A powerful new technique for analyzing tumor cells has been developed, allowing scientists to study the biology of how tumors develop. An international team discovered molecular evidence that may explain why some women with HER2 over-expressing breast cancer do not respond to anti-HER therapies.
Researchers from Europe gathered at the European Geosciences Union conference to share experiences and observations about the Icelandic volcanic eruption's ash cloud. The event aimed to compare model predictions with actual cloud movements, potentially leading to a new network for scientists.
Researchers have sequenced the complete Neanderthal genome, discovering that up to 2% of present-day human DNA originated from Neanderthals. The study reveals genetic differences between humans and Neanderthals, including variations in genes related to cognitive development and skin morphology.
Research from University of Sheffield geographers shows British summer onset has advanced by 11 days since the mid-1950s, with early summer flowering plants blooming three days earlier. This shift could lead to increased ecological divergences and prolonged periods of extreme weather.
Researchers discovered that human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and lineage-committed cells have drastically different epigenomic landscapes. The unique epigenome of each cell type directs the cell to interpret its genetic information differently in response to environmental factors, influencing their development and function.
Two hundred fifty-five National Academy of Sciences members, including Nobel Prize laureates, support the rigor and objectivity of climate science in a joint statement. The signers confirm fundamental conclusions about climate change based on thousands of scientists' work worldwide.
The new superconducting cable can transport up to 110 MVA of electricity, a fivefold increase over conventional copper cables, reducing energy loss by 50-70% and saving significant amounts of CO2 emissions. The technology has the potential to reduce primary energy consumption by 10-15%.
University of Missouri researchers have documented satellite cell movements and behaviors using time-lapse photography. Understanding the interactions between these cells and their 'host' myofiber may help overcome obstacles to gene therapies for muscular dystrophy.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a vaccine that can block the immune reaction causing atherosclerosis, reducing disease by 60-70%. The vaccine targets T cells reacting to native LDL particles, reversing previous findings on antioxidants' ineffectiveness against cardiovascular disease.
The study analyzed over 11,000 elderly men in Sweden, US, and Hong Kong, finding that age significantly impacts the risk of falling, while ethnicity and environment play a role. The proportion of frequent fallers varied across countries, with highest rates in the US, followed by Sweden, and lowest in Hong Kong.
A new study found that protected areas with strong anti-poaching efforts are critical for maintaining populations of forest elephants, western lowland gorillas, and chimpanzees in the Ndoki-Likouala Conservation Landscape. The region is considered one of the most important sites in Central Africa for all three species.
A new study found that the number of circulating tumor cells in a patient's blood directly correlates with their survival time in metastatic breast cancer. The research suggests that monitoring these cells could improve personalized therapy for patients.
Researchers found that a small amount of cohesin is needed for cell division and DNA repair, while higher concentrations are necessary for other processes like chromosome condensation. This discovery helps explain the causes of Cornelia de Lange and Roberts Syndrome.
The iScrub Lite app simplifies monitoring hand hygiene compliance and provides feedback to healthcare professionals. It helps standardize and streamline data entry, reducing errors and delays in reporting results.
A study by Northwestern University suggests that New York City received less Homeland Security funding than optimal in 2009, translating to a potential net increase of $15 million to $92 million. The researchers analyzed budgets for five fiscal years and found Chicago underfunded while Los Angeles overfunded.
A team of Catalan scientists found remains of Egyptian blue in a 12th-century Romanesque church's altarpiece, challenging the understanding that this pigment fell out of use after the Western Roman Empire. The pigment's presence has sparked debate about its possible origin and transportation during Medieval times.
A group of Tel Aviv University graduate students proposes a 'business net' project to connect Gaza with the international business community, promoting peace and prosperity. The project aims to develop a thriving industrial park in Gaza, providing a healthy protein supply and connecting the region to foreign investment.
The European HEALTHGRAIN consortium established a unified definition of whole grain, considering its industrial practices and nutritional benefits. The new definition includes intact kernels with inedible parts removed, while allowing temporary separation during processing.
A study found that pregnant women with flu often experience symptoms like nausea and a rapid heartbeat. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications, according to the UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers.
Researchers developed novel processing technologies to improve oat-based foods, focusing on wholegrain flours and specific varieties for better bread quality. These technologies enhance the nutritional attributes of oats, particularly fiber and beta-glucan content, while also addressing visco-elastic properties and starch gelatinization.
