allowed us to witness the dramatic transformation galaxies undergo throughout their lives.
A Colorado State University biologist discovered a nutrient that activates a neurological pathway driving food intake in hibernating marmots. By releasing the molecule AICAR, researchers found the animals' appetite is stimulated when energy levels within cells are low, mimicking human obesity and eating disorders.
Researchers developed a nanosponge-based delivery system that is three to five times more effective than direct injection in reducing tumor growth. The system uses biodegradable particles with predictable release characteristics, making it an attractive alternative for targeted cancer therapy.
A new computer model developed by NC State University researchers allows engineers to test different vehicle designs for a Mars rover. The model takes into account various conditions such as wind and terrain, enabling informed decisions about the final design characteristics.
The US military has developed a set of ultra-strength cleaners that can effectively neutralize toxic chemicals, including nerve gas and mustard gas. The new decontamination agents are non-toxic and based on ingredients found in foods, cosmetics, and other consumer products.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new synthetic stem cell growth matrix that overcomes major challenges in human embryonic stem cell research. The new coating, made from a water-soluble gel, has been shown to support long-term growth and maintenance of pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells.
A recent study reveals that the Neo-Tuberosum potato germplasm has its roots in Chile, challenging the long-held notion of its origins in the Andes. The Chilean potato's adaptation to long-day conditions made it a pre-adapted species for growth in other regions.
Newberg's team will use LAMOST data to plot the position, speed, and composition of over 7 million stars, shedding light on dark matter distribution and galaxy formation
Ihor S. Sawczuk, M.D., Co-Chief of the Division of Urologic Oncology, presents research on laparoscopic adrenalectomy and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for recurrent prostate cancer. The John Theurer Cancer Center showcases its expertise in urologic oncology through these innovative treatments.
The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) uses advanced computer models to explore innovations in nuclear plant engineering and design, aiming to optimize safety and efficiency. North Carolina State University is playing a key leadership role in the program, receiving approximately $11 million in funding ove...
Researchers are exploring new applications for terahertz sensors using plasmonics and photonics technology. This technology has the potential to improve optical sources, detectors, and modulators, as well as create biomolecules such as plastic explosives.
Plants with enhanced disease resistance, like mouse ear cress, produce fewer and smaller leaves, but excel against pathogens. This tradeoff allows for coexistence of large, vulnerable plants with small, protected ones in nature.
Using a new technique, researchers have captured the first images of electrons with extraordinary mass under certain conditions. The study reveals the origin of an electronic phase transition in a uranium compound, providing direct experimental evidence that electrons interact with atoms rather than behaving as waves.
Tropical Storm Agatha made landfall in El Salvador and Guatemala, and its remnants are now tracked by NASA. The National Hurricane Center reports a near-zero percent chance of reorganization, solving the forecasting mystery.
Researchers will investigate person-to-person transmission of XDR-TB using advanced epidemiologic techniques and social network analysis. The findings could alter public health approaches for controlling the XDR-TB epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are developing gamma-ray detectors to improve cancer therapy using heavy-ion beams. The Compact Compton Imager 2 (CCI-2) is a compact imager that can provide real-time images of the ion beam's energy distribution in tumors.
A new sociological study reveals that many Latino immigrants in the US face discrimination based on skin color, with relatively darker-skinned individuals earning less than their lighter-skinned counterparts. The study found that some Latinos attempt to assert a white racial identity, but those with darker skin and higher levels of int...
Radiofrequency ablation proved as effective as surgical removal of tumors in curbing cancer recurrence rates for up to five years after treatment. The minimally invasive procedure showed superior preservation of kidney tissue, leading to improved quality of life and length of life for patients.
A major study published in the New England Journal of Medicine has found that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, with similar improvements in motor function regardless of the targeted region. The study also revealed small differences in non-motor effects such as mood and cognitive function.
A sociological study examines the largest US corporations and finds that capital dependence on investors creates incentives for financial malfeasance. The multilayer-subsidiary business model also creates opportunities for managers to engage in improper reporting, leading to significant restatements.
A study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that fatal medication errors peak in July at teaching hospitals where new medical residents are on duty. The authors suggest re-evaluating responsibilities and increasing education on medication safety to reduce errors.
Researchers found neural tissue has imbalanced levels of proteins, specifically torsinA and torsinB, which may explain why certain diseases affect specific organs. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of how genetic mutations impact different cell types.
Researchers at UTHealth and UH will use nanotechnology and new imaging techniques to study the effects of Amyloid-Beta on the brain. The goal is to create new intravenous delivery mechanisms for gamma secretase modulators, which could potentially protect against Alzheimer's development.
A study found that a 10% increase in cigarette pricing resulted in an 18.2% decline in smoking among individuals with alcohol, drug or mental disorders. This suggests that increasing tobacco taxes could be an effective way to curb smoking among vulnerable populations.
Underhill will investigate how interactions between bacteria lead to collective responses, developing a theoretical framework and computer simulation methods. The award includes educational tools for exploring the role of fluid mechanics in bacterial systems.
New research findings indicate that delaying cholecystectomy in elderly patients with acute cholecystitis results in increased costs, morbidity, and mortality. Prompt surgical treatment leads to lower re-admission rates and improved survival rates.
