Two large studies on osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) published in the IADR/AADR Journal of Dental Research investigate risk factors and prevalence. The studies found that bisphosphonate use is strongly associated with ONJ, and patients with oral bisphosphonates are 15.5 times more likely to have ONJ.
A study by RUB researchers found that sugar residues in the extracellular matrix control the growth and survival of motoneurons, a type of nerve cell. The study, published in Journal of Neuroscience Research, reveals that certain sugar residues can promote or inhibit neurite growth and cell death.
A recent study by the University of Minnesota found that recovering from conflict well predicts higher relationship satisfaction. A romantic partner who can effectively recover from conflicts benefits their partner's relationship satisfaction.
Researchers have developed a novel technology to diagnose Alzheimer's disease from blood samples before symptoms appear, identifying two potential biomarkers with 90% accuracy. This breakthrough could lead to earlier intervention and improved outcomes for patients.
A small proportion of adult cancer patients participate in clinical trials due to low physician referrals. Medical and radiation oncologists were more likely to refer patients, as well as those in larger practices and academic appointments.
A new study by Duke University researchers has found that home-based physical therapy is an effective way to help stroke survivors regain mobility, with similar results to specialized locomotor training programs. The study, which compared home exercise with body-weight supported treadmill training, found that both approaches led to sig...
A recent study by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that blacks are more likely to initiate contact with whites in online dating than the other way around. In contrast, white daters prefer to date within their own race, with a significant disparity in reciprocation rates between black and white participants.
Damage to a specific area of the brain and decreased noradrenaline levels are linked to multiple sclerosis progression. The study found that noradrenaline plays a crucial role in preventing inflammation and preserving blood-brain barrier integrity.
A study found that female rats given folic acid supplements before conception and during pregnancy had higher rates of breast cancer, with twice as many tumours and faster-growing tumours. The researchers stress the need for more research to determine whether this applies to humans.
Researchers at Emory and Georgia Tech developed nanoparticles to detect circulating tumor cells in blood samples from 19 head and neck cancer patients, achieving a positive signal for 17 patients. The 'one-tube' SERS technology could be faster and lower in costs than other detection methods.
A study by researchers at UCLA Stroke Center found that strokes and cardiovascular disease exacted an enormous toll on Hollywood stars. The team identified 30 actors who suffered strokes and 39 heart attacks among Oscar nominees between 1927 and 2009, with women accounting for 60% of stroke victims.
Researchers create first high-resolution, three-dimensional digital model of an at-risk fossil using portable laser scanning technology, providing a baseline to measure future deterioration. The digital model duplicates a 110-million-year-old Texas dinosaur track and is shareable with others.
Wesley Brooks, a Ph.D. candidate at Rutgers University, received the AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leadership Award for his commitment to fostering dialogue between policymakers and scientists. He will receive a certificate, one-year membership, and a subscription to BioScience.
Researchers have developed a new bioluminescent probe that enables real-time detection of hydrogen peroxide levels in mice, allowing for the tracking of infectious diseases or cancerous tumors without harm. The PCL-1 probe has provided evidence that hydrogen peroxide is continuously produced even in healthy animals.
The two-year project aims to improve the durability and lifetime of mirror-augmented photovoltaic systems. Researchers will test and qualify mirrors, PV modules, and MAPV systems to ensure reliable performance.
The University Hospitals system has implemented a successful approach to stroke care, increasing the use of tPA therapy for ischemic stroke patients by 13.5 times. The System Stroke Program (SSP) educated community hospital staff and ensured timely treatment, resulting in better patient outcomes.
The Stardust-NExT mission will allow scientists to study the surface of comet Tempel 1 before and after its orbit around the sun, comparing findings with previous probe data. The spacecraft's Dust Flux Monitor Instrument will also collect photographs of a crater left on Tempe 1 by a Deep Impact probe.
The NASA National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Preparatory Project (NPP) climate/weather satellite is successfully completing flight environmental testing. The five-instrument suite will provide continuity of climate observations and enhance weather forecasting capabilities.
Researchers found that using non-alcohol antibacterial mouthwash containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) decreases the incidence of preterm birth. The study, funded by The Procter & Gamble Company, involved pregnant women with periodontal disease who received either treatment or a control group.
The SCAST study found that candesartan did not reduce the risk of vascular death, stroke, or heart attack in patients with acute stroke and high blood pressure. In fact, it increased the risk of poor outcomes and low blood pressure-related symptoms.