A new study suggests using herbicides to sterilize weedy grasses instead of killing them may be a more economical and environmentally sound strategy. Growth regulator herbicides, when applied at the right growth stage, can reduce weed seed production without harming desirable perennial grasses.
Research suggests that whole grain barley products and rye foods can facilitate glycaemic regulation through gut fermentation, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood glucose levels. Additionally, these products may promote feelings of satiety and lower voluntary energy intake.
Researchers at U of T discovered a new view on how living cells use DNA to generate genetic messages, resolving a decade-old gap in understanding. The 'splicing code' helps predict and prevent diseases such as cancers and neurodegenerative disorders.
The article describes the publication of four new Neotropical plant species in the genus Solanum, governed by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Dr. Sandra Knapp, a leading plant taxonomist, separates the printing process from the publisher, enabling online-only publication while complying with ICBN rules.
Researchers found that serving carrots as a first course increased broccoli consumption by nearly 50-100% among preschool children. The findings challenge conventional beliefs and provide a simple strategy for parents to promote healthy eating habits in their young children.
Scientists discovered that brain tissue produces a natural form of the clot-busting drug tPA, which acts as a neuroprotectant and may prevent strokes. The finding suggests a potential new approach to preventing ischemic stroke by prolonging the effects of naturally produced tPA.
Kathy Clark's project aims to give math a human face by exploring the lives of women who contributed to mathematics. The program will focus on four women's contributions, including Mary Everest Boole, Sophie Germain, Grace Chisholm Young, and Florence Nightingale.
The US Department of Energy has granted approval for the second X-ray laser facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, building on the success of the first hard X-ray laser. The new facility will provide improved control over the X-ray beam and enable multiple research groups to work simultaneously.
Childhood obesity is a serious condition that can have severe consequences, including hypertension and psychosocial complications. Lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise should always be the first-line therapy, with drug treatment used rarely and weight-loss surgery only as a last resort.
The HEALTHGRAIN Forum aims to promote science-based concepts for healthy cereal production, aiming to reduce healthcare costs and provide added value for companies. The new platform will facilitate knowledge sharing between academia, industry, and public bodies.
A European consumer study found that people in Finland rated whole grain products higher in healthiness and naturalness compared to other countries. Additionally, health claims had a positive impact on consumers' likelihood of buying cereal products in most European countries, except Italy.
Researchers have created a two-in-one formula combining an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug, delivered via nano-sized particles that extend medication duration. This development holds promise for easier treatment of bacterial keratitis, potentially reducing hospitalization rates.
Scientists developed a multistage nanovector system to deliver siRNA, significantly lengthening the therapeutic effects of treatment in mouse models of ovarian cancer. The system provides sustained delivery of siRNA for up to three weeks, targeting the EphA2 oncoprotein.
Atrazine is the single most widely used herbicide in sweet corn, accounting for only 9% of total weed management costs. The study found that phasing out atrazine would burden growers with particularly weedy fields and early season crop production.
Researchers successfully used a specialized fluorescent protein to visualize electrical activity in living mice, allowing them to study brain function and behavior in real-time. The 'cameleon' protein enables measurement of action potentials without electrodes, providing insights into neural networks and brain circuitry.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that long-term elite rhythmic gymnastics significantly improves bone health in adolescent girls. The research measured volumetric bone density and bone geometry, showing increased cortical thickness and bone strength.
A study by Cedars-Sinai researchers has found a significant link between methane production and obesity, with obese patients testing positive for methane on their breath having a significantly higher body mass index. The presence of methane-producing bacteria in the gut may play a role in obesity.
Researchers have identified genetic markers that can enhance wheat varieties with improved nutritional content, particularly in exotic germplasm. The HEALTHGRAIN project has developed new tools for plant breeders to exploit this variation, leading to the creation of new wheat varieties with enhanced health benefits.
A recent University of Southampton study found that small doses of alcohol can relieve withdrawal symptoms in C. elegans worms, which exhibit similar behaviors to humans. This treatment approach may also worsen dependency, highlighting the need for new ideas in treating alcoholism.