A national study found that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment may be a viable alternative to routine intubation and surfactant administration in preterm infants. Infants treated with CPAP required less frequent intubation, fewer days on ventilators, and fewer steroid drugs after birth.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center compared the outcomes of two surgical procedures designed to alleviate symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Both procedures, transvaginal sling and transobturator midurethral sling, appear to be similarly effective in women up to 12 months after the procedures were performed.
Researchers found that Saharan dust inputs favor SAR11 bacteria over Prochlorococcus, potentially altering oceanic communities. Dust nutrients like iron boost phytoplankton growth and influence bacterial populations.
Researchers compiled a comprehensive history of Arctic ice using sediment cores and proxy data, concluding that the current extent is at its lowest point for at least the last few thousand years. The study's findings suggest the volume of ice is shrinking much faster than its surface area, highlighting a troubling trend in climate change.
Research suggests that drinking fat-free chocolate milk after exercise can help retain, replenish, and rebuild muscle. It also helps reduce markers of muscle breakdown and improves subsequent exercise performance.
A new study found that meditation lessens the perception of pain in individuals with a higher level of meditation experience. This method may have potential as an additional therapy option for treating chronic pain.
A new Indiana University study reveals that the inside of a person's home has a significant impact on their physical activity levels. Researchers found that home conditions, such as dusting and cleaning, were more strongly linked to physical activity than external factors like sidewalks and lighting.
A new study found that grassroots awareness and education programs have more than doubled minority organ donations since their inception. The National Minority Organ Tissue Transplant Education Program has increased the percentage of minority donors to 35%.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have determined the structure of an immune system antibody molecule that effectively acts against most strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The study advances the effort to develop an AIDS vaccine by providing insights into how broadly neutralizing antibodies work.
Tropical Storm Agatha brought heavy rains to El Salvador and Guatemala, causing over 100 deaths and forcing 70,000 people to evacuate. The storm's remnants have entered the northwestern Caribbean Sea with only a 10% chance of reforming into a tropical cyclone due to unfavorable atmospheric conditions.
The article discusses different interventions for secondary suicide prevention, focusing on high-risk patients with psychiatric illnesses. The authors argue that physicians need to be taught about the association between mental disorders and suicide and should not hesitate to ask people about their thoughts of suicide.
GSK-3 inhibitors may have adverse effects on the heart, while NMDA molecules could provide nerve cell protection, highlighting the need for careful risk-benefit assessments. These findings have implications for developing new treatments for conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.
A new study in the FASEB Journal reveals that different coral species invest varying amounts of resources in immunity and defense, which may explain differences in susceptibility to negative environmental impacts. The research highlights the importance of maintaining favorable environmental conditions on reefs to maximize coral immune ...
The Medicare program is expected to spend over $510 billion on 47 million individuals by 2010, with costs projected to skyrocket. Solutions proposed include preventing hospital readmissions, enhancing communication among healthcare providers and patients, and realigning the physician payment system.
A new diagnostic scan using 124I-girentuximab with PET/CT imaging can distinguish between aggressive and less aggressive kidney masses, helping to avoid unnecessary surgeries. The test has a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 87%, respectively, making it a promising tool for personalized treatment strategies.
A study at Baylor College of Medicine found that eliminating tumor suppressor C/EBP alpha is key to cancer development in the aging liver. Another protein, gankyrin, is elevated first, leading to degradation of C/EBP alpha and allowing uncontrolled growth.
A new Mayo Clinic study found that complete removal of all tumors that spread can significantly improve prognosis for kidney cancer patients. Patients who underwent complete tumor removal had an average cancer-specific survival rate of 5 years, compared to just 1 year for those without metastatic tumors removed.
Researchers developed a non-invasive imaging technique combining PET and CT scans without bowel preparation, detecting all significant polyps found by colonoscopy. Patients preferred this method over colonoscopy due to its comfort and lack of sedation.
A rare case of intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma was reported in a Japanese man with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The cancer cells were larger than usual and lacked mucin, differing from conventional ICC cases.
Researchers found STARR to be a safe procedure for managing ODS, with 90% of patients experiencing symptom improvement. The study also showed excellent, good, or fair outcomes in 65 out of 75 patients at 12-month follow-up.
Researchers at EMBL identified microRNAs MiR144 and MiR451 as crucial regulators of efficient red blood cell formation. These molecules help fine-tune genes involved in haematopoiesis, allowing for stable oxygen transport under challenging conditions.
The American College of Radiology's Task Force on Relationships between Radiology Groups and Hospitals proposes steps to improve relationships between radiologists and healthcare systems. Radiologists must re-dedicate themselves to providing value-added services to patients and referring physicians.
Researchers in Taiwan have devised a formula to reduce queuing time, improving customer loyalty and sales. The 'balking index' predicts the number of frustrated customers who will leave their position in the queue.
NASA satellite imagery confirms Tropical Storm Phet's intensification, featuring large areas of high cloud tops and strong convection. The storm is forecast to strengthen further and make landfall along the India-Pakistan border by the end of the week.
The VECTor device combines microPET and microSPECT techniques to provide higher resolution and enable simultaneous imaging. This allows for more detailed analysis of cell function and disease mechanisms in experimental animal models.