Researchers mapped dark matter using images of 10 million galaxies in four regions, studying distortion of light as it passes massive clumps of dark matter. The study reveals a vast network of dense and empty regions, providing the first direct glimpse at dark matter on large scales.
The retrieval of four cores from a glacier high atop Mount Ortles may provide valuable insights into past climate changes and environmental shifts in the region. The cores contain unaltered ice that could reveal a climate history spanning several centuries, including the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age.
Scientists at Fermilab and Berkeley Lab have created the largest direct measurements of dark matter yet, using new methods that will improve ground-based surveys. The maps show a clearer picture of the universe's past, which is crucial for understanding dark energy.
Researchers identified genetic mutations in OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 proteins as the underlying cause of Rotor syndrome, a condition characterized by conjugated bilirubin buildup. Complete deficiency of these proteins can cause hypersensitivity to certain drugs and interrupt conjugated bilirubin reuptake into the liver.
A team of researchers has associated mutations in the reticulon 2 gene with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 12. They discovered that these mutations likely cause neurodegeneration by disrupting ER-shaping proteins, providing new insights into this complex disorder.
A recent study published in Circulation found that the risk of heart attack increases significantly after losing a loved one. The research, led by BIDMC, revealed an elevated risk of heart attack in the first 24 hours (21 times normal) and remained high for at least a month.
Researchers propose using personalized medicine to identify individuals at highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes, allowing for targeted prevention efforts. Current methods are inefficient, but new biomarkers and approaches hold promise for preventing and controlling the disease.
Research shows that high-quality females, which produce more offspring, are more likely to have daughters. Conversely, weaker females, with their grandfather's qualities, produce more sons. This study found that females can manipulate the sex of their offspring to compensate for genetic limitations.
The study found that new generation drug-eluting stents were associated with a 28% lower risk of mortality, compared to old generation DES, and a 23% lower mortality rate at two years. The new generation DES also had a 38% lower risk of restenosis and a 43% lower risk of stent thrombosis within two years.
A new study found that most parents who get tested for breast cancer genes share their results with their children, even if they are very young. The majority of parents shared their results with at least one child, with older children more likely to be informed than younger ones.
A nationwide tax on sugary drinks could prevent nearly 100,000 cases of heart disease and 26,000 deaths annually. The tax would also generate $13 billion in direct revenue and save the public an additional $17 billion per year in healthcare costs.
Researchers found that a brief adherence program improves blood sugar test results and depression symptoms in patients with Type 2 diabetes and depression. The study showed that 60.9% of patients with integrated care had improved blood sugar test results, compared to 35.7% with usual primary care.
A team of Yale researchers found genetic signatures of the extinct species Chelonoidis elephantopus in over 1600 tortoises, suggesting direct descendants may still exist. The discovery could allow for the resuscitation of the species through intensive breeding of hybrids.
A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found that men with higher levels of DDE and PCBs had significantly higher rates of sperm abnormalities. Researchers used a new sperm imaging methodology to detect chromosomal abnormalities, highlighting the potential impact of environmental exposure on male fertility.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is crucial for constructing the acrosome, a critical structure in fertilization. Without DHA, sperm cells fail to form properly and fertility is compromised.
The TEAMcare program, based on the Chronic Care Model, activates patients to monitor their own health and empowers them to control their diseases. This approach results in improved depression outcomes, better-controlled blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and enhanced quality of life for patients with depression and diabetes.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have made a major step toward creating superlenses that can see objects as small as 100 nanometers across using metamaterials and plasmons. This could enable ultra-high-resolution microscopes and cell phone cameras, making high-powered microscopy accessible to the public.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that the number of guns sold by Badger Guns & Ammo and diverted to criminals tripled after the adoption of Tiahrt amendments. The study also found that reductions in gun sales linked to crime declined by 66% before the amendments took effect.
Researchers have found that adding a specific protein from Listeria to a probiotic can decrease the risk of infection by 46%. The breakthrough could lead to the development of a pill or drink to prevent Listeria infections, primarily affecting pregnant women and those with weakened immune systems.
A new study provides a composite picture of oil and gas distribution after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill. It uses vast chemical data to estimate oil and gas flow rate and environmental distribution.
Scientists used innovative computer model to demonstrate the roles of underwater topography, currents and bacteria in Gulf of Mexico. The resulting model revealed that physical structure of the gulf was a key factor in disappearance of hydrocarbon plumes, which were consumed by bacteria that swirled around the leaking well.
A recent study by Harvard School of Public Health found that nicotine replacement therapies are no more effective in helping smokers quit than quitting on their own. The study suggests that the FDA should only approve medications proven to be effective in long-term smoking cessation, and lower nicotine levels to reduce addiction.
