A study found that statin therapy can lower the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Statins are believed to decrease VTE risk by reducing inflammation.
Researchers at Brown University have found that Lake Tanganyika has experienced unprecedented warming over the last century, with surface waters reaching record highs. This warming is expected to affect fish stocks, which are crucial for millions of people in the region, and could have severe consequences for local livelihoods.
Researchers at Cambridge have developed a way to visualize chemistry in lithium-ion batteries using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This technique could help identify the formation of dendrites, which cause short circuits and fires, enabling the development of safer battery technologies.
A study found that children with severe asthma have a significantly higher risk of developing COPD as adults. Children with mild asthma were not at increased risk. The study suggests early treatment and surveillance for children with severe asthma may prevent long-term complications.
Researchers found that higher oxygen levels in preterm infants improve survival rates, but also increase the risk of retinopathy of prematurity. A new treatment using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is as effective as traditional ventilator therapy and may result in fewer complications.
A recent study published at the ATS 2010 International Conference found that HIV-infected patients who are falsely diagnosed with tuberculosis have higher mortality rates compared to those who receive correct diagnoses. The study evaluated 600 HIV-infected patients treated at Mulago Hospital in Kampala, Uganda, and discovered that fals...
Researchers found MP-376 reduced P. aeruginosa density and improved lung function in CF patients, with the highest dose showing the most significant effect. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed a 79% reduction in need for other antimicrobials.
Researchers developed a new technique using patterns in immune response to differentiate between active and latent tuberculosis. The test identified specific cytokine patterns that allowed for quick diagnosis, potentially reducing early exposure to the disease.
A Stanford-led team has solved the mystery of how functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals are produced, confirming earlier assumptions about their relationship to neural excitation. The breakthrough enables researchers to study brain-wide impact of changes in neural circuitry using blood-flow fMRI combined with optogenetics.
The American Thoracic Society has published a joint statement on renal failure in ICU patients, highlighting the need for better prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. The statement emphasizes the importance of fluid management, biomarkers, and evidence-based practices to reduce mortality and morbidity.
The UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science will advance MEMS technology with a $5.5 million grant from the US Defense Department. The goal is to create electrically connected, rotating microscale motors for sensing and communications in defense systems.
A new study found that increased parent involvement across elementary school years is associated with fewer problem behaviors and better social skills, but no impact on academic performance. The Study of Early Childcare and Youth Development followed over 1,300 children from birth to fifth grade.
The 2010 IADR/GSK Innovation in Oral Care Awards recognized three researchers for their innovative work on antimicrobial coatings, citrus-based treatments, and point-of-care diagnostic tools. These awards will support the development of new technologies to prevent and treat oral diseases.
A new research facility at Riley Hospital for Children will improve the process of turning laboratory research into new treatments for sick children. The IU School of Medicine will conduct comprehensive phenotyping studies and test the safety and effectiveness of potential new treatments.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have identified a protein, IGF-IR, that regulates motility and invasion of bladder cancer cells. This finding offers a novel molecular target for treating patients with aggressive bladder cancer and may also serve as a tumor biomarker for diagnosis.
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München create an artificial crystal of light to observe exotic multiparticle interactions, revealing complex quantum dynamics and periodic collapses and revivals of matter wave fields. The study demonstrates the existence of three-body collisions involving multiple atoms simultaneously.
Ameya Deshmukh's project wins first place with computer modeling to identify new medications for nicotine addiction. Kevin Knight's study suggests that cognitive games could be useful as an adjunct to ADHD medication.
A study found that almost three-quarters of homeless adults had at least one type of unmet health care need, with rates for specific services six to ten times higher than the general population. Uninsurance was a consistent predictor of inability to get needed care.
A new study published in Child Development found that children whose minds are stimulated in multiple early childhood settings have higher achievement in elementary school. The research highlights the importance of improving coordination among parents, preschool classrooms, and elementary schools to boost children's achievement.
Researchers discovered that coral larvae can detect sound waves to locate suitable habitats, which is essential for their survival. The study highlights the importance of understanding how corals respond to their environment, particularly in light of human noise pollution.
Researchers at UTMB found that restricting blood flow during low-intensity resistance exercise increases protein synthesis and stimulates muscle growth in older men. The study offers hope for patients who need to regain muscle mass after surgery or due to conditions like arthritis.
