A genetic study of childhood epilepsies has discovered two new genes associated with severe forms of the disease. The study used exome sequencing to identify disease-causing gene mutations and found an unusually large number of mutations, providing a wealth of information for epilepsy research.
Thioperamide significantly decreases brain water content and malondialdehyde levels while increasing histamine levels and superoxide dismutase activity, preventing oxidative damage and brain edema. Thioperamide's effects are mediated by postsynaptic H1 receptors.
The study reveals that the protein complex Mll2 is responsible for implementing activating histone marks on 'poised' genes, but its loss has little effect on developmental gene activation during differentiation. This suggests a more complex understanding of histone modification patterns in embryonic and cancer cells.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that macrophage proliferation within plaques drives the growth of atherosclerotic lesions. This challenges the previous assumption that monocytes are solely responsible for plaque development.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience reveals that genetic mutations linked to Parkinson's disease can cause problems with mitophagy, a process essential for eliminating damaged cells. The research suggests that targeting this pathway could lead to the development of more effective drug treatments.
A new study explores the evolution of hip-hop from party music to a platform for social movement and activism. The research, led by Todd Callais, found that hip-hop began to take on more overtly political themes in the early 1990s, with artists like Grandmaster Flash addressing social issues in their work.
A new study by Indiana University found that student loan debt significantly affects college students' experiences, leading to three distinct categories: play-hard, disengaged, and serious students. Students with debt tend to prioritize social life over academics, while those without debt live a more balanced lifestyle.
The paper highlights the deportation of 1.5 generation immigrants who have lived in the US for decades, with many being targeted due to their location and ethnicity. The study emphasizes the need for judicial discretion in immigration cases, rather than relying solely on prior convictions.
Research suggests that children who overestimate their social connections are less aggressive, as they perceive a lower risk of being judged by peers. In contrast, students who underestimate or accurately assess their social standing tend to display more aggression.
Research found that pregnant women rely on common hearsay and entertainment media to shape their expectations about pregnancy. Women often cited ethnic-religious traditions and personal experiences in shaping their understanding of pregnancy mythologies.
A new study found that people exhibit more empathy towards battered puppies and full-grown dogs than adults, but not children. The research, which considered the opinions of 240 college students, revealed that age is a key factor in eliciting empathy.
A new study reveals that two-thirds of SRO tenants were previously homeless and suffered from an average of three illnesses at the same time. Ninety-five per cent had substance dependence, nearly half suffered from psychosis, and nearly 70% had been exposed to Hepatitis C.
NASA's GOES-West satellite image captures three active tropical cyclones in the Central and Eastern Pacific Oceans. System 92E has a more developed circulation and is expected to become a tropical cyclone with a high chance, while System 93E has a low chance of development.
A multistate study found that children born with non-chromosomal birth defects have a twofold higher risk of cancer before age 15 compared to children without birth defects. Cancer risk varies by the specific type of birth defect, with increased risk observed in eye defects, cleft palate, heart and kidney defects, and microcephaly.
Researchers developed a method to extract information from soil surrounding bodies, allowing for insight into the day before death. High mercury concentrations in soil suggest exposure occurred within hours or days prior to death.
The Chinese alligator genome has been sequenced, revealing adaptations for living in both water and land habitats and providing insights into the species' unique features. The study also sheds light on temperature-dependent sex determination and immune system development.
Researchers suggest the Higgs boson could help resolve the cosmological constant problem by introducing another background field that contributes an energy density matching the observed dark energy. This advance provides new insights into understanding dark energy's mysterious nature.
Researchers found that piano players' hand muscle contractions differ depending on the sequence of notes played, indicating coarticulation. This phenomenon is similar to coarticulation in speech and American Sign Language, suggesting a complex neural connection between finger movements and keystrokes.
Researchers found that individuals at high risk for alcoholism experience a greater dopamine response when drinking, which may contribute to increased desire for rewards and counteract the sedative effects of alcohol. This study provides insight into the causes of addiction and could mark an important step toward developing treatment o...
Researchers at Syracuse University have developed a novel method for synthesizing alloy nanomaterials with stainless steel-like interfaces. This breakthrough may enable the creation of diverse forms of alloy nanomaterials for various applications, including gas storage and heterogeneous catalysis.
Researchers analyze dinosaur skulls using 3D geometric morphometrics and conclude that three previously identified species are actually one. The study reveals that differences among specimens arose from the burial and compression process, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in taxonomic classifications.
A new study, MADIT-Asia, aims to improve treatment of non-ischemic heart disease in the Asian population. The trial will test cardiac resynchronization therapy using a two-lead system, which may reduce complications and improve outcomes.
Researchers have successfully combined two promising gene therapies to repair muscle damage caused by Duchenne muscular dystrophy and prevent future injury. The treatment, which uses a combination of micro-dystrophin and follistatin, showed significant increases in muscle strength and reduced muscle damage in aged mice.
Researchers use nanoplasmonics to modulate light on the nanometer scale, but controlling the beam's direction is challenging. A bubble lens overcomes this issue by reconfiguring its location, size, and shape to focus or deflect the light beam.
A study of racial differences in types of alcohol beverages consumed during adolescence found that black and white girls report significantly different risk profiles. Black girls tend to consume liquor, while white girls generally drink beer and wine. The study identified common predictors of heavier drinking profiles for both groups, ...
Researchers develop nanoparticles that can assemble and disassemble using temperature, improving drug delivery and anticancer treatment. The new system uses thermosensitive polymers to control nanoparticle interactions, enabling more precise structures and potentially increasing the efficacy of anticancer drugs.
Researchers emphasize understanding ethical, social and cultural impact of global health initiatives. Effective approaches to address these challenges are crucial for high-quality research.
Scientists at EMBL discovered that endocytosis drives changes in cell shape by remodelling the cell membrane. Cells adapt their feeding strategy to suck in long tubes of membrane, processing them into smaller vesicles.
Research suggests that brain dopamine responses to alcohol ingestion may serve as a neurobiological marker of vulnerability to AUDs. Individuals at high risk showed increased brain dopamine, while those at low risk showed decreased dopamine levels. This finding could help identify individuals at higher risk for developing AUDs.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have developed a new treatment for children with brittle bone disease, finding that oral risedronate significantly reduces the risk of fractures. The study showed rapid action, with curves for fracture risk diverging after just 6 weeks of treatment.
The USGS has released new seafloor maps, data layers, and videos for the entire California coast, providing a comprehensive base-map series. This collaboration between state and federal agencies, academia, and private industry aims to inform coastal managers and researchers about seafloor habitats, geology, and ecosystems.
A new software solution developed by TUM's Prof. Gritzmann and his team consolidates agricultural land more efficiently than ever before, saving farmers up to 30% on running costs. The algorithm uses sophisticated mathematical ideas to optimize field allocation and reduce travel costs.
Researchers have successfully simulated pressure conditions