Researchers found willingness to take financial risks decreases with age and economic downturns. Investors should not adjust their risk tolerance according to the economic climate. Financial planners must consider clients' attitudes toward risk for appropriate investment portfolio recommendations.
A study published in Neurology found that nicotine patches improved memory loss in older adults with mild cognitive impairment by 46% after six months. The treatment had minimal side effects and showed promise for further research into its potential benefits.
A study published in Archives of Ophthalmology found that commercial insurance was the most frequent payer of emergency department outpatient services in Florida, followed by self-pay and Medicaid. The data suggest a shift towards Medicaid as patients move into eligible categories, which may impact eye care delivery models in the state.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas have discovered a new material called graphene that conducts heat 20 times faster than silicon, leading to more-efficient cooling of electronics and potentially longer-lasting computers and cellphones.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a new way to identify genes of harmful microbes using chemicals and genomic sequencing. This approach can rapidly pinpoint genes responsible for specific traits in Chlamydia, a common sexually transmitted infection.
Researchers used advanced imaging technology to visualize minute structural elements within blood vessels and found elastin plays a key role in supporting arterial function. This knowledge could help understand and treat complications of cardiovascular disease, including high blood pressure and diabetes.
Researchers developed a sensitive test to analyze circulating tumor cells in blood, enabling clinicians to track cancer progress and treatments. The method uses high-throughput mass spectrometry analysis, allowing for the detection of genetic mutations present in small numbers of malignant cells.
The James Webb Space Telescope achieved significant milestones in 2011, including the completion of flight mirror testing and sunshield layer testing. The telescope's mirror segments were chilled to temperatures similar to those it will see in space, while the sunshield's deployment system was also tested.
Research reveals obesity is associated with higher prostate cancer screening rates across all races/ethnicities and lower cervical cancer screening rates in white women. The study also found no correlation between weight and breast or colorectal cancer screening rates. Obesity was linked to lower rates of cervical cancer screening, par...
Researchers found that delaying effective hypertension treatment for up to a year results in small-quality adjusted life expectancy loss, but longer delays cause significant damage. The study suggests patients and providers focus on diabetes self-management and lifestyle modification within the first year after diagnosis.
Researchers at UC Riverside have made a significant discovery in graphene's thermal conductivity, showing that isotopically engineered graphene can conduct heat more efficiently than natural graphene. This finding has the potential to impact various applications, including electronics, photovoltaic solar cells and radars.
Researchers found that combining TCM therapy and intrauterine insemination (IUI) significantly increases fertility success rates to 65.5% compared to 39.4%. The study suggests that Chinese medicine can promote balance and harmony in the womb, affecting ovulation, menstrual cycle, blood flow, and endorphin production.
A new study by UCSB scientists reveals that the physical structure of the Gulf of Mexico played a key role in the disappearance of methane and other chemicals from the Deepwater Horizon well. The study used a computer model to demonstrate how underwater topography, currents, and bacteria contributed to the phenomenon.
Aria Diagnostics published peer-reviewed data for a new noninvasive prenatal test that accurately detects Trisomy 21 and Trisomy 18 with improved efficiency. The technology offers significant improvement over existing approaches, enabling cost-effective and scalable analysis of cell-free DNA in maternal blood.
Researchers identified potential gene mutations and pathway alterations that could lead to lung cancer in never-smokers. They found that these patients' tumors lacked common genes associated with lung cancer, making them ideal cases for discovering new mutations that may drive the disease.
A new snake species, Matilda's horned viper, has been discovered in a remote area of Tanzania with unique horn-like scales above its eyes. The species is estimated to have only a few square miles of habitat and is expected to be classified as critically endangered due to severe degradation from logging and charcoal manufacture.
Researchers have created the largest-scale map of dark matter, showcasing a intricate cosmic web that covers over one billion light years. By analyzing images of 10 million galaxies, they were able to detect the distortion caused by dark matter and gain insight into its distribution.
A clinical trial found that using a nicotine patch for six months improved long-term memory in people with mild cognitive impairment by 46%. The study, published in Neurology, suggests that nicotine may be beneficial for early signs of memory loss.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry found that guanfacine extended release significantly improves symptoms in children with ADHD who have a suboptimal response to psychostimulants. The study, conducted by Dr. Timothy E. Wilens and colleagues, showed that adjunctive administrat...
A preclinical study found that a combination of estrogen-targeting drugs significantly reduced tobacco carcinogen-induced lung tumors in mice. The treatment, which blocks estrogen production and its effects on the body, showed maximum antitumor effects in both healthy and precancerous cells.