Yeast's ability to convert sugar to alcohol is attributed to duplicated genes at the chromosome margins, allowing for optimal sugar processing. This process likely evolved in beer and wine yeasts around the Cretaceous era, enabling them to digest various sugars.
A study published in the International Journal of Obesity found that male and female fat cells have distinct genetic profiles, which may contribute to differences in fat storage patterns. The researchers used mice with different sex hormone levels to determine whether hormones play a role in fat distribution.
Researchers have discovered a new twist on a potential malaria drug target, which traps malaria parasites within infected red blood cells. This breakthrough identifies an essential step in the biology of the most common and severe malaria parasite and offers a new direction for fighting one of the world's most deadly infections.
A study by Boston University School of Medicine identified factors associated with prescription drug use disorder (PDUD) in primary care patients with chronic pain. Key findings include a history of jail time, disabling pain, cigarette smoking, and family history of substance abuse as predictors of PDUD.
A study on preschoolers in licensed day care homes found that children's cortisol levels increase when they are in care, exceeding home levels. Cortisol increases are larger in day care homes where providers are overcontrolling.
Researchers developed a new type of wearable impact sensor based on composite materials that generate an electrical current when compressed. The sensors can measure the forces acting on athletes' bodies and provide data to improve performance and reduce injuries.
A longitudinal study of over 1,300 children found that early child care quality predicts higher test scores in cognitive and academic achievement, fewer behavior problems, and less impulsivity. The study supports the idea that early childhood experiences can have long-lasting effects on teenagers' development.
A University of Illinois study demonstrates that agronomic practices can significantly increase the cancer-fighting compounds in broccoli and tomatoes. Selenium-treated broccoli was found to have six times higher levels of one compound and exhibited increased bioactivity, particularly in the liver.
A study of 1,364 children found that those in high-quality child care had slightly higher academic achievement and were less likely to exhibit acting-out behaviors as teenagers. The study also discovered a correlation between hours spent in child care and impulsivity and risk-taking tendencies at age 15.
Researchers discovered that spitting cobras initially track an aggressor's movement, but then switch to predicting where the victim will be 200ms in the future. The snakes use this information to fine-tune their venom spray and hit their target with accuracy.
A Japanese research group discovered that TRPV4 ion channel plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function by regulating cell-cell junctions. Removal of TRPV4 from keratinocytes led to leaky junctions and weak skin barriers, highlighting its importance in preventing dehydration.
Children from poor families experience higher levels of externalizing and internalizing symptoms when they sleep poorly. In contrast, getting a good night's sleep protects against behavioral problems in minority children.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded $1 billion in grants to construct, repair, and renovate scientific research laboratories across the US. These grants are expected to create or sustain jobs nationwide while fostering scientific advances that may lead to improved human health.
A recent study found that frequent alcohol consumption is associated with a faster decline in CD4+ cell counts in individuals with HIV disease. The research, conducted over 30 months, suggests that alcohol has a direct impact on CD4 cells and accelerates immune system decline.
Researchers identified a specific chemical compound emitted by predators that triggers fearful behavior in mice. The study reveals the importance of the vomeronasal organ in detecting chemical cues and highlights the complexity of brain response to sensory information.
Researchers have successfully generated mouse cells that resemble human inner-ear hair cells in a petri dish. This breakthrough could lead to significant scientific and clinical advances along the path to curing deafness. The study provides a protocol for generating millions of functional hair cells from renewable sources.
Researchers at the University of Haifa have developed an intervention to reduce self-stigma among people with serious mental illness. The study found that participants who completed the intervention exhibited reduced self-stigma and increased quality of life and self-esteem compared to a control group.
Research found that patients who discontinued OAB medication were more bothered by symptoms and had a medical diagnosis for conditions like incontinence. Smoking and certain health issues also increased the likelihood of stopping medication.
Researchers found that water and key volatiles may have been present in Earth's original building blocks, contradicting previous theories. The study suggests a complex accretion process for the planet, with volatile-rich material added in late stages of formation.
