Research from PolicyLab at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia shows that a home visiting program may not be effective in reducing early childhood injuries. Children served by the Nurse-Family Partnership had no fewer injuries than comparable families not enrolled in the program, with some even experiencing higher injury rates.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that relocating elephants to national parks does not decrease human-wildlife conflict. In fact, the translocated elephants were involved in more conflicts and killed five people over a year, highlighting the need for alternative conservation strategies.
The Northern New Jersey Traumatic Brain Injury System (NNJTBIS) aims to improve quality of life for individuals with traumatic brain injury through a comprehensive system of care, research, education, and dissemination. The five-year grant funds cognitive rehabilitation strategies to help manage memory loss after TBI.
The University of Minnesota will lead an international research network, Linked Institutions for Future Earth (LIFE), focusing on the impacts of climatic and human stresses on landscapes. The project aims to inform policymakers and practitioners with research that advances understanding and promotes landscape sustainability.
A team of researchers at the University of Dundee has developed an automated design system for new drugs, using advanced statistical analysis to mimic human chemists' creative process. The system successfully predicted profiles across a range of drug targets, with 75% confirmed correct in experimental testing.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a method to recreate unique shell geometries in lab-made microcompartments by altering the acidity of their surroundings. This breakthrough could lead to designed microreactors that mimic cellular functions or deliver therapeutic materials to cells.
A new study reveals that mini-strokes result in prolonged periods of brain damage and cognitive impairment, with neurons being lost due to delayed processes. The research suggests a longer therapeutic window to protect cells after these tiny strokes, potentially extending to days and weeks after the initial injury.
Researchers have developed a biocompatible patch that can support the growth of healthy new tissue and potentially replace current patches used to repair congenital heart defects. The patch, seeded with living cardiac cells, is designed to degrade over time, leaving a repaired heart.
A large study finds that post-menopausal breast cancer survivors are more likely to develop diabetes, with a significant association observed after chemotherapy. The risk increases over time, suggesting the need for closer monitoring and screening of these patients.
Researchers at UGA have found that an algal structure allows parasites like malaria and toxoplasmosis to replicate and spread inside hosts. Altering this fiber may lead to new anti-parasitic treatments.
Researchers used optogenetics to control brain activity in mice, tracing stress resilience to neurons in the reward circuit. Instantly triggering or reversing depression-like states was possible with flashes of an LED light.
Researchers at UCLA have found a powerful boost to therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy by combining a proven FDA-approved medication, dantrolene, with existing treatments. This combination aims to restore normal muscle function and improve the lives of those affected by the disease.
Average employer-sponsored family health insurance plan premiums increased by 62% between 2003 and 2011, rising to $15,022 per year. Employee payments for their share of health insurance premiums also rose by 74%, with deductibles more than doubling.
A new study published in Nature shows that increased snowfall in Antarctica leads to more rapid ice flow and greater ice loss, contributing to higher sea levels. The research suggests that global warming may accelerate ice discharge from the continent, potentially offsetting any ice gain due to increased snowfall.
Research finds that witnessing or experiencing workplace bullying increases the risk of being prescribed antidepressants, sedatives, and sleeping pills. The study, which tracked 6,606 public service employees in Finland, reveals a significant association between bullying and subsequent prescriptions for psychoactive drugs.
A year-long study found that ceramic cookstoves in rural Kenya reduced air pollution but had no significant impact on pneumonia rates among young children. Despite lower smoke levels and respiratory symptoms, the stoves did not demonstrate a substantial health benefit.
Researchers found that patients with a family history of colorectal cancer are more likely to develop tumors with low-level methylation of LINE-1, a molecular sign associated with an aggressive form of the disease. Testing for this sign may help identify patients in need of aggressive treatment and inform familial cancer-risk assessments.
Researchers used Earth-orbiting X-ray telescopes to observe a bingeing black hole that expels powerful beams of material, solving the debate over whether ULXs are black holes gorging themselves or more massive ones eating sedately. The discovery provides key insights into how jets are produced by a binging black hole.
A recent study from Queen Mary University of London has identified two proteins, Egr2 and Egr3, as crucial regulators of the immune response. In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), T lymphocytes show defective production of these proteins, leading to increased inflammation.
