Researchers found that even three-nanometer-sized nanocrystals can suffer from dislocation-mediated plastic deformation when subjected to stress. This challenges the long-held assumption that ultrafine nanocrystals are defect-free.
Researchers have isolated cancer stem cells from kidney tumors that lead to Wilms' tumours, a type of cancer typically found in the kidneys of young children. These cancer stem cells can be targeted with an antibody drug, providing a potential new approach for treating this disease.
Researchers discovered two new genes, PIK3CA and AKT1, linked to Cowden syndrome, a condition carrying high cancer risks. The findings promote diagnosis, clinical management, and genetic counseling, aiding predictive testing.
Researchers at DOE/Argonne National Laboratory studied ultrafast bubble formation, finding surface wetness affects the bubble's fate. The study could improve spray coating, metal casting, and ink-jet printing, as well as fuel efficiency and engine life.
The study reveals that high blood pressure is the leading cause of death globally, followed by smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. The analysis suggests that addressing these risk factors can help reduce disease burden and improve public health.
A method for detecting where people's gazes converge has been developed by Carnegie Mellon researchers, allowing robots to better understand social interactions. The system uses crowdsourcing to provide subjective information about social groups that would otherwise be difficult or impossible for a robot to ascertain.
A study published by the Zoological Society of London predicts that mammals will face a bleak future due to climate change, with 1/3 species at risk from cyclones and droughts. The research identifies primates as particularly vulnerable, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to mitigate the impacts of extreme weather events.
Scientific Animations Without Borders (SAWBO) delivers narrated, animated videos to a global audience, addressing pressing issues like food waste, insect damage, and infectious diseases. The initiative has received feedback from its audience, allowing it to improve its message and expand its content.
Researchers found no significant improvement in traumatic brain injury treatment with intracranial pressure monitoring, suggesting a need for more focused and less unnecessary treatment. The study's findings bring new energy to the management of traumatic brain injury, an 'orphan disease' that affects millions worldwide.
EMBO has awarded 10 life science researchers with Installation Grants to relocate and establish research groups in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. The grants aim to support talented young scientists and help reverse talent loss from these countries.
The Air Force Office of Scientific Research has selected ten universities to design and build small satellites in a competition. The winning project will receive additional funding for completion and be launched on a future space mission.
A recent review of cannabis extract, Sativex, found limited trial data and a lack of comparison to other treatments, casting doubt on its effectiveness for managing multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms. The review also highlighted the high cost of Sativex compared to other MS medications.
Tropical montane cloud forest trees have been found to absorb water directly through their leaves from clouds, providing a crucial survival mechanism in foggy areas. However, the disappearance of these clouds due to climate change may render this adaptation useless for the ecosystem's survival.
Researchers developing geo-electric technology aim to enhance seismic monitoring of CO2 injection, allowing for better tracking of the gas's movement. The technique has the potential to increase safety and public acceptance of carbon sequestration operations.
A new study by University of Warwick economists reveals that lobbyists' revenues fall by 24% when their former employer leaves government office, highlighting the significant value of personal connections in US politics. The research uses public directories to quantify the impact of these connections on lobbyist earnings.
Researchers train honey bees to associate textured surfaces with sugar water, allowing them to analyze how antennal movement corresponds to tactile pattern recognition. The study provides insight into the complex behavior of honey bees and their use of active motion for sensory information.
Researchers found that body-movement synchronization increases after short cooperative training, indicating a measurable indicator of social interaction. This study may provide a powerful tool for identifying neural underpinnings of social interactions and impaired interactions like autism.
The 'Smart stethoscope' assesses the effectiveness of shock wave lithotripsy treatment for kidney stones by analyzing echoes after each shock wave hits the stone. This device has been shown to achieve high accuracy (94.7%) in clinical trials, reducing the need for repeat therapy and x-ray monitoring.
Astronomers have detected radio-emitting jets from a stellar-mass black hole outside our galaxy, providing insight into extreme accretion rates. The discovery sheds light on the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources and their connection to black hole binaries.
Researchers identified a previously unidentified virus in raccoons that may be contributing to the development of brain tumors. The study found that this virus, dubbed raccoon polyomavirus, is present in all affected animals and may play a role in tumor formation.
