A study found that subtly manipulating body posture influences people's estimates of quantities such as sizes, numbers, or percentages. Participants who leaned left estimated lower quantities, while those who stood upright gave more accurate estimates.
Physicists from the University of Constance used computer simulations to study shape memory materials down to the nanoscale. They found that the material's atomic-scale crystal structure shifted as the temperature increased, triggering a structural phase transition.
Two Penn physicians propose incorporating narrative into evidence-based medicine to translate medical science to the public, combating disproven theories and fear-based appeals. They suggest using counternarratives and personal stories to unmask hidden work of researchers and guidelines committees.
University of Saskatchewan and Royal Ontario Museum researchers tracked a half-billion year old predator, Tegopelte gigas, using fossilized footprints from the Burgess Shale. The ancient creature was a large and active top carnivore with 33 pairs of legs, capable of skimming rapidly across the seafloor.
Research found that inhaling low levels of CO reduces the impact of environmental stress, including noise pollution, in city living. The study suggests that CO can have a narcotic effect that counters stress caused by noise and crowd density.
Researchers are testing a new device that can measure contaminants with unprecedented precision, accuracy and sensitivity at Superfund sites. The device will evaluate the health effects of five specific compounds on two species of marine organisms.
Global health training programs should be evaluated by the quality of experience for trainees from all settings and by the incremental improvement in in-country care, infrastructure, and research. Investments in human resources are crucial to discovering and delivering innovations in prevention and treatment.
A Norwegian Institute of Public Health study investigates the impact of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes on drinking water quality. The research found that while there are no health risks associated with PEX pipes, certain types may cause prolonged undesirable taste and odor, especially when water remains in the pipes over time.
A surgical procedure aimed at bypassing a blocked brain artery did not lower the subsequent stroke rate after 2 years, compared to those who did not have the surgery. Patients who made it through the first month without a stroke had their risk of subsequent stroke almost cut by three-fourths.
A study published in JAMA found that a surgical procedure to improve blood flow in the blocked artery did not reduce the risk of subsequent stroke after two years. The trial, which included 195 patients, showed no significant difference in stroke rates between those who received surgery and those who received medical therapy alone.
Researchers investigate bighorn sheep's seasonal habitat selection behaviors to cope with migration loss due to human development. The study also explores ecosystem services in the American Southwest using biodiversity metrics, while developing an agent-based model to assess disease transmission in fragmented landscapes.
A bivalent HPV vaccine has been shown to offer excellent protection against the most serious immediate precursor to invasive cervical cancer. The vaccine also partially protects against four other cancer-causing HPV types, which together with HPV16/18 cause about 85% of cervical cancer worldwide.
A study by Professor Timothy Golden found that individuals who juggle conflicting demands between their work and home lives experience more work exhaustion. However, those with lower levels of conflict benefit from teleworking during traditional or non-traditional work hours, leading to reduced exhaustion.
The University of Houston will receive funding to purchase and install an advanced imaging system for in-depth monitoring of tumor growth and cancer progression. This will enable researchers to study the interactions of tumors in local tissue environments, leading to a better understanding of cancer cell progression.
Researchers used a unique brain scan to assess amyloid plaques and tau tangles in older adults with severe depression. The study found higher protein levels in critical brain regions, suggesting a link between depression and possible dementia later in life.
A first-of-its-kind study found that brain stimulation significantly reduced 'medically refractory' epileptic seizures in adults. The NeuroPace Responsive Neurostimulation System delivered electrical pulses to stop seizures, providing a new treatment option for patients who have tried multiple medications and surgery without success.
Researchers at UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital are conducting two studies to investigate the role of vitamin D in preventing heart disease and inflammation in HIV-positive individuals. The studies will explore the effects of vitamin D deficiency on immune system function, bone density, and cardiovascular health.
Researchers are developing a new approach to predict water uptake by roots in soils using X-ray scanning and mathematical modelling. This will help understand how different wheat root architectures affect water movement and crop growth.
A study published by researchers at the University of California, San Diego found a 67% excess of cortical cells in children with autism, pointing to prenatal processes gone awry as a possible cause. The excess neurons were discovered in areas associated with social, communication and cognitive development.
Researchers have produced the smallest arthropod fossil ever scanned using X-ray CT techniques, a 176-micron-long prehistoric mite trapped in Baltic amber. The study reveals almost 50 million years of evolution among these mites of phoretic behavior using another species.
Almac's innovative test identifies patients who may benefit from chemotherapy, offering a breakthrough in managing stage 2 colon cancer. The technology uses genetic signatures to predict cancer recurrence, providing doctors with a valuable tool to improve patient outcomes.