Researchers found a significant link between herbivore activity, phenotypic plasticity, and epigenetic changes in European holly. The study suggests that plants can quickly respond to environmental changes through epigenetic modifications, making them more resilient.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a new method to detect artery inflammation in pigs using targeted micro-bubbles. The technique, which has shown promising results, may help identify patients at risk for strokes and monitor the effectiveness of treatments.
A regional team led by Case Western Reserve University has won $4 million to design a 9-turbine Lake Erie wind farm, with the potential for an additional $46 million in funding. The goal is to demonstrate cost-competitive power production and explore materials and designs to reduce costs.
Researchers found that microRNA-218 is low in medulloblastoma patients and its addition stops disease occurrence. The microRNA also affects genes involved in tumor growth and migration, offering potential targets for therapy.
Researchers at UCLA have created a lightweight device called the iTube that attaches to a cell phone to detect allergens in food samples. The iTube uses the cell phone's camera and a smart application to run a test with high sensitivity, similar to laboratory tests.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have discovered a vegetable compound that can reduce the number of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Sulforaphane, found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, was shown to kill cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unaffected in lab tests.
A study published in the Journal of Applied Ecology found that removing around 100 artificial waterbodies can prevent toads from occupying 268,000 square kilometres of land. This could protect numerous species, including northern Quolls and goannas and snakes, badly affected by toad invasions.
A study of over 15,000 teenagers and young adults found that the risk of attempted suicide is highest within two years after a parent's inpatient care due to mental disorders or suicide attempt. The risk is particularly high for teenagers and declines with age.
A four-year field study shows BCG vaccination reduces TB infection risk in unvaccinated badger cubs in vaccinated groups and social groups. Vaccination can indirectly protect cubs before they emerge from their setts.
An observational study found that nearly 1 in 3 pedestrians are distracted by mobile devices while crossing roads, with texting being the most distracting activity. This behavior is comparable to drunk driving and can significantly increase the risk of accidents.
Astronomers have discovered seven primitive galaxies from a distant population formed over 13 billion years ago. The observations reveal the earliest years of cosmic history and provide new insights into galaxy formation.
Researchers found that administering zinc to human blood and mice treated with the venom's compound could slow down pore-forming process in cells. Zinc gluconate treatment increased survival times in mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic option. The study proposes zinc as a life-saver for victims of Australian box jellyfish stings.
Scientists have developed a way to create designer drugs that target multiple proteins simultaneously, potentially treating complex diseases like diabetes and schizophrenia. The new approach uses computational chemistry and experimental testing to validate drug compounds, showing promise for developing effective treatments.
Researchers successfully grew helium crystals under zero gravity, overcoming laboratory limitations to examine the dynamics of these peculiar materials. The crystals formed rapidly, exhibiting an unprecedented Ostwald ripening process that can help reveal the underlying physics of crystal development.
Researchers use metathesis to create valuable personal care product ingredients from plant essential oils, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional raw materials.
Astronomers have discovered a microquasar in the Andromeda Galaxy, a black hole devouring material from a companion star. The discovery provides opportunities for detailed studies to unravel the mystery of microquasars and their physics.
Researchers at Notre Dame are developing mathematical algorithms to integrate plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into the power grid, anticipating optimization problems for various parties. The goal is to create an efficient system that benefits consumers, companies, and the environment.
The Mercyhurst University study assesses the current and future impacts of climate change on the overwintering energetics and microenvironmental conditions of the goldenrod gall fly. The research reveals a significant increase in energy use by larvae during winter, projected to decline with rising temperatures.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed tools to help barley crops use less water while maintaining productivity. The study, published in Theoretical and Applied Genetics, utilizes carbon isotope compositions to improve selection efficiency for water-efficient varieties.
A study by Ohio State University researchers reveals that lithium accumulates in the copper current collector of hybrid and electric car batteries over time, affecting their performance. This discovery could aid in improving battery design and performance.
Researchers at TU Vienna have successfully controlled the splitting of large molecules with up to ten atoms using ultra-short laser pulses. The technique involves influencing the movement of electrons, which in turn affects the atomic nuclei, allowing for targeted control over specific elemental chemical reactions.
A review article examines the feasibility of algae-derived oils for large-scale biofuels production, with projected economic benefits. Microalgae have high yield potential, but require long-term commitment to achieve commercial scale, according to experts.
