A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that natural birth triggers the expression of a protein called UCP2 in the brains of newborns, improving brain development and function in adulthood. In contrast, C-sections impaired UCP2 expression, leading to reduced hippocampal neuron development and related behaviors.
Researchers identified a previously unknown subtype of Ewing sarcoma with genetic factors related to long-term survival. A specific gene change between primary and metastatic stages may lead to better treatment.
A phase I clinical trial confirms that a generic vaccine can kill autoimmune cells targeting insulin-secreting cells, temporarily restoring insulin production in patients with type 1 diabetes. The treatment pathway has been validated in humans and shows early evidence of effectiveness.
Researchers found that kids with less brain activation initially were at greater risk for becoming heavy drinkers. Heavy drinking was linked to increased brain activity during memory tests, particularly among those who consumed four or more drinks per occasion.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that increased stress in men is associated with a preference for female body sizes ranging from normal to overweight. The researchers discovered that stressed men rated normal weight and overweight figures more highly than non-stressed men.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine found that mini-courses on humanities topics can sharpen critical thinking skills and improve job satisfaction among physicians. The courses provided an opportunity for intellectual and social 'play,' fostering workplace satisfaction and creative, innovative thinking.
A CU-Boulder-led research team has discovered a new chemical compound in Earth's atmosphere that reacts with sulfur dioxide to form sulfuric acid, which impacts climate and human health. The newly found oxidant affects the atmospheric sulfur cycle and may explain recent cooling trends in parts of the southeastern United States.
Research reveals substantial variation in stocks of essential antidotes at UK acute hospitals, with many lacking critical medicines for life-threatening poisonings. Only half of hospitals stock all recommended antidotes, highlighting a concerning gap in care.
A new study finds that magazine ads with high youth readership are more likely to violate industry guidelines. The researchers analyzed over 1,200 ads and found nearly one in five contained sexual connotations or objectification.
Researchers discovered that certain types of bacteria form biofilms on filters, breaking off into drinking water due to pH levels. Simple changes to filter cleaning and water pH can shift the balance towards beneficial bacteria, potentially improving water quality.
Researchers are developing a mathematical model designed to help explain how financial shocks spread across the global economy. The model, funded by the NSF, aims to provide early warnings of potential crises and inform policy makers' responses.
Researchers at Drexel University are working on designing a hybrid network-on-chip that uses both antennas and wired interconnections to optimize communication speed. This new chip will provide a more robust platform for high-performance computing applications, such as multi-core processors and 3D chip design.
A combination of naltrexone and buprenorphine has shown promise in reducing cocaine craving and blunting withdrawal symptoms in laboratory rats. This potential therapy, if proven safe and effective, would be a significant advance in treating cocaine addiction, which currently lacks FDA-approved medications.
A new MIT study suggests that the protein SIRT1 plays a crucial role in protecting against metabolic disorders linked to high-fat diets, including diabetes. When given a high-fat diet, mice lacking SIRT1 developed metabolic disorders much sooner than normal mice, highlighting its potential as a safeguard against obesity-linked diseases.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found an association between depression and peripheral artery disease. The researchers discovered that patients who were depressed at the beginning of the study had a higher likelihood of developing PAD during follow-up. Lifestyle modifications such as being more...
Wild meerkats employed nine separate learning processes to solve a foraging task, with social factors drawing them in and asocial processes aiding solution. This study provides insight into the relationship between social learning mechanisms and cultural development.
The three-year ITaaU Network+ project aims to provide simple, safe, and usable IT services through smart technologies and information stores. Researchers will examine barriers to new users and develop collaborative research initiatives.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that hyenas that tried multiple solutions and took risks were more successful in solving a steel puzzle box. The study suggests that large brains may enable hyenas to think flexibly and come up with novel solutions.
Researchers at Bangor University discovered a switch in cells that helps kill tumors with heat, which combines with an anti-cancer drug to treat localized cancers. The novel protein produced by heat modulates survival systems, and its discovery may improve heat-treatment of cancer for patients.
A study published in the journal Brain found that episodes of delirium increase the risk of developing new dementia eight-fold in older patients. Delirium also worsens the severity of dementia and accelerates cognitive decline in those already diagnosed with dementia.
A recent study published in Health Education and Behavior found that most exergames provide only light-to-moderate intensity physical activity, which is insufficient to meet daily exercise recommendations. However, the games can be useful for certain populations, such as seniors or those with more suitable fitness levels.