A study by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and Hertie School of Governance explores the benefits and risks of cloud computing for public administration in Germany. Researchers are developing application scenarios for interoperable use of cloud-computing technologies, while also creating a Cloud Computing Test Laboratory to test security concepts.
A comprehensive review of 27 long-term studies found that children with ADHD are two to three times more likely to develop serious substance abuse problems in adolescence and adulthood. The research, published in Clinical Psychology Review, analyzed data from approximately 4,100 children with ADHD and 6,800 without the disorder.
A new class of magnetic superhalogens has been discovered, exhibiting unusual stability at a specific size and composition. These clusters can be used to create salts with magnetic and super-oxidizing properties not previously found.
Children with acute anemia are at risk of undetected brain damage due to silent strokes, which can cause poor academic performance and severe cognitive impairments. Regular monitoring and timely transfusion may help prevent permanent brain damage in these children.
Researchers found that a naturally present brain chemical signal, CX3CL1, can suppress microglial activation and reduce inflammation in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. This suggests that the communication between neurons and glial cells may play a role in neurodegeneration.
Researchers found that babies born between 36 and 38 weeks with confirmed fetal pulmonary maturity still face increased risks of neonatal morbidity. Despite recommendations for testing, delivering preterm can lead to respiratory problems and other complications.
The Locomotor Experience Applied Post-stroke (LEAPS) trial found that 52% of participants experienced improved functional walking ability one year post-stroke, regardless of the type of exercise program they received. Early locomotor training and home-based programs targeting strength and balance achieved similar results.
Despite minimum recycling targets, Spanish cities struggle with paper and container waste separation. Only glass meets the 60% requirement, while plastic and metal waste are far below target. The study highlights the need for more efficient collection systems to increase recycling rates.
A team of UCR researchers will study mosquito genome sequences to identify 'transposable elements' that play a vital role in gene and genome evolution. The goal is to understand how mosquitoes adapt to their environment and potentially develop new genetic tools to control disease vectors.
Researchers found that preterm birth clinic attendance resulted in more full-term births and lower infant morbidity rates. The study showed a 28% reduction in recurrent spontaneous preterm birth risk and reductions in infant complications and short-term disabilities.
A new policy paper by NSF and NIH experts proposes a system to assess the impact of science and technology investments. The system would gather inputs, outputs, and outcomes from various sources in an open fashion.
University of Houston professors have developed a computerized modeling system to accelerate the development of new antibiotics. The system aims to identify effective dosing regimens and prioritize clinical investigations.
Researchers Peter Fox and James Hendler outline a new vision for scientific data visualization, encouraging scientists to adopt web-based approaches. They highlight the advantages of interactive and dynamic visualizations, such as those found on the web, which can facilitate collaboration, reduce costs, and increase accessibility.
Young, uninsured, or Medicare Part D participants face challenges affording medications after stroke, leading to increased risk of future strokes and cardiovascular disease. The study highlights the need for healthcare professionals to screen for cost-related barriers and improve access to affordable medications for post-stroke patients.
A set of maps created by the University of Sheffield have illustrated the pattern and speed of shrinkage of the large ice sheet that covered the British Isles during the last Ice Age. The maps use new information on glacial landforms, such as moraines and drumlins, to predict future ice losses in Greenland and Antarctica.
A vaccine that induces antibodies in vaginal tissue is sufficient to protect monkeys from HIV exposure, challenging traditional blood-based immunity approaches. The study found mucosal antibodies can block viral entry without neutralizing effects in the bloodstream.
A new study dating back 1,000 years of earthquakes at the San Andreas Fault shows no correlation between lake changes and earthquake timing. Despite this, researchers warn of a likely buildup of tectonic stress, making a major quake possible for southern California in the near future.
A Wayne State University study found that couples who socialized with other couples experienced improved romantic relationships and increased happiness. The research suggests that spending quality time with others can put a spark in one's own relationship.
Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital developed an online tool that estimates stroke patient mortality based on risk factors like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. The tool was validated in a study of 12,262 patients and found to be accurate in predicting death rates 30 days and one year after ischemic stroke.
A new study by Rice University researchers found that countries with defensive military alliances are less likely to be attacked, and these alliances do not increase the likelihood of aggression. The study analyzed defense agreements from 1816 to 2001 and suggests that such alliances can make war and militarized conflicts shorter.