Scientists have identified a unique phage that acts as a predator, infecting and harming competing bacterial strains in the human intestine. The discovery could lead to new techniques for controlling bacteria in a natural way, opening up questions about the role of phages in shaping gut communities.
A recent study suggests that taxes on soft drinks and high-fat foods could lead to significant reductions in energy intake from saturated fats and consumption of these products. In contrast, subsidies for fruits and vegetables may increase consumption, but with potential compensatory purchasing effects.
The EUNIS mission will gather data on the sun's corona by observing extreme ultraviolet light over a six-minute flight, providing insights into temperature ranges of solar plasma. The instrument will observe wavelengths from 525 to 630 Angstroms, covering temperatures from near the surface to millions of degrees Fahrenheit.
A new study reveals that fish play a crucial role in recycling nutrients, providing fertilizer for sea grass and algae growth. The research found that fish populations around reefs can cause significant changes in ecosystem productivity.
A study published in Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience found that emotion in voices enhances initial word recognition, but does not improve long-term memory. The researchers discovered that emotionally intoned speech can lead to the acquisition of emotional value, making words more negatively charged in the mind.
Researchers have developed a method to determine the viability of Asian soybean rust spores using two staining techniques. The new test allows for early detection of viable spores, enabling farmers to apply fungicides at the right time and minimizing yield losses.
Researchers have deciphered the mechanism of anophelin's interaction with thrombin, a key enzyme in blood coagulation. This discovery opens the door to designing new anticoagulant drugs with improved efficacy and reduced side effects, as well as fighting against malaria by developing inhibitors for this substance.
Elderly consumers use shopping, meal preparation, and caregiving to assert their identity and resist being labeled old. They employ various strategies, including joint activities and covert exclusion of younger caregivers, to challenge perceived stereotypes.
A new study by the University of Montreal found that ending a high-fat diet can cause withdrawal-like symptoms and increased sensitivity to stress in mice. The research suggests that brain chemicals associated with depression are altered by diet, leading to a vicious cycle of poor eating.
A new study reveals how tiny holes in bones can weaken them, but also shows that strengthening osteocalcin could lead to stronger bones. Researchers suggest that increasing vitamin K intake through foods like spinach and broccoli may help prevent bone fractures.
A Cochrane systematic review found that giving babies a few drops of sugary solution before injections can reduce crying time. Researchers reviewed data from 14 studies involving over 1,500 infants, with results showing a shorter crying time for those given the sugar solution.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have found that Vega, a star used as a reference point for measuring other stars' brightness, is approximately 200 million years older than previously estimated. The star's rotation rate and mass were also precisely measured using the Michigan Infrared Combiner tool.
A new study published in Radiology found that cerebral angioplasty and stent placement can be an effective treatment for stroke patients, with a significant improvement in outcomes compared to no additional therapy. The procedure was shown to improve symptoms and quality of life for approximately 43.5% of patients.
A new study reveals that the SIRT6 gene plays a critical role in suppressing cancer growth by repressing aerobic glycolysis and inhibiting Myc activity. The loss of SIRT6 protein in mice increases tumor size and aggressiveness, highlighting its potential as a tumor suppressor.
Studies funded by industry report more favorable results and outcomes compared to non-industry sponsored trials. The systematic review found that papers describing industry-sponsored studies presented more favorable overall conclusions, with increased benefits and fewer harmful side effects.
Two UT Southwestern researchers, Dr. Lora Hooper and Dr. Youxing Jiang, are recognized for their innovative work on immune mechanisms and ion channels. Their discoveries have significant implications for understanding and treating conditions like inflammatory bowel disorders and channelopathies.
The 2011 TIMSS and PIRLS assessments reported global student achievement in mathematics, science, and reading, with East Asian countries leading the way. The top-performing countries in each subject were identified, along with trends in achievement over time.
A study found that social ties have a stronger effect on content generation than the reverse, leading to a self-reinforcing cycle of network growth. Researchers suggest that incentivizing user connections through better tools can increase ad revenue.
A study found that contact precautions for patients with drug-resistant infections reduced visits by healthcare workers, but increased hand hygiene compliance upon exiting patients' rooms. However, this intervention had negative effects on patient care and mental wellbeing.