Scientists have found that volatile elements, including water, were present during the violent process of Earth's birth. The discovery, made using high precision equipment to measure Silver isotopes in rocks, suggests that comets and asteroids may not have brought significant amounts of volatile elements to Earth.
A study by UCLA researchers found that children with epilepsy rate their own quality of life as comparable to their healthy siblings, despite parental concerns. The 'disability paradox' suggests that having a chronic disease does not necessarily mean a person is dissatisfied with life.
Researchers discovered a new factor, DksA, that prevents conflict between DNA replication and transcription in E. coli. When present, DksA tags along with RNA polymerase and removes it from the track when DNA polymerase approaches, allowing for stable replication.
A recent study found an alarming pattern of population extinctions among lizard species due to rising temperatures. Climate change is predicted to cause 40% of local populations to go extinct, translating to around 20% of species disappearing by 2080.
A novel pouch system developed by Duke University researchers can provide a potentially life-saving dose of an anti-HIV medication to newborn babies born at home. The system uses foil and plastic pouches that can hold a single dose of Nevirapine, allowing mothers to give their newborns treatment shortly after birth.
A new study by Professors Sunil Mithas and Henry C. Lucas, Jr., published in Management Science, found that firms paying higher wages to foreign IT professionals do not depress the salaries of American colleagues. Instead, this practice may actually benefit US companies by leveraging a culturally diverse workforce.
A study in fruit flies reveals a molecular pathway involved in dietary choices, which has implications for humans sharing the same pathway. The research opens doors to developing treatments for metabolic disorders by addressing nutritional imbalances.
Ecological speciation is a main route for the emergence of new fungal diseases in plants, according to researchers. Fungi account for 30 percent of emerging infectious diseases in plants.
Researchers found that only 14% of participants knew to call 9-1-1 for three common stroke symptoms, while 37% reported not calling. The study emphasizes the critical role of symptom recognition and emergency medical services in reducing delays in hospital arrival.
Researchers identified microRNA-33 as a crucial regulator of cholesterol pathways, suppressing the production of HDL and clearing cholesterol from peripheral tissues. The study suggests that targeting this pathway could lead to new treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
Scientists propose a new approach to selective fishing that prioritizes ecosystem health and biodiversity, challenging traditional methods. The 'balanced exploitation' approach combines reduced fishing effort with better use of non-target species to achieve sustainable yields while maintaining healthy ecosystems.
Novel vaccines targeting immune cells in the gut may improve patient compliance and vaccination rates, especially in developing countries. Powder-based vaccinations also show promise, with stable dry powder formulations stabilizing the TB vaccine.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have discovered a micro-RNA, miR-33, that regulates key genes involved in cellular cholesterol transport. Inhibiting miR-33 may enhance cholesterol removal from tissues and raise HDL levels.
Researchers have developed a new tool to identify the remains of children using craniofacial shape analysis. This breakthrough can help resolve missing-persons cases and advance our understanding of past civilizations' population dynamics. The study found that children's facial shapes attain adult-like characteristics as early as age 14.
A recent White Paper report by the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) highlights issues with genetic ancestry testing, including imprecise definitions and lack of standard guidelines. The task force recommends a collaborative approach among stakeholders to address concerns and develop best practices.
Researchers developed Inductive Game Theory to study conflict, identifying strategies that generate intense conflict and highlighting the importance of group interactions. The approach suggests individual agency may over-estimate in social evolution and considers the impact of friends' and enemies' actions on conflict.
Rush University Medical Center is conducting an international clinical trial to test celecoxib's effectiveness in preventing precancerous polyps in children with familial adenomatous polyposis. The five-year study aims to assess whether the drug can reduce or prevent polyp formation, offering hope for these patients.
An international team of biologists found an alarming pattern of population extinctions due to rising temperatures. The researchers developed a predictive model that accurately predicted specific locations where previously studied lizard populations have already gone locally extinct.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that local ordinances in Appalachian states with weak statewide smoking regulations do not provide adequate protection against second-hand smoke. Stronger statewide clean indoor air laws are recommended to effectively regulate smoking in public places.
Researchers have determined how cells regulate microtubule attachments during cell division, a process critical for proper chromosomal distribution. The system relies on phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of key proteins, controlled by enzymes Aurora B and PP1, to correct attachment problems and maintain accurate chromosome separation.