A recent study found that radiation therapy after lumpectomy can help prevent mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer patients, particularly those with high-grade tumors. The research, published in the Journal Cancer, contradicts current national treatment guidelines.
Researchers identified two oncogenes, FAM83A and B, that allow breast cancer cells to survive tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Increased expression of FAM83A enhances proliferation and invasion, while decreased expression delays tumor growth and renders cancer cells sensitive to TKIs.
A new study has found that patients taking thiazolidinedione (TZD) diabetes drugs are two to three times more likely to develop bladder cancer than those who took sulfonylurea drugs. The risk is especially high among Type 2 diabetes patients, with 170 expected cases per 100,000 treated with TZDs.
A new technology produced by Oregon State University can generate up to 50 times more electricity per volume than most other approaches, opening the door to a future in which waste treatment plants power themselves and sell excess electricity. The new approach effectively cleans wastewater while producing significant amounts of electri...
A multicenter observational study found that Black patients with the V122I mutation have a median survival time of 26 months after diagnosis, with declining heart function and quality of life. The study establishes an increased risk of death from cardiac amyloidosis among carriers of this mutation, particularly after age 60.
Researchers at UT Dallas developed a novel method to visualize and study DNA looping, a biological process involved in rearranging genetic material. The 'tag and track' technique sheds light on the intermediate steps of DNA loop formation and may lead to more efficient drug screening methods for HIV.
The American College of Physicians recommends against routine screening for age-related hearing loss due to insufficient evidence on benefits and harms. For schizophrenia, there is little research to support the use of second-generation antipsychotics over first-generation drugs.
A recent Texas A&M University study reveals that hurricanes can intensify by 50% faster when passing over large areas of fresh water, making them more devastating. The research analyzed Tropical Cyclones for the decade 1998-2007 and found a significant correlation between freshwater regions and increased storm intensity.
Researchers found that when hurricanes blow over ocean regions swamped by fresh water, the conditions can intensify the storm. This results in a 50 percent increase in intensity, which can lead to much larger destruction and death.
Scientists at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute found a molecule that promotes tumor vessel maturation, which could improve the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. By boosting R-Ras activity, researchers aim to normalize blood vessel structure and function in tumors, enabling better drug delivery.
A recent study published in Nature Neuroscience has found that external stimulation can impact the development of white matter in the postnatal brain. Researchers used sensory deprivation to examine the growth and collection of NG2-expressing oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which generate myelin around neurons.
A study from the University of Wisconsin-Madison uses computational approach to determine individual predictability in group conflict. The research proposes a novel estimate of 'cognitive burden,' or minimal amount of information needed to make predictions, using sparse coding principles.
Research at the University of Missouri found that college-age individuals prioritize appearance over health when it comes to their bodies. The study, which included focus groups and in-depth interviews, highlights the impact of conflicting media messages on body image and nutrition.
A cluster randomized trial found that pay for performance improved demonstration of competency in treatment delivery and increased the number of patients receiving targeted treatment procedures. However, no statistically significant difference was found in patient remission status between the two groups.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new X-ray imaging technique that enables non-destructive 3D visualization of material surfaces. This breakthrough expands the range of X-ray research possible for biology, nanotechnology, and photonics.
NASA's GOES Project provides a complete view of the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Ocean basins. As of August 13, the Atlantic tropics are quieter, with fewer low-pressure areas than the previous week. Tropical Storm Hector in the east Pacific is weakening due to wind shear.
University of Warwick scientists have discovered a way to replace up to 50% of chocolate's fat content with fruit juice without compromising its texture or taste. The new method, known as Pickering emulsion, uses tiny droplets of juice measuring under 30 microns in diameter to create a lower-fat chocolate product.
New experiments show graphene reacts chemically and electrically differently depending on the substrate material, allowing for patterned surfaces with varying chemical behavior. This discovery enables the creation of microarrays of sensors and potential protective coatings for materials.
