Researchers studied TB detection methods in western Kenya and found that passive case finding is inadequate due to the high prevalence of HIV. Intensive methods like sputum culture are needed to diagnose TB earlier and more accurately, especially among men and those with prior TB treatment.
A study by Duke University found that mandatory menu labeling at Taco Time locations in King County, Washington, had no effect on consumer behavior. The study suggests that detailed nutritional information may not be enough to influence the obesity epidemic unless combined with other interventions.
Researchers aim to produce tools that allow software developers to easily customize data mining techniques to help software development work. The goal is to make a calmer, more streamlined flow of incoming information with unneeded information filtered out and important information emphasized.
A recent study found that red deer on the Isle of Rum are rutting earlier in the year, with their calving seasons now up to two weeks earlier than 30 years ago. This change is attributed to warmer spring and summer temperatures, providing rare evidence of climate change's impact on large mammals.
Researchers have identified a potential treatment for acute lung injury (ALI) and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by switching the state of macrophages to a reparative state. This approach aims to stop ongoing inflammation and improve lung repair capabilities.
Researchers report a lower value of total solar irradiance than previously measured, demonstrating improved accuracy and consistency. The new findings will help resolve the question of how significant a contributor solar fluctuations are to global warming.
A new study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that intensive early education programs for low-income children can bring improved health and healthier behaviors in early adulthood. The randomized control trial, which enrolled 111 infants from the 1970s to age 21, showed significant benefits in health measure...
New research suggests ocean circulation changes may have caused severe cold intervals in Europe, with the Atlantic ocean capable of radical changes on short timescales. The study found that deep water formation switched off and on repeatedly, leading to warming and cooling centuries at a time.
Recent research reveals significant genetic differences between Asiatic and African cheetah populations, highlighting the need for targeted conservation efforts. The few remaining Asiatic cheetahs in Iran require urgent attention to prevent extinction.
Bioactive compounds in berries, particularly anthocyanins found in blueberries, have been shown to reduce the risk of high blood pressure. Consuming at least one serving of blueberries per week can lower the risk by 10% and may contribute to hypertension prevention.
Richard C. Willson, a professor at the University of Houston, has been recognized as a 2010 Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his work in biomolecular recognition sciences and technology development. The honor is a testament to Willson's research contributions.
Tropical Storm Zelia forms in the South Pacific after strengthening from System 94P; NASA's TRMM satellite captures heavy rainfall on its northwestern and southwestern sides. The storm is expected to continue moving southeastward, strengthen into a cyclone, and impact New Caledonia with winds and rains.
A new study from UCSF found that virtually all pregnant women in the US are exposed to multiple chemicals, including some banned since the 1970s. The study identified over 163 chemicals, with many linked to adverse health outcomes such as preterm birth and childhood morbidity.
Tropical Storm Vania brought heavy rainfall to southeastern New Caledonia, affecting residents of Norfolk Island with gusty winds and moderate to heavy rains. The storm's center was located near Noumea on January 14, before weakening and dissipating in the South Pacific Ocean.
A new study identifies genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart attacks. The researchers found that certain genetic profiles increase the risk of CAD and heart attacks in individuals with CAD, while blood group O offers protection against heart attacks.
The Estero de Domingo Rubio wetland is polluted with heavy metals and pesticides, affecting its water quality and ecosystem. The study highlights the need for greater control over agrochemicals and industrial waste to prevent contamination.
In Pakistan, community health workers known as Lady Health Workers (LHWs) reduced stillbirths by 21% and newborn deaths by 15%, despite low coverage. The LHWs delivered a package of preventive and promotive maternal and newborn care interventions, including antenatal care promotion and clean delivery kits.
A team of researchers led by the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has confirmed that a gene from the measles virus plays a key role in the development of Paget's disease of bone. The study found that osteoclasts in affected patients express a viral protein, leading to characteristic bone lesions and increased risk of fracture.
A simple method for tracking E. coli uses laser imaging to detect and monitor microbe contamination in water, potentially reducing waterborne disease outbreaks. The technique improves on existing methods by providing vital information on microbial source tracking.
The Office of Naval Research showcased various technologies to improve warfighting capabilities and reduce vessel ownership costs. The Enhanced Hybrid Electrical Drive (EHED) and Shipboard Energy Storage Module (SESM) aim to enhance fuel efficiency and ensure power system stability.
A study by Wildlife Conservation Society and University of California at Santa Cruz found that overfished reef systems have fewer sea urchins, leading to higher coral growth rates and more structure. Reefs with complete fish communities outperform those without predators, which allows coralline algae to thrive.
The US Department of Homeland Security has signed a 5-year, $16 million contract to expand and improve the DETERlab testbed at USC's Information Sciences Institute. The new project, DETECT, aims to advance cybersecurity research and provide a controlled environment for scientific inquiry.
Tropical Storm Vince is expected to U-turn and take a westward track away from Western Australia due to high pressure. The storm's maximum sustained winds were down to 39 mph on January 14, with moderate vertical wind shear affecting its organization.
Scientists at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio have discovered that sodium handling in the distal nephron is controlled by a local regulatory system. This system helps set blood pressure and its dysfunction leads to hypertension.