Six TUM researchers have received substantial ERC grants to support their groundbreaking research projects. Prof. Annette Menzel's project aims to investigate the impact of extreme weather events on ecosystems, while Prof. Christian Pfleiderer is working on magnetic vortices for information technology.
A study found that cooking programs like Cooking with Kids integrate nutrition education with academic subjects, strengthening students' understanding of content and developing social skills. The program helps students develop good food habits and treats them respectfully, preparing them for adulthood.
Researchers found that slow eaters consumed significantly fewer calories than fast eaters, with whole grains taking longer to digest. The study also showed a strong association between eating rate and body mass index (BMI), suggesting that slower eating may be related to lower energy needs.
Researchers found that organic carbon resides in the Ganges-Brahmaputra system for 500-17,000 years, making it a significant source of terrestrial biospheric carbon to the ocean. The relatively long carbon residence time poses big implications for the global carbon cycle.
Eli is a web service that improves writing by providing teachers and students with quick review, feedback, and revision tools. Developed by MSU researchers, Eli aims to enhance writing proficiency among America's students and professional writers.
A pilot study found Angiomax to significantly reduce major bleeding events in patients with severe aortic stenosis, compared to heparin treatment. The anticoagulant showed a 60% reduction in major bleeding events.
A study from the University of Missouri found that abused children who control their emotions, focus on daily skills, and stay motivated can achieve academic success. The research analyzed math and reading scores of 702 children aged 6 to 10 and discovered that daily living skills are key to overcoming past trauma.
Research shows that maintaining wildlands in and among vineyards significantly improves carbon storage. This approach can help balance global atmospheric carbon by increasing vegetation and biodiversity while reducing emissions.
Two Kessler Foundation researchers received over $100,000 in National Multiple Sclerosis Society grants to investigate cognitive impairments in MS. The studies aim to improve processing speed and understand the relationship between white matter damage and cognitive decline.
Patients treated by physicians who billed for both technical and professional fees were more likely to undergo cardiac stress imaging after coronary revascularization. The incidence of nuclear stress testing was higher among these physicians compared to those who did not bill for the service, with 12.6% vs 5.0%.
Researchers found that sleep paralysis is more common in students and psychiatric patients, affecting nearly 28% of students and 32% of psychiatric patients. The study also identified three types of hallucinations experienced during sleep paralysis, including the presence of an intruder, pressure on the chest, and levitation.
A new study published in the journal Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefinin suggests that wood-based biofuel can compete with corn ethanol for a share of the renewable fuels market. The research identifies opportunities to reduce costs and increase economic viability through technological advancements and economies-of-scale.
Researchers discovered that neurotic individuals tend to avoid listening to or considering anti-smoking messages due to fear and anxiety. Positive messages emphasizing personal recovery from smoking may be more effective in addressing this population.
A new study published in SAGE Open finds that video-chatting technology can effectively deliver reading interventions to rural and isolated students. The single-case study showed significant improvements in a nine-year-old student's reading accuracy test scores after ten weeks of regular online sessions.
Research suggests climate change is increasing avian malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases in Hawaiian forests, threatening the survival of endemic bird species. Native birds have adapted to these changes by developing tolerance to malaria, allowing them to expand their ranges into previously inhospitable areas.
Researchers have shown a 5-fold reduction in lameness from one in ten to one in fifty sheep with proper management and antibiotic injection. This breakthrough treatment has the potential to tackle endemic disease affecting 9 million ewes and lambs annually.
FlexGen's DNA-sequencing technology helps identify genetic causes of diseases and adapts treatment. The company is now working on new technologies to introduce to the market, aiming to understand diseases at their core.
Researchers at the University of Canterbury developed a new method to generate extra-long electrical arcs using exploding copper wires, reducing the amount of voltage needed by more than 95%. The technique has potential applications in inducing real lightning from thunderclouds and creating novel electrical machines.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a new molecular signature for biliary atresia, a devastating pediatric liver disease. The study found that some children with the condition exhibit high levels of Th2 immune system activity, providing a potential target for new therapies.
The UK Flusurvey, launched by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, will track seasonal flu spread across Britain and compare data with European countries. The online survey aims to detect flu epidemics early and provide insights into vaccine effectiveness.
A team of NYU biologists uncovered a previously unknown role for female reproductive tract cells in fruit flies, which affects sperm movement and fertility. The discovery may provide insights into manipulating reproductive behavior in other insects.
A study by Rhode Island Hospital found that commonly used dehydration scales were not accurate predictors of severe dehydration in children with diarrhea and/or vomiting in a low-income country. The researchers call for further research to develop new clinical scales with greater accuracy.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a technique to integrate compound semiconductor nanowires on silicon wafers, enabling high-performance solar cells. The approach uses densely packed arrays of tiny strands of III-V semiconductor that grow up vertically from the silicon wafer.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences finds a strong correlation between precipitation patterns in the Northeast and Southwest. Researchers used sediment layers to reconstruct records and found that extreme weather events are predicted by climate models.