Researchers have developed a method to expand umbilical cord blood cells on mesenchymal precursor cells, speeding up the establishment of a new blood supply in patients. This approach has shown faster engraftment of white blood cells and platelets, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that liberals and conservatives hold correct but exaggerated moral stereotypes about each other's views. The study suggests that liberals and conservatives are more similar in their moral judgments than previously thought.
A team of scientists has identified a new solution to an astrophysical phenomenon using laser experiments, shedding light on the discrepancy between observations and theoretical predictions. The research paves the way for future X-ray astrophysics research using free-electron lasers.
Major pharmaceutical companies are losing patents on best-selling drugs, leading to a focus on pairing low costs with high quality and exploring new research partnerships. This shift is raising hopes for new drugs and profits in the industry as it seeks innovative solutions to revitalize sales.
Researchers at Arizona State University propose a novel approach to the origins of life, focusing on the 'software' - information content. The study suggests that life is characterized by its unique use of information, providing a roadmap for identifying criteria for emergence. This approach moves away from chemical-based approaches, w...
A collaborative research effort has pinpointed the genetic footprint that links fragile X syndrome and autism. The findings identify at least 93 genes controlled by the fragile X mental retardation protein, which are also linked to other neurologic syndromes.
A study published in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment found that delaying childbirth for at least 15 years after the first menstrual period can reduce the risk of triple-negative breast cancer by up to 60%. Breastfeeding is also associated with a protective effect against this aggressive form of breast cancer.
Researchers discovered that FAIM can affect cancer cell proliferation and silencing its expression destroys myeloma cells. Higher levels of FAIM correlate with poorer survival outcomes, making it a useful biomarker for multiple myeloma patients.
A team of Caltech astronomers used NASA's Hubble Space Telescope to discover seven primitive and distant galaxies, existing 13 billion years ago. The galaxies formed during the 'cosmic dawn' period, with their numbers steadily increasing over time, supporting the idea that first galaxies didn't form in a sudden burst.
A new study suggests that age affects treatment outcomes for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Researchers found that optimal therapy differs between younger and older patients, with CD20 antibody therapies showing promise as front-line treatment for all CLL patients regardless of age.
A detailed analysis of Bonaire sediments suggests a 3,300-year-old tsunami changed the coastal ecosystem and sedimentation patterns. The study reveals overwash deposits consistent with a tsunami event, highlighting the long-term ecological significance of this single catastrophic event.
A $21,000 grant will enable Mercyhurst researcher Steven Mauro to study the role of temperature and phosphorus on bacterial survival on algae in the Great Lakes. The research aims to better understand how global warming and phosphorus loading contribute to bacterial pathogens in recreational waters.
The University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science graduate student won a video contest recognizing her pioneering work on bio-acoustics and larval fish navigation. The award highlights the importance of science communication, with Erica co-directing a marine science film festival.
University of Notre Dame biochemist Anthony S. Serianni's research provides new perspectives on sugar breakdown in the human body, particularly for diabetic patients. The study discovered an unexpected reaction pathway involving a novel rearrangement of the carbon backbone, undermining prevailing assumptions about sugar degradation.
A clinical trial by NIH found that AZD6765 briefly improved depression symptoms in minutes, with fewer side effects than ketamine, and better residual effects.
A clinical trial has shown that a diuretic can reduce the severity of autistic disorders in three-quarters of children. The treatment, which involves administering bumetanide to children with autism or Asperger's syndrome, has been found to improve symptoms such as social interaction and communication.
Research published in PLOS ONE reveals that extinct human microbes from archeological sites closely resemble those found in present-day rural African communities. The study suggests that the modern cosmopolitan lifestyle resulted in a dramatic change to the human gut microbiome.
Research finds that people with a small social network and deep ties are more well-off when economic conditions are unstable, while those with a broad social network and weak ties do better in economically favorable contexts. Participants who had a narrow, deep friendship strategy reported greater well-being than those who had a broad,...
Regional climate models project warmer temperatures and wetter winters in the Northeast US by 2070, with temperatures rising 2-3 degrees C and winter precipitation increasing 12-15%. However, confidence in spring, summer, and autumn precipitation changes is lower.