Scientists discovered that aseismic slip in the Nazca tectonic plate can prevent earthquakes from propagating through certain areas. By analyzing GPS data and aftershock patterns, researchers found a 'patchwork' pattern of aseismicity, with some areas always slipping slowly and others rarely experiencing seismic activity.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found Sudangrass to be an effective solution for controlling Canada thistle, with a 95% control rate in test plots. The smother crop can be mowed and left as a surface mulch or grazed, making it suitable for both organic and conventional farmers.
A small trial of bone marrow stem cell therapy in patients with MS found the procedure to be well-tolerated and suggested potential benefits. The study's results, published in Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, provide a promising lead for further research into this emerging treatment option.
A prescription drug, imiquimod, has been found to boost the effectiveness of future vaccines for bacterial and viral diseases like HIV and hepatitis C. Scientists have coated imiquimod with dextran-based microparticles, significantly increasing the efficiency of cellular uptake by immune cells.
The study found that everolimus-eluting stents demonstrated enhanced safety and efficacy compared to paclitaxel-eluting stents in treating de novo native coronary artery lesions. The trial showed a significant reduction in target-lesion failure and ischemia-driven TLR rates with the use of everolimus-eluting stents.
A study presented at the ARRS 2010 Annual Meeting found that FDG-PET/CT accurately confirmed a suspected colorectal cancer recurrence in 40 out of 71 patients. This early detection enables improved treatment planning and targeted patient care for those with recurrent colorectal cancer.
Research by Indiana University scientists reveals that lake shape is a powerful factor controlling fungal disease epidemics. U-shaped lakes are more prone to epidemics due to the presence of Chaoborus, an invertebrate predator that spreads spores and catalyzes epidemics.
A large study of female nurses found that high-pressure jobs boost young women's risk of ischemic heart disease. Nurses who experienced work pressures were 25-60% more likely to develop heart disease, depending on the level of pressure.
A recent study found that almost 50% of medication discrepancies are related to a failure to understand all prescription medications at the time of hospital admission. Presenting medication lists can significantly reduce medication errors, with 85% of errors originating from patients' medication histories.
Engineered proteins mimic titin, a key muscle protein, to create a tough yet extensible scaffold for muscle regeneration. The biodegradable biomaterial could aid in the healing process by allowing new tissue to grow across injuries.
Researchers detected significant changes in chemical tracers in stream water, indicating increased thaw depth of permafrost. The study suggests that coastal erosion and greenhouse gas releases are likely outcomes of thawing permafrost.
A North Carolina State University study finds that agricultural workers in states requiring unemployment insurance spend 4.6 weeks fewer unemployed than those without insurance, earning 9% less upon re-hiring. Workers with access to benefits can find better-paying jobs.
The new center will explore five aspects of social cognitive networks, including dynamic processes, organizational networks, trust, human cognition, and adversarial networks. Researchers will develop mathematical models and analyze the effects of interactions on task performance and decision-making.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that spouses of dementia sufferers have a significantly increased risk of developing dementia themselves. The risk is six times higher for those whose spouse develops dementia, particularly men.
A recent study by Rochester Institute of Technology found that using social media in classrooms has little effect on building student connections and social capital. The research used course management systems and discussion groups to enhance instruction, but results showed no measurable impact on students' social networks.
A genetic link has been discovered between sporadic and familial forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease. The study found that protein FUS forms characteristic inclusions in spinal motor neurons in most ALS cases, suggesting a common pathogenic pathway for motor neuron degeneration.
A study from the University of Cambridge found that problem gamblers' brains react more intensely to near misses than casual gamblers. This reaction is linked to increased activity in brain regions associated with reward and learning, and may contribute to addictive behavior.
A new study found that just one night of short sleep duration can cause significant changes in metabolic regulation, leading to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in healthy individuals. Researchers used the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp method to measure insulin sensitivity before and after a night of either normal ...
Researchers have discovered that individuals with a specific HLA B57 gene carry more potent killer T cells, which can recognize and attack HIV-infected cells. This finding may lead to the development of vaccines that provoke a similar response in people without the gene.
Researchers from VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland have developed new, nutritious, and tasty gluten-free breads using novel methods such as enzyme technology and high-pressure processing. The development was part of the HEALTHGRAIN project, which aimed to improve the quality and safety of gluten-free products.
A new study suggests that higher dietary protein intake can lower the risk of hip fractures in elderly individuals. The research, conducted on 946 seniors from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study, found that those consuming more protein had a significantly lower incidence of hip fractures compared to those with lower protein intake.