The university will conduct research on deciphering and controlling the signaling processes in bacterial multicellular systems and bacteria-host interactions. This study aims to understand persister formation in biofilm development and manipulate the multicellular and inter-kingdom signaling processes.
A recent study by George Mason University researcher Lisa Lindley found that bisexual women are at a higher risk of depression, stress, and alcohol abuse compared to their male counterparts. The research also showed that bisexual girls were more likely to be high-risk for these health issues during their teenage years.
Three artemisinin-based combination therapies were found to be highly effective in clearing the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in African children. DHAPQ was shown to have the longest post-treatment prophylaxis, making it a valid third option for treatment.
A Japanese study reveals that the brain, not the eye, produces afterimage illusions in complementary shapes. The research found that the brain's shape-processing visual cortex is responsible for creating these illusory shapes, which were observed in a novel afterimage illusion.
A recombinant poxviral vaccine has shown positive responses in both metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer, with median overall survival ranging from 13.7 months to 15 months. The treatment led to clinical responses in some patients and mild injection-site reactions as the most common side effect.
A new study found that spinal bleeding is common in young children with traumatic brain injury, suggesting abusive trauma. Complete spine imaging can help distinguish between abusive and accidental injury in these cases. The study's findings support the importance of imaging the whole spine for accurate diagnosis.
A research team led by Virginia Tech's Lisa Belden is studying the role of microbial communities on the skin of frogs in defending against a devastating fungal disease. The goal is to develop probiotics that can help amphibians resist the disease and potentially even release endangered species back into nature.
A new study from Duke University Medical Center found that financial reimbursement for cardiac imaging tests increases their use, with doctors ordering tests 50-100% more often when billed for both performing and interpreting the results.
Researchers have discovered that the protein p97/VCP aids DNA repair by unwinding proteins at damaged sites. This mechanism holds potential for improving radio- and chemotherapy effects on cancer cells.
A comprehensive list of 235 planthoppers from Iran has been compiled, featuring new species names and taxonomic data. The study aims to improve pest control management and encourage further research on this important group of insects.
A team of researchers at the University of Western Ontario has demonstrated that eliminating a specific neurotransmitter in the striatum may improve brain function in Parkinson's disease. By using genetically-modified mice and high-level behavior and imaging techniques, the researchers found that neurons responsible for this neurotrans...
Researchers have found that sildenafil, the active ingredient in Viagra, can neutralize chronic inflammation caused by malignant melanoma, allowing tumor-specific T cells to function properly. This study suggests that Viagra may improve treatment results for people with melanoma by boosting antitumor immunity.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute identify novel Rubisco activase in red algae that repairs useless proteins by opening active centers like a shoe string. This discovery could aid in designing more efficient plants and microorganisms that convert CO2 into valuable biomass.
A new study by Dr. Murray Rudd reveals a high level of consensus among conservation scientists about the impending loss of biological diversity. The survey found that 99.5% of responders believed a serious loss was likely or very likely, with tropical coral ecosystems perceived as the most seriously affected.
A new study found that top US companies promote sustainability on their websites to attract and retain profitable customers. The researchers assessed the environmental efforts of 500 leading companies and discovered a significant increase in sustainability programs across industries since 2008.
New studies found that clean indoor air laws are associated with increased voluntary smokefree policies in the home, particularly in households with smokers and children. The laws have a significant impact on protecting kids from secondhand smoke exposure, with children up to twice as likely to take up smoking themselves.
A Scripps Research Institute scientist has been awarded a $1 million grant to study adropin, a peptide hormone that may improve insulin sensitivity and treat type 2 diabetes. The research aims to explore adropin's potential role in glucose homeostasis and its application as a protein-based therapy.
The NSF-funded I/UCRC E3S center aims to develop holistic approaches to energy efficiency in data centers, potentially saving millions of dollars. The collaboration between universities and industry leaders will focus on finding ways to monitor and self-regulate electronic systems' energy usage.
A new clinical test called SNaPshot allows doctors to identify patients' individual genotypes and target tumours with the most appropriate therapy. The test has been shown to significantly improve response rates in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
Researchers discovered that eliminating acetylcholine secretion boosted dopamine actions, potentially improving motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. The study used genetically modified mice to investigate the role of neurotransmitters in the striatum, a region affected by the disease.
Researchers have developed a new hybrid detector that can monitor alpha, beta, and gamma radiation simultaneously. The device uses three scintillators to distinguish between the different types of radiation, allowing it to provide accurate counts for all three simultaneously.