A University of Michigan study found that tiny, freeloading clams form strong commensal relationships with larger hosts in soft-bottom habitats, allowing them to access previously unavailable habitats and thrive. This adaptation is associated with the evolution of megadiverse marine biodiversity.
The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) has released its first public data, providing spectra for 535,995 galaxies, 102,100 quasars, and 116,474 stars. This dataset will help track the universe's expansion history, probing gravity and dark energy.
A new method of delivering trastuzumab via subcutaneous injection has been found to be as effective as traditional intravenous delivery, with similar pathologic complete response rates. This could simplify breast cancer treatment, saving time for patients and reducing hospital dependence.
The discovery sheds light on early human evolution, providing a clearer picture of what our direct ancestral species looked like. The new fossils reveal that two species of Homo coexisted with Homo erectus between 1.78 and 1.95 million years ago.
Acetylated wood, a new form of sustainable wood, has been developed using a back-to-the-future technology that permanently expands cell walls to resist water absorption. The material has similar properties to modern construction materials but a smaller carbon footprint.
Pregnant women experiencing depression may benefit from mindfulness yoga, which can significantly reduce depressive symptoms and improve attachment to their babies. This study provides promising evidence that yoga could be an effective alternative to pharmaceutical treatment for pregnant women showing signs of depression.
Heavy rainfall and high thunderstorms are expected from NASA's observations of Tropical Storm Ernesto, with estimated totals of 12 inches in isolated areas. The storm's center is surrounded by strong storms, producing cloud top temperatures as cold as -63F (-52C).
A new study highlights the importance of frequent and coordinated communication between healthcare providers and family members who make decisions for hospitalized older adults with impaired cognition. Surrogate decision-makers crave detailed information, emotional support, and regular updates from clinicians to alleviate stress and an...
A recent study published in Men and Masculinities journal found that men who regularly visit sex workers often develop feelings of romance and love. Clients share private feelings and desires with providers, blurring the lines between physical and emotional intimacy.
Scientists have developed proteins that can destroy chemical warfare agents up to 15,000 times more effectively than their natural counterparts. The new substances have potential uses in protecting soldiers and others from nerve gas attacks.
A new study at the University of Chicago found that teacher incentives can improve student academic performance. When teachers received a bonus upfront with conditions attached, students showed a significant gain of up to 10 percentiles in their scores compared to those without such incentives.
Babies born to obese mothers are at higher risk of complications and death, including admission to neonatal care, macrosomia, low Apgar score, and mortality. The study highlights the urgent need for research into the causes of death and strategies for educating women on maintaining a healthy weight during pregnancy.
A new study found that boys are more vulnerable to the negative effects of prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos, a common insecticide. The research, published in Neurotoxicology and Teratology, also revealed that parental nurturing can improve working memory in both boys and girls.
A new study found that Tai Chi can improve exercise capacity and quality of life in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study, published in the European Respiratory Journal, suggests that Sun-style Tai chi may be as beneficial as pulmonary rehabilitation.
Researchers successfully developed a highly effective vaccine against the deadly Nipah virus, which has shown complete protection in African green monkeys with no evidence of disease. The vaccine, known as Hendra-sG, is a recombinant piece of the virus produced in the laboratory and can be used safely for human treatment.
A recent study found that diverse grasslands can tolerate increased periods of drought and climate change due to the presence of drought-resistant species. This diversity allows grasslands to maintain their ecological functions, including carbon sequestration, food sources for grazing animals, and temperature regulation.
Researchers found that specialized cichlid swim bladder extensions improve hearing by detecting higher sound frequencies, while the size of the swim bladder also plays a crucial role. The study investigated 1,300 cichlid species with varying swim bladder morphologies.
Tropical Storm Haikui made landfall in Zhejiang province, China, on August 8, bringing heavy rainfall with totals of up to 17 inches. The NASA Aqua satellite captured an image of the storm, showing an organized tropical storm with high thunderstorms casting shadows on surrounding clouds.
Researchers found no statistically significant difference in mortality rates among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were exposed to adalimumab, etanercept, or infliximab. The study of RA patients in Sweden compared overall mortality rates among those treated with individual TNF inhibitors.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered that magnetic vortex formations in ferromagnetic nanodisks exhibit asymmetric behavior, breaking the symmetry required for vortex-based data storage devices. This finding challenges the potential application of these vortices in non-volatile Random Access Memory (RAM) systems.