The AVERROES trial found apixaban to be superior to aspirin in reducing stroke risk by 61.4% in patients with atrial fibrillation and high stroke risk. Apixaban was also shown to be safe with a lower rate of major bleeding incidents compared to aspirin.
Research found that only 26.6% of acute stroke patients received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) within 60 minutes of hospital arrival. Timely tPA administration was associated with lower in-hospital mortality and fewer complications.
Researchers at Texas A&M University found that male swordtail fish strategically release pheromone-packed urine in the presence of females as a display of courtship. The study, published in PLOS ONE, challenges previous assumptions about passive pheromone release in fish.
Researchers at Cambridge University have finally resolved the debate on how fleas jump, discovering that they push off with their toes. The team used high-speed cameras and mathematical modeling to analyze flea jumps, finding that both the tarsus and trochanter were involved in the jumping process.
A new study by St. Michael's Hospital researchers found that Canadians living in high-risk neighborhoods are twice as likely to report poor health, particularly on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. The study highlights the importance of targeted health policies for specific regions and neighborhoods at greatest risk.
A comprehensive study published by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine found no association between folate intake and reduced risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Folate supplementation duration and dose also showed no protective effect against preterm birth.
A team of archaeologists and palaeontologists discovered prehistoric human faces in Lene Hara Cave, dated to the late Pleistocene era. The 'sun ray' face has been confirmed to be around 10,000 to 12,000 years old, while other faces are likely to be equally ancient.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found a significant association between piperonyl butoxide, a common additive in pyrethroid formulations, and delayed mental development in young children. Children exposed to higher levels of PBO showed lower cognitive scores, similar to the impact of lead exposure.
A new study from the University of Missouri finds that ex-wife caregivers are more common than expected, offering unique characteristics and motivations. Women provide care to their ex-husbands due to emotional attachments, shared children, or a desire to maintain relationships.
Researchers at MU and ASU found proof of arches in a 3.2 million-year-old Australopithecus afarensis fossil, suggesting a fundamental shift towards human-like walking and locomotion. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about the species' behavior and adaptation to its environment.
A recent study on the leafcutter ant genome has shed light on its unique fungus-farming abilities, revealing how the insect's lifestyle has remade its genetic blueprint over time. The research provides a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between ants, fungi, and bacteria in this mutualistic relationship.
Researchers found that less than one-third of acute stroke patients treated with clot-busting drug tPA receive it within 60 minutes of hospital arrival. Timely tPA administration is linked to lower in-hospital mortality and fewer complications, with every 15-minute reduction associated with a 5% lower risk of death.
Susan Band Horwitz has made significant contributions to cancer research, including the discovery of paclitaxel's mechanism of action and its role in treating various cancers. Her work on microtubules and drug resistance continues to advance our understanding of cancer treatments.
A WSU researcher designed an instructional process to train over 300 employees from diverse countries in custodial duties at the Dubai Mall. The project resulted in a high success rate and has been recognized as a model for efficient, cross-cultural instructional design.
Researchers found that a viral infection in a parasite can trigger severe responses in immune cells, increasing disease severity. The study suggests that antiviral strategies could be used to reduce damage caused by Leishmania strains carrying viruses.
A new clinical trial at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center is testing whether surgery can control Type 2 diabetes as effectively as medical treatment. The study enrolls 50 patients with Type 2 diabetes, comparing gastric bypass to conventional medical therapy and lifestyle modifications.
A study published in Journal of Hospital Medicine found no significant difference in bacterial and MRSA contamination between long- and short-sleeved physician workwear. After an eight-hour day, nearly 50% of bacteria present at the start were already present on the uniforms by three hours.
A growing livestock industry is fueling animal epidemics that threaten food security in developing countries, where people rely on farm animals for their families' survival. The lack of veterinary capacity to track and control outbreaks poses a significant risk to human health, particularly in Africa and Asia.
A WSU study found that performing magnetic resonance imaging sooner on younger stroke patients can lower the rate of misdiagnosis and lead to faster appropriate treatment. Patients under 35 years old are at greater risk of being misdiagnosed, but arrival via ambulance reduces this risk.
Infrared imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite shows strong convection and thunderstorms in System 96S, indicating potential for strengthening. The system is located in warm sea surface temperatures, ideal for intensification.