A study by the University of Leeds found that older adults tend to stay in the middle lane while driving, an adaptive strategy that helps them stay safe. This tendency is linked to their reduced motor skills due to aging.
A QUT research team is developing a GPS-based system to aid Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in making safer emergency landings. The system will incorporate a camera to pinpoint safe landing options, such as fields or roads, and help pilots navigate away from populated areas.
A new genre of medical imaging technology uses optical techniques to peer below the skin and through muscle and bone, revealing body structures. Devices such as blood vessel mappers and cancer detectors are already in use or in development, providing non-invasive views for diagnosis and study.
A recent study published by the Technical University of Munich found no evidence to support the theory that fish oil consumption during pregnancy prevents excessive infant adipose tissue growth. The INFAT study, which monitored 208 expectant mothers and their children for over a year, showed no difference in infant adipose tissue growt...
A global study on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) reveals increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The study found that IBD affects individuals in their most productive years of life, resulting in significant healthcare costs.
A statewide survey will help assess the pediatric emergency readiness of hospital emergency departments in California and beyond. The project aims to determine what resources hospitals are lacking to treat young patients and how they can acquire them.
Researchers discovered that male wolf spiders eavesdrop on rival males' courtship signals to improve their chances of mating. The study found that experienced spiders are more likely to exhibit this 'signal matching' behavior.
Researchers found that a new vaccine was partially effective at preventing genital herpes disease caused by HSV-1, with significant protection offered to some women. However, the vaccine did not protect women from genital disease caused by HSV-2.
A new study recommends using the body mass index (BMI) method to calculate expected body weights in children with eating disorders. The research found that this method is more accurate than others and can account for varying heights and weights, making it a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers.
Researchers have developed a technology that reduces air pollutant emissions from chicken and swine barns by up to 79% while recovering heat. The system uses biofiltration and heat exchangers to temper fresh air and generate heat, reducing energy consumption.
Research at Pompeii counters previous theories that tombs were abandoned due to garbage, suggesting people continued to maintain burial spaces alongside public areas. The ancient city's casual treatment of waste is also revealed, with trash found in homes, streets, and alleys.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of endomannosidase, an enzyme used by devastating human viruses like HIV and Hepatitis C to replicate. This breakthrough opens the door to developing inhibitors that block both pathways used by these viruses.
A new gene called RGS9-2 has been found to regulate body weight by modulating metabolism. The discovery was made by a University of Rhode Island researcher who initially studied the gene's role in brain protein dyskinesia, a side effect of certain medications.
A new guideline issued by the American Academy of Neurology recommends caution when selecting seizure medications for individuals with HIV/AIDS due to the risk of adverse interactions. The guideline aims to minimize the impact of these drug combinations, particularly in developing countries where treatment options are limited.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham used a powerful magnet to levitate fruit flies, simulating weightlessness on Earth. The results show that the flies walk more quickly than expected, suggesting potential effects on living organisms in space. The study provides valuable insights for future space exploration and long-term survival.
A new US study confirms that updated rotavirus vaccines do not increase the occurrence of severe bowel obstruction, a potentially fatal side effect. The re-introduction of these vaccines has been credited with reducing diarrhea-related hospitalizations among children.
A study of over 26,000 patients found that therapeutic hypothermia was used in only 0.35% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in the US. Despite its proven benefits in reducing mortality and improving neurologic outcomes after a heart attack, hypothermic therapy is not being widely adopted in clinical practice.
Women with breast cancer who take anti-estrogen supplements may be decreasing their risk for melanoma. Risk for melanoma was 60 percent higher among patients who did not receive anti-estrogen therapy compared to those who received it.
A new downloadable tool from the University of Colorado Cancer Center guides cancer survivors through a personalized exercise plan, helping them set goals and track progress. The program aims to overcome common challenges faced by cancer patients, including fatigue and self-doubt.
A study found that genital herpes can reactivate in 'breakthrough episodes' even when taking high dose antiviral therapy, highlighting the need for new treatments to prevent onward transmission. Current antiviral therapies only reduce shedding by 50%, but don't eliminate breakthrough episodes.
New guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology provide treatment recommendations for people with HIV/AIDS taking seizure drugs. The guidelines aim to prevent drug interactions that could make HIV drugs less effective or lead to a more virulent strain of the disease.
Research by the University of Leeds found that partnering up or planning with someone can really boost the likelihood of sticking to dieting plans, health programmes. Joint planning and 'if...then...' cues made a sustained effect on employees' exercise regimes.
Teens who blogged about their social problems and engaged with an online community showed significant improvement in self-esteem, emotional distress, and positive social behaviors. The study found that blogging had a stronger positive effect than private diary writing alone.
Most patients who survive oesophageal cancer surgery recover an average quality of life, but one in six experience significant deterioration. Hospitals must improve identification and follow-up for these patients to prevent persistently low quality of life.
Graphene nanowiggles exhibit highly varied band gaps and magnetic properties, enabling customization of nanostructures for different tasks. The discovery provides a roadmap for building and designing new devices using these promising nanomaterials.
Fourteen international teams win $4.8 million in grants to investigate 'big data' techniques for humanities and social sciences research. The projects cover topics such as music, Egyptian mummies, and human rights abuses.
A recent study published in Nature shows that a novel combination of HIV vaccine candidates provides partial protection against Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection in rhesus monkeys. The optimal vaccine combinations also substantially reduced the amount of virus in the blood.
Robert M. Townsend, a prominent development economist, has been awarded the 2011 Jean-Jacques Laffont Prize for his groundbreaking research on financial systems and their impact on developing economies. The prize recognizes his contributions to understanding the role of financial systems in driving economic growth and development.
A new species of liverwort, Frullania knightbridgei, is discovered in New Zealand and described using revolutionary electronic publishing rules. The publication accelerates scientific discovery and description of new plant species, crucial for understanding early land plant evolution and conserving biodiversity.
Researchers have developed a vaccine that partially protects monkeys against a virulent HIV-like virus, with the best predictor of protection being antibodies targeting the virus surface protein. The study suggests that an immune system mechanism for prevention differs from control of viral replication.
Researchers identified two substances in licorice root that kill major bacteria responsible for tooth decay and gum disease. Licoricidin and licorisoflavan A were found to be effective antibacterial substances, potentially treating or preventing oral infections.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that patients with interrupted health coverage receive significantly fewer preventive tests and vaccines. Continuous health insurance coverage is essential to ensure timely care, even at reduced-cost safety net clinics.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology developed a computer model that explains the distribution of clouds, lakes, and rainstorms on Titan. The model attributes these phenomena to the interaction between sunlight, atmospheric circulation, and methane reservoirs on the surface.
Delegates explored ways to overcome propulsion limitations, including suspended animation and negative mass concepts. Theoretical models offer tantalizing options, but significant hurdles remain before interstellar travel becomes a reality.
A new study reveals that harp seal populations are experiencing sharply higher death rates among pup mortality, with entire year-classes disappearing from the population in low ice years. The study suggests that seasonal sea ice cover has declined by as much as 6% per decade since 1979, leaving the population on thin ice.
Scientists found that a lizard's tail is crucial in preventing forward pitch during leaping. By adding a tail to a robotic car called Tailbot, researchers discovered that it can stabilize its body and remain upright even after stumbling.
A new fermented soy ingredient containing S-equol significantly reduced hot flash frequency in a placebo-controlled study of postmenopausal Japanese women. The supplement also relieved muscle discomfort, including neck and shoulder stiffness.
A quarter century of sweet corn observations revealed shifts in endosperm types and reactions to post-emergence herbicides. Disease-resistant hybrids have increased in availability, allowing breeders to focus on improving resistance without sacrificing seed sales.
Researchers found that women who wrote about their most important values lost more weight than those who didn't. This is because reflecting on core values can boost self-integrity and lead to healthier habits.
Climate change and global trade are expected to increase demand for drought-tolerant plants from Africa and the Middle East, increasing the risk of new invasive species. Ecologists recommend proactive management practices, including pre-emptive screening of nursery stock before imports.