NTU scientists developed a fish-inspired sensor that uses water pressure and computer vision technology to create a 3D image of nearby objects, mapping its surroundings. This affordable sensor can potentially replace expensive cameras and sonars on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles.
A two-year study tracked elephant migration patterns to identify essential habitats for conservation. The study finds that male and female elephants share only a quarter of their ranges due to varying tolerances towards people.
Geologist Gregory Retallack proposes that ancient Ediacaran fossils, dated to 542-635 million years ago, were remnants of land-dwelling lichen or microbial colonies. The fossils are preserved in iron-colored impressions similar to plant fossils and microbes in fossil soils.
The European Science Foundation published a report calling for an advanced understanding of the human brain, highlighting five key opportunities for research. The initiative aims to provide a framework for discussion on future research and practice in light of changes in our understanding of the brain.
A study found that spending four days in nature, disconnected from electronic devices, improves creative problem-solving skills by 50%. The researchers used the Remote Associates Test to measure creativity and found significant benefits among participants.
Tropical Storm Evan has caused regional warnings to be posted in American Samoa and Fiji, with a gale warning and storm watch in effect. The strongest thunderstorms are located around the center of circulation and in a band of thunderstorms north and east of the center.
A team of astronomers discovered a 'missing link' of black holes in the Andromeda galaxy, shedding light on bright X-ray sources and ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The findings confirm that these ULXs are normal, everyday black holes with masses around ten times that of the Sun.
Research found that both men and women prefer female candidates with masculine voices, regardless of the leadership role. The results suggest that voice pitch can influence perceptions of leadership capacity across different domains.
A team of investigators has identified a previously unknown mechanism regulating oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), a natural response to tumor development. Down-regulation of deoxyribonucleoside pools causes DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest and senescence. Restoration of depleted dNTP pools can suppress DNA damage and OIS.
Researchers analyzed chromosome changes in sea cradles, revealing a karyotype of 2n=24 chromosomes with biarmed elements. The study proposes that fusion among uniarmed elements drove this change in the Acanthochitonina suborder.
Scientists have discovered that a specific region of the brain, the ventral tegmental area, plays a key role in both inducing and relieving depression-like symptoms. By controlling this region with light stimulation, researchers were able to reverse depressed states in mice, providing new hope for future treatments.
Researchers in Ghent have identified a new mutation in the CTNNA3 gene associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), a hereditary heart condition that can lead to sudden cardiac death. The discovery could improve ARVC screening by including the CTNNA3 gene in genetic tests.
A new Dream Team project, Immunologic Checkpoint Blockade and Adoptive Cell Transfer in Cancer Therapy, aims to expand and optimize combinations of two novel immunotherapies. The team will unite laboratory and clinical efforts to develop durable responses in patients suffering from various types of cancer.
Researchers analyzed fatty acids from ancient pottery to find the earliest direct evidence for cheese-making in Northern Europe. The study revealed that dairy products were processed in ceramic vessels with sieves resembling modern cheese-strainers.
Michigan State University researchers have identified a unique protein that regulates cell growth and controls excessive cell proliferation. The study focuses on Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor proteins, which use controlled destruction to perform their jobs, highlighting new potential ways to treat cancer.
Scientists have discovered a wealth of new antibiotic substances in the skin of the Russian Brown frog, expanding on previous findings to identify 76 additional compounds with potential medical activity.
Scientists have used an X-ray laser to measure atomic processes in extreme plasmas, revealing a surprising finding: collisions with electrons are not a factor in reducing X-ray signals. This discovery challenges existing models and paves the way for future research using free-electron lasers.
A new Northwestern University study reveals that female faculty in STEM fields face a significant productivity gap, with lower publication rates and fewer resources. The researchers found that disciplines requiring more resources have a wider gap, suggesting historical unequal investment in female faculty may be the root cause.
Researchers have developed a novel method for screening ALK fusions in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that is sensitive, specific, and economical. The new test offers a high-throughput and cost-effective screening modality compared to existing tests.
Astronomers have discovered a previously unseen population of seven primitive galaxies that formed more than 13 billion years ago. The galaxies were observed using Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 in near-infrared light, allowing researchers to study the early universe.
Experts predict solar power prices will continue falling through 2025, expanding greatly in the process. Continued commitment to research and development is crucial for long-term trends to sustain themselves.