Researchers at UTHealth successfully performed carotid artery stenting on 10 high-risk patients without complications or deaths. The procedure showed promising results, particularly in patients with symptoms of stroke related to their carotid artery disease.
A recent NIH-funded study found that children with autism have more brain cells and heavier brains compared to typically developing children. The researchers suggest that faulty prenatal cell birth or maintenance may be involved in the development of autism.
A new study suggests that migrant South Asians should be classified as obese with a BMI between 23-28 kg/m2, indicating a higher risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The conventional definition of obesity may need to be lowered for this population to detect equivalent levels of cardiovascular risk.
A large-scale study found that sustained buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) treatment reduced prescription painkiller abuse by 49% in patients with addiction. However, once the medication was discontinued, relapse rates were high, highlighting the need for sustained recovery strategies.
A new artemisinin-based treatment has been shown to be highly effective in treating uncomplicated malaria, particularly in regions with high re-infection risks. The study, which involved over 4,000 children in sub-Saharan Africa, found that the combination therapy had excellent efficacy and significantly reduced recurrent infections.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that adult living donor liver transplants are safe with a 100% donor survival rate and low-grade complications. The study, which looked at 54 living donor liver transplants over 10 years, also found minor complications in 61% of donors.
A Canadian study found a link between heavy methamphetamine use and an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. The research compared methamphetamine users to those with other substance dependencies and found a 1.5-3-fold higher risk of diagnosis.
Researchers investigate how c-myc gene mutations interact with p53 and Bcl2 genes in Burkitt's lymphoma. The study shows that the nature of the second 'hit' determines immune response against developing tumours, with implications for cancer therapy.
Researchers identified a key mechanism behind diabetes-related cognitive impairment, finding that insulin resistance triggers inflammation leading to cortical atrophy and brain dysfunction. The study provides new insights into the disease's impact on the brain and highlights the importance of managing and preventing diabetes.
A study by Frank Cobelens and colleagues found that the Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test is cost-effective for TB diagnosis in high-burden countries. The test reduces years of life lost due to TB, making it a highly cost-effective investment.
A recent survey of Pacific sea turtles has identified 16 species of epibionts, including crabs and barnacles, that live on their shells. These organisms can cause drag and transmit disease, highlighting the importance of considering their impact on turtle health and ecology.
Researchers found that older male nightingales matched songs less often and overlapped songs more frequently with younger birds. This suggests a different strategy than previously thought, where older males may 'show off' to protect their territories by adding new songs to their repertoire.
Researchers activated a gene called PGC-1, which increases mitochondrial activity, and found it significantly extends the lifespan of fruit flies' digestive tracts. The study's implications for human aging suggest targeting the intestine as a vital tissue type for healthy aging.
Researchers have made a fundamental discovery about enzymes, revealing that flexibility is an essential feature of enzyme function. This finding has significant implications for improving the efficiency of enzymatic processes and developing new treatments for diseases such as AIDS.
The Galaxy platform is now available as a cloud computing resource, providing researchers with access to powerful computing power and vast data storage capacity. This development enables scientists to perform large-scale DNA analyses without investing in expensive computer infrastructure.
Infants born prematurely in Malawi are at a higher risk of death and developmental delays compared to term-born infants. The study found that premature babies were 1.79 times more likely to die than term babies, with increased rates of underweight and disability.
Four Hebrew University professors, Prof. Saharon Shelah, Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Berachyahu Lifshitz, and Eliav Shochetman, have been awarded the $1 million EMET Prize for their significant contributions to mathematics, psychology, law, and Jewish law. The prize recognizes their far-reaching influence and impact on society.
Scientists have developed a microscope that utilizes compression sensing to gather molecular vibration information with increased resolution and reduced time. The new method has been applied to sum frequency generation microscopes, resulting in images with 16 times more pixel density than traditional scanning techniques.
Researchers at the USDA's Agricultural Research Service found that biochars produced from switchgrass and hardwoods increased soil moisture storage in sandy soils. The study also showed that biochars can extend the window of soil water availability for crops by 1-3 days.
The 520-day Mars Mission simulated prolonged operational confinement on a six-member international crew, collecting over 4.5 million minutes of actiwatch data to evaluate the impact on sleep patterns and mental health. The study's findings will help scientists mitigate potential problems for future long-duration space missions.
A preliminary study found that children with autism had an average 67% more prefrontal brain neurons and a larger than average brain weight compared to children without autism. The researchers also discovered significant differences in neuron counts in the PFC, with 79% more neurons in one subdivision.
A study projects an increase of up to 350% in Mediterranean forest formations like holm oak and juniper due to CO2 concentration increases. In contrast, cold-adapted species may shrink by 99%. The prediction could have significant impacts on biodiversity conservation.