New research suggests that Barack Obama's image is shaped by the ideals of John F. Kennedy, reflecting a presidential legacy of elegance, sophistication, and success. The study explores how Obama's self-presentation is influenced by Kennedy's iconic imagery, including the cover of Rolling Stone magazine.
A new prediction model for long-term functional outcomes after traumatic spinal cord injury is presented, combining acute functional measures with imaging factors. The model has the potential to guide treatment decisions and improve patient care.
A University of Alberta-led research team found that late spring snowfalls are delaying the emergence of Columbian ground squirrels by 10 days, reducing their opportunity to eat and survive. The study shows a 20% decline in adult female survival rates due to this delay.
A University of Alabama graduate student rediscovered the Oblong Rocksnail, a freshwater snail declared extinct in 2000, in the Cahaba River. The species' range has been dramatically shortened due to pollution and habitat degradation, making it vulnerable to extinction.
Researchers found that moles' SOX9 expression occurs sooner in hands than feet, allowing for stronger forelegs and enlarged digging front paws. This adaptation enabled moles to thrive underground, with specialized features such as Os falciforme.
The UK hotel industry is alive with innovation, introducing new technologies and designs to improve customer service. Hotels are adopting sustainable practices, incorporating recycled materials and energy-efficient systems, to reduce their environmental impact.
A new study published in Military Medicine reveals that 22 of 28 NATO nations do not use animal laboratories for military medical training. Officials prefer non-animal methods, such as lifelike human simulators, due to legal prohibitions and the superiority of simulation technology.
Researchers found evidence of domestication at an ancient Mayan site in Guatemala, suggesting the Mexican turkey was introduced to the region around 300 B.C. The discovery has significant consequences for understanding Maya subsistence and animal exchange with other cultures.
Researchers found that just one week of speech therapy can help reduce stuttering by reorganizing the brain. The therapy involved repeating words and reading visually presented words, leading to improved scores on stuttering tests.
Scientists have developed a new method to study how the immune system interacts with bacteria during chronic infections. The method uses 5 mm silicone tubes and combines light microscopy and electron microscopy to visualize the interaction between white blood cells and bacteria.
A team of scientists proposes a new theory of evolution that combines emergent fitness landscape and curl flux to explain evolutionary dynamics. The theory provides a physical foundation for general evolution dynamics, offering insights into the Red Queen Hypothesis and the benefits of sexual reproduction.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a DNA 'genetic code' that can shape gold nanoparticles into various forms, such as hexagons, stars, and discs. The code is based on the sequence of four DNA bases - A, T, G, and C - which bind to different facets of gold nanoseeds and direct their growth pathways.
A study by the University of Southampton found that beaver dams can have both negative and positive effects on fish populations. While beaver activities can temporarily impede fish movement and reduce spawning habitat, they also increase habitat diversity and abundance of invertebrates, benefiting fish.
A new study found correlations between micronutrient levels and performance on physical fitness tests in adolescents. Hemoglobin, retinol, and vitamin C were positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, while hemoglobin and beta-carotene were linked to muscular fitness.
The University of Leicester is set to receive a significant boost in cardiovascular research thanks to a record-breaking £7 million donation. This major gift will support the creation of a unique UK facility for cardiovascular science and enable researchers to develop novel tools for clinical use, ultimately benefiting patients.
A study found that rheumatoid arthritis patients are four times more likely to develop gum disease, with severe cases associated with increased inflammatory markers and antibodies. Gum disease in these patients may contribute to the development and maintenance of systemic inflammation.
Archaeological tools from an ancient site outside Jerusalem provide insights into land use patterns and sustainable resource management during extreme climate change. The study, published in PLOS ONE, suggests that Neolithic humans adapted to changing environments by clearing forests for fields and grazing lands.
Researchers found that people agree more with claims when a photo is displayed, regardless of its accuracy. This phenomenon, known as 'truthiness,' has important implications for situations where people are influenced by visual cues.
The study reveals that horizontal convective rolls affected fire behaviour, introducing variability in wind, temperature, and humidity conditions. This new understanding has the potential to improve fire management and warning systems, providing a better guide for public warning systems and firefighting resources.