Researchers discovered that statin therapy can reduce blood clotting by targeting the expression of inducible tissue factor, a molecule that triggers abnormal clotting. Elevated levels of oxidized LDL induce tissue factor, which contributes to the formation of an occlusive thrombus after plaque rupture.
The study found that long, thin teeth and delicate dentition were associated with thicker forelimbs, suggesting an evolutionary trade-off between the two traits. This convergence of traits suggests that these prehistoric predators may have relied on their forelimbs to catch and kill prey without fracturing their fangs.
The US military is using acupuncture to help wounded warriors with pain, PTSD, and mild traumatic brain injury. A special issue of Medical Acupuncture explores the potential uses of acupuncture in the military and current research activities.
A recent study conducted in the Netherlands has found a striking link between migrating at a young age and an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Those who migrated before the age of five had a twofold higher risk than those who immigrated as adults.
A global study reveals that antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces group B streptococcal infections in newborns, especially in Africa. The study's findings suggest developing vaccines could have near-universal applicability due to similar strain distributions worldwide.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found significant personality differences between men and women, contrary to previous underestimation. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 participants using a comprehensive personality test, revealing large discrepancies in traits such as warmth, sensitivity, and perfectionism.
A new study found that weight loss surgery, particularly gastric bypass, has a significant beneficial effect on glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes. Only 41% of patients achieved complete remission using stringent criteria, while other types of surgery had lower success rates.
William C. Mobley, chair of UC San Diego's Department of Neurosciences, received the International Sisley-Jérôme Lejeune Prize for his innovative research on treatments for neurological disabilities, including Down syndrome. The prize acknowledges his contributions to advancing care and management of intellectual disabilities.
The American Cancer Society's annual report shows a decline in cancer incidence and death rates, particularly among African American men and women. The report also highlights increasing trends in certain cancers, such as pancreatic and liver cancer, which may be linked to obesity and early detection practices.
Scientists found that a low-pressure pattern in the Arctic Oscillation caused Russian river water to flow into the Beaufort Sea, freshening it. The phenomenon has significant implications for global climate, as freshwater can protect sea ice and affect ocean circulation.
Research suggests that Burmese pythons from the Florida Everglades can survive in marine and estuarine environments for several months, raising concerns about their potential spread to nearby islands. The study found that hatchling pythons could live up to five months with only salt water to drink.
A Concordia-led research team found that Lithocholic acid (LCA) selectively kills cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. LCA targets cancer cell sensors, triggering mitochondrial self-destruction and bringing the cell down.
Researchers have discovered a protein called Islet Homeostasis Protein (IHoP) that regulates blood sugar levels by balancing insulin and glucagon. The protein's presence helps maintain healthy glucose levels, while its absence leads to increased glucagon and insulin resistance.
A new study assesses the potential reasons for the continued lack of success in preventing and controlling Lyme disease in the US Northeast. The study identifies critical areas where additional knowledge is needed to improve prevention and control strategies, including host infestation rates, habitat diversity, and human behavior.
A study by Lidia Morawska and colleagues found that older vacuum cleaners, even those with HEPA filters, release higher levels of fine dust and bacteria into the air. Newer models were generally less polluting, suggesting age and cost can impact emission rates.
The Encyclopedia of Life has grown from 30,000 pages to over 900,000 with a 2,900% increase in content, thanks to new partnerships and language additions. The platform now serves information on 15,000 species in Spanish and provides conservation data from the IUCN and NatureServe.
A new study found that prehistoric predators with large canines had beefier arm bones, a combination seen in sabertooth cats and other extinct mammals. The researchers discovered this pattern through the analysis of fossilized arm bones and teeth, finding convergence across multiple species.
Scientists have discovered an improved method to remove carbon dioxide from smokestacks, tailpipes, and the atmosphere. The new materials achieve high carbon dioxide removal capacity, especially in humid air, making them a potential solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Scientists have recorded the first association between a black-marble jawfish and a mimic octopus. The jawfish sticks close to the octopus for protection, allowing it to venture away from its burrow to look for food. This unique case highlights the complex interactions within coral reef ecosystems.