A new study found that female hide beetles (Dermestes maculatus) are attracted to cadavers by a combination of cadaver odour and male sex pheromones. The females only respond when both the odor and pheromones are present, optimizing their chances of reproductive success.
Researchers found that people's overconfidence is driven by their desire for social status, which leads to better performance in groups and more admiration from peers. In organizational settings, this can result in incompetent individuals being promoted due to displays of confidence.
Research led by the University of Sheffield aims to improve treatment for babies lacking cortisol, a critical stress hormone. A new hydrocortisone preparation is being developed specifically for neonates and infants, addressing current challenges in administering medication.
Researchers at Clemson University have developed optical fibers using highly purified silica and sapphire, pushing the limits of current fiber technology. The goal is to create stronger and more durable fiber material for telecommunications and high-energy applications.
Researchers studied Apartment Therapy website for insights into consumer behavior, finding that reading and imitating decor can shape personal style and boundaries. Through a tripartite process of problematization, instrumentalization, and ritualization, consumers develop standards for cool design choices.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discover leukoaraiosis is a disease that alters brain function, affecting language processing and network activity. Moderate levels of the condition lead to decreased activation in key areas, while high blood pressure may also play a role.
A new study reveals that protected areas are crucial habitats for animal species to colonize and thrive as they migrate towards the poles. The research analyzed millions of records from citizen scientists and found that nature reserves are 4 times more likely to be colonized than expected, providing vital refuges against climate change.
Tropical Storm Kai-tak is affecting the northern Philippines with warnings in effect. The storm is expected to make landfall north of Hong Kong on August 16 and will pass through the Luzon Strait.
Scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center recorded a coronal mass ejection traveling at unprecedented speeds using data from the STEREO spacecraft. The event produced a strong magnetic field and intense solar radiation, offering insights into the causes of space weather events.
Regular egg yolk consumption accelerates atherosclerosis in a manner similar to smoking cigarettes, according to a new study published in the journal Atherosclerosis. The research found that those eating three or more yolks per week had significantly more plaque area than those who ate two or fewer yolks per week.
The National Hartford Centers of Gerontological Nursing Excellence has awarded over $1.38 million in grants to support postdoctoral research training, mentorship, and career development for new fellows and scholars. These highly skilled individuals will strengthen the knowledge base in areas such as family caregiving, home health and h...
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have developed new polymers resistant to bacterial attachment, reducing biofilm formation and infection rates. The breakthrough could lead to a significant reduction in hospital infections and medical device failures, with initial results showing up to 96.7% reduction in bacteria.
Researchers from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência describe the steps involved in making a motile flagellum in fruit fly sperm cells. The process involves the formation of a critical protein structure called the central microtubule pair, essential for coordinated movement.
The University of Delaware is part of a $2.5 million NIH-funded project to create artificial salivary glands. Researchers hope to develop new solutions for Xerostomia, a side effect of radiation treatment for head and neck cancers. The project involves developing hydrogels that can guide salivary cells to form functional glands.
The Australian government has created the world's first continent-wide mineral maps using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection (ASTER) data. These maps provide highly accurate information on rock and soil mineral components, revolutionizing the search for mineral deposits.
A study published in Pediatrics found a strong association between persistent and loud snoring in young children and problem behaviors such as hyperactivity, depression, and inattention. The study suggests that doctors should routinely screen for and track snoring in children from poorer families to prevent preschool behavior problems.
A team of researchers at the University of Missouri is working on a $5.4 million grant project to develop non-food biofuel crops that can thrive in marginal land without affecting food production. The goal is to produce 6-8 billion gallons of liquid fuel annually, with minimal impact on the food supply.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that a modification of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN is associated with resistance to glioblastoma treatments. The research suggests that targeting PTEN modification could lead to improved treatment outcomes for patients with glioblastoma.