Researchers at Queen's University found that toddlers do not monitor their own voice when speaking like adults do. Instead, they rely on interaction with the person they're talking to to judge accuracy of speech sounds. Future studies aim to determine the exact strategy used by children under two.
Researchers have found genetic evidence suggesting that the Galapagos giant tortoise species Chelonoidis elephantopus may still exist in the wild, despite being thought extinct for over 150 years. The discovery was made by tracking the DNA of hybrid offspring between this species and another, C. becki, on Isabela Island.
Researchers at the University of Warwick are part of a four-year project to search for new antibiotics, addressing growing resistance in bacteria such as E. coli and MRSA. The project aims to understand bacterial cell wall growth and discover new chemicals that can interfere with this process.
The Siberian Traps volcanic eruptions could have released gases that damaged the ozone layer and caused acid rain, leading to a drastic decline in ecological diversity.
Scientists developed a new strategy to fight infectious diseases by blocking pathogen entry into cells rather than killing the bug itself. This approach targets specific elements of the infection process inside the host body and has shown promising results in treating Leishmania parasites.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found dabigatran to be associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome. The research suggests that clinicians should consider the potential cardiovascular risks when using dabigatran, particularly in high-risk populations.
Researchers found that autistic children with gastrointestinal problems harbor a specific type of bacteria, Sutterella, which is not detected in non-autistic children. The study used tissue samples from the guts of patients and suggests that these differences may play a role in the development of autism.
TGen researchers identify multiple novel mutations and pathway changes in never-smoker lung cancer patients, diverging from those found in smokers. These findings hold promise for developing therapeutic targets in this patient population.
A new study explores the fertility and parenthood concerns of young female cancer survivors, finding that they are often unaware of the impact of treatment on their future fertility. The researchers identified six themes from focus group discussions, highlighting the need for better information, continuity of care, and guidance to addr...
A University of Illinois study found that personalized prognostic tools and gene-based therapies can improve the survival and quality of life of glioblastoma patients. The researchers discovered new general and clinical-dependent gene profiles that can be used to predict patient outcomes and select targeted therapies.
A new method uses stem cells from cord blood to re-educate a diabetic's own T cells, restarting pancreatic function and reducing the need for insulin. After two to three hours, the re-educated lymphocytes are returned to the patient, improving C-peptide levels and allowing for reduced insulin doses.
Researchers have developed an interactive tool to visualize how changes in date and weather conditions affect bat presence at wind energy facilities. The tool can help reduce bat fatalities by maximizing energy production on nights with low fatality risk while minimizing impacts on migratory bats.
A study at UCLA has identified 56 proteins that show significant differences between people with familial Alzheimer's disease and those without it. The changes may represent an early manifestation of the loss of critical brain structures, providing potential new targets for drug interventions.
A new study published in The Lancet shows that memantine is ineffective for patients with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome aged 40 years and older. The drug was tested on 88 patients with or without dementia, but showed no significant improvement in cognition and function compared to a placebo group.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital create drug delivery system that effectively targets prostate cancer cells, delivering high amounts of chemotherapeutic drugs. The innovative approach simplifies targeted nanoparticle development and broadens applications in cancer therapy.
New research reveals that insulin stimulates the formation of new elastic fibers in human aortic smooth muscle cells, advancing understanding of diabetic vascular disease. Insulin therapy may help prevent arterial occlusions and improve healing processes in diabetic patients.
Understanding quantum jamming physics is essential for miniaturizing electronics, as it affects device properties and wire connections. Researchers have made progress in one-dimensional quantum many-particle physics, revealing new collective phenomena that emerge when matter is confined to narrow channels.
Researchers analyzed chemical measurements in the deep ocean, oil slick, and air to estimate gas and oil leak rate during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill. The new study confirms an average leak rate of 11,130 tons per day, with a range of 8,900 to 13,300 tons per day.
A new treatment for hemophilia A has shown significant reductions in bleeding events and infusion frequency, particularly in children and adolescents. The study suggests that prophylaxis is the optimal treatment for patients with severe hemophilia, improving quality of life.
A new study published in Archives of Ophthalmology found that replacing Medicare's visual acuity screenings with coverage for dilated eye exams for healthy patients could be highly cost-effective. The research used a Monte Carlo cost-effectiveness simulation model to analyze the costs and benefits of this policy change.
Researchers have successfully penetrated fruit flies' brains with ORMOSIL nanoparticles, which hold promise as a potential vehicle for targeted drug delivery. The particles can be filled with helpful chemical compounds or gene therapies to target neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists at EMBL have developed a new method to observe enhancer activity during development, showing that specific chromatin modifications trigger gene expression. This breakthrough provides cell-type specific information on enhancer activity and gene status in multicellular embryos.