Researchers at NIST have accelerated beryllium ions to 100 miles per hour and controlled their deceleration, demonstrating precision control of fast acceleration and sudden stops. This breakthrough enables faster transport of ions, a crucial step in quantum computing, reducing processing overhead and improving overall performance.
A pre-cracked parallel-plate capacitor model is developed to analyze the role of electrostatic tractions in fracture and electric sticking behaviors. The study reveals a new fracture criterion based on energy release rate and crack opening, showing bifurcation behavior between mechanical and electric displacements.
Wolters Kluwer Health has renewed its partnership with the American Academy of Neurology to publish Neurology, Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology, Neurology Today, Neurology Now, and Neurology Clinical Practice. The AAN journals have won multiple publishing awards and are widely recognized for their value in the field.
A study by researchers at the University of Cambridge suggests that common ancestry, not hybridisation, better explains the average 1-4 per cent DNA shared between Eurasians and Neanderthals. Genetic evidence shows that Africans have almost none of the Neanderthal genome.
Researchers have discovered a new method to predict solar flares by measuring gamma radiation emitted when atoms decay. The system could provide up to 2-day advance warning, allowing operators to minimize impact and astronauts to shield themselves from lethal radiation.
Researchers found that intervening on behalf of a victim can reduce bullying rates in humans' evolutionary past, leading to greater cooperation, empathy, and egalitarian moral values. This finding supports prior studies showing lower bullying rates in Scandinavian countries.
Researchers have identified two related oncogenes, FAM83A and B, which enable breast cancer cells to survive treatment with EGFR TKIs. Expression of these genes in human tumors is correlated with decreased overall survival.
Consuming cocoa flavanol-rich products daily may improve memory and cognition in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Researchers found significant improvements in cognitive scores, insulin resistance, blood pressure, and oxidative stress for those drinking high and intermediate levels of flavanols.
A new algorithm using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T values can quickly classify patients as either likely to have a heart attack or not, reducing the need for prolonged monitoring. The strategy has been shown to be safe and accurate, ruling-out or ruling-in heart attacks within one hour in 77% of patients with acute chest pain.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have identified a new oncogene, FAM83B, which contributes to the development of breast cancer. Elevated expression of this gene is associated with the more aggressive triple-negative subgroup, highlighting the need for new therapeutic options.
Research finds that bifidobacteria can process complex glycans linked to proteins in breast milk, providing a new source of energy for at-risk infants. The discovery could lead to the development of probiotics to support premature or malnourished children.
Researchers found that 2,3-pentanedione, a butter flavoring in microwave popcorn, causes respiratory toxicity and alters gene expression in the brain of rats. Acute exposure has airway epithelium damage similar to diacetyl, which caused bronchiolitis obliterans in workers.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have developed injectable hydrogels that can deliver therapeutics for up to six months, doubling current maximum release time. These hydrogels contain proteins or other therapeutics and are capable of controlled release rate according to material ratio.
The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and National Science Foundation (NSF) have awarded $4.5 million to support digital documentation of endangered languages. This funding will enable researchers to develop tools, create digital archives, and train the next generation of linguists.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine discovered that an enzyme called HDAC2 is involved in reducing the efficacy of antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenic patients. The team found that inhibiting HDAC2 can improve therapeutic effects of antipsychotics and prevent drug resistance.
Scientists have identified genetic alterations underlying a high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that can be effectively targeted with existing leukemia therapies. The study suggests patients with Ph-like ALL may benefit from the addition of imatinib and dasatinib to current chemotherapy regimens.
Researchers developed a targeted antisense approach to treat toxoplasmosis, reducing viable parasites by over 90% in mice. The therapy combines short nucleic acid strands with peptides to disrupt genetic signals, with potential applications in non-parasitic diseases.
Researchers at MDC Berlin-Buch have identified a critical enzyme, PI3K, that enables c-MYC to transform B lymphocytes into malignant cells. This finding may lead to effective treatments by inhibiting the PI3K signaling pathway.
A blood test detecting high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may guide treatment for advanced kidney cancer, extending survival and improving outcomes for patients. Researchers found that LDH levels can predict the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus in treating late-stage kidney cancer.
Researchers found that consumers perceive greater risk when prices involve non-monetary costs, such as time or information privacy. Businesses must strike a risk balance when combining different pricing structures.
Researchers have successfully derived human embryonic stem cells from frozen embryos after 18 years of storage. This breakthrough provides a valuable alternative source of ES cells for drug screening and medical research.
A Mayo Clinic physiologist argues that lack of exercise should be treated as a medical condition, rather than just a cause or symptom of other health problems. This approach could lead to the development of treatments and public health measures to promote physical activity and limit sedentary behavior.
A study published in CMAJ found that fluoroquinolone antibiotics, particularly moxifloxacin and levofloxacin, are linked to a higher risk of acute liver injury in older adults. The research suggests these drugs should be subject to regulatory warnings due to their potential harm.
An international research team used supercomputers to analyze millions of data points and identified a complex pattern of genetic and environmental risk factors influencing congenital heart development. The findings could lead to more efficient diagnosis and treatment of the condition.
A USC study found that poor oral health is connected to lower academic performance and more absences from school for disadvantaged kids. Children with tooth pain were four times more likely to have a low GPA, and dental problems caused an average of 2.1 days of missed school per year.
Latrepirdine, a compound initially rejected for Alzheimer's treatment, shows promise in animal models by reducing neurodegeneration-related proteins and activating autophagy. The study suggests potential benefits in treating or preventing disorders associated with high levels of alpha-synuclein.
A phase 2 trial shows vandetanib significantly improves progression-free survival and disease control rate for patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer, particularly those with papillary thyroid cancer. However, increased toxicities were observed.
Researchers have identified a cellular pathway for the effects of alpha hydroxyl acids on keratinocytes, leading to skin exfoliation. The study reveals that glycolic acid triggers an acidic environment within cells, activating the TRPV3 ion channel and causing calcium ion overload, resulting in cell death.
A study found that deeply held religious beliefs are leading to futile care for sick children, causing needless suffering. Doctors argue that parental hopes of a 'miraculous intervention' should not override the child's best interests.
A new method allows for personalized clinical trial predictions by analyzing cell behavior, offering ways to improve cancer treatment outcomes and predict tumor response. The approach may enable oncologists to test combinations of targeted therapies in individual patient tumors.
A study found that triclosan impairs muscle contractions at a cellular level, slowing swimming in fish and reducing muscular strength in mice. The researchers also observed significant reductions in heart function measures and grip strength in mice exposed to the chemical.
A team of researchers from the University of Iowa has identified Gadd45a as a key culprit causing muscle atrophy, reprogramming hundreds of genes that ultimately lead to muscle deterioration. The protein affects muscles in two main ways: instructing cells to produce fewer proteins and causing existing proteins to break down.
A new study published in Cancer found that radiation after lumpectomy significantly reduced the risk of needing a mastectomy in older women with early-stage breast cancer. Radiation was shown to be beneficial for patients with high-grade tumors, while those with non-high grade tumors did not derive as much benefit.
UCI astrophysicists analyze NASA data suggesting gamma rays could be evidence of dark matter particles annihilating each other. The observation is consistent with leading theories for dark matter and its presumed presence at galactic centers.
Researchers have identified an experimental drug, GSIs, that blocks Notch and prevents lung cancer growth in mice without treatment-related side effects. This discovery brings new clues for the treatment of lung cancer and is being tested in co-clinical trials.
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered a gene called HLX that is over-expressed in leukemia stem cells, leading to the development of abnormal white blood cells. Targeting elevated HLX expression may be a promising novel strategy for treating acute myeloid leukemia.
Researchers uncover chromosomal translocations that cause cancer, potentially leading to targeted therapies and personalized treatment. The study's findings may enable doctors to offer more accurate prognoses and inform treatment decisions.