A recent study published in Journal of Oncology reveals that MAL3-101, a heat shock protein 70 inhibitor, exhibits potent anti-myeloma effects both in vitro and in vivo. The compound boosts the effectiveness of proteasome inhibitors like bortezomib when used synergistically.
As the US healthcare system faces significant challenges with multimorbidity, research articles and policy briefs offer solutions to improve care for patients with multiple chronic conditions. A study found that primary care attributes like comprehensiveness and patient-centeredness are associated with lower mortality rates.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine tracked Google Flu Trends data and found a strong correlation between rising search queries for flu information and an increase in patients visiting the hospital with flu-like symptoms. The study suggests that using this tool could provide early warning systems for frontline healthcare workers.
A new study published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene found that internet-based news and Twitter feeds were faster at detecting the onset and progression of the cholera epidemic in post-earthquake Haiti. Researchers used HealthMap, an internet tool, to capture coverage and mentions of cholera from various sources.
Two randomized controlled trials found acupuncture to be equally effective as sham acupuncture in treating migraines. About half of patients showed improvement after 16 weeks. The clinical effect of acupuncture is considered minor and may be due to the placebo effect.
Researchers have identified a urinary biomarker called uNGAL that can diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI) in emergency patients within 30 minutes, reducing the risk of in-hospital death. The study found that combining uNGAL with creatinine levels significantly improves the identification of patients at risk of death or dialysis.
Researchers found sorafenib to be effective in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and a KRAS mutation, achieving a 52.6% rate of no progression at six weeks. However, median overall survival was only 5.3 months, indicating unsatisfactory outcomes.
Scientists discovered a gene mutation causing hereditary spastic paraplegia, which may provide clues to axon degeneration in conditions like multiple sclerosis. The study highlights new disease mechanisms that could lead to genetic counselling and testing for affected families.
A 2010 outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in Wisconsin was linked to a hospital's decorative fountain, highlighting the risk of indoor water fountains in healthcare settings. The study recommends strict maintenance procedures and periodic bacteriologic monitoring to reduce the risk of Legionella transmission.
A team of researchers identified genetic mutations in OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 as the cause of Rotor syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by jaundice. Complete deficiency of these proteins causes human Rotor syndrome by interrupting conjugated bilirubin reuptake into the liver.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified the critical sugar chain produced by the LARGE enzyme, which plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle cell viability. The study's findings could lead to rapid testing of potential muscular dystrophy therapies and treatments for Lassa fever.
The study reveals that metal oxides interact with water in metastable states, rather than sequential transitional forms. This finding has implications for understanding corrosion and developing sustainable technologies like batteries and hydrogen fuel.
A recent study published by JAMA Network found that statin use in postmenopausal women is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes. The study, which analyzed data from the Women's Health Initiative, included over 153,000 women and found that statin use was linked to a higher risk of new-onset diabetes.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that two-thirds of teens with high-functioning autism disorder are already driving or planning to drive. Predictive characteristics include being at least 17 years old, having a parent who taught another teen to drive, and including driving-related goals in their IEP.
A Stanford study found that a well-known protein complex controls DNA expression and prevents pancreatic cancer. The researchers discovered genetic changes in the protein complex were present in nearly a third of human pancreatic cancers, suggesting its role in tumor suppression.
Research finds that multicentric lung adenocarcinoma often shares the same genetic mutation, indicating a possible common origin for these tumors. The study identified genetically distinct molecular subsets using EGFR and KRAS genes.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that noise-cancelling headphones playing classical music reduce pain and anxiety during prostate biopsies. This simple and inexpensive method may help an estimated 700,000 US men who undergo a biopsy a year.
Researchers at Rice University have figured out the source of colorful armchair nanotubes: hydrogen-like objects called excitons. The team found that exciton resonance occurs around a unique electronic structure in these one-dimensional materials, making them visible to our eyes.
Research has found an association between marijuana use in young males and the development of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), which shares clinical features with functional vomiting. CVS is more common among young males using marijuana, highlighting the need for further research into treatment options for this condition.
Researchers will use satellite data to survey the vast Congo River Basin, answering questions about water sources and greenhouse gas emissions. The project aims to provide a new method for studying inaccessible areas of the planet.
A penny-per-ounce tax on sugar-sweetened beverages could reduce consumption by 15% and result in an estimated savings of $17 billion in healthcare costs over a decade. The tax would have the greatest impact among younger adults and men, leading to significant reductions in obesity-related health problems.
Research finds that grief increases heart attack risk by 21 times within the first day, declining steadily over the first month. Grieving spouses are also at higher long-term risk of dying from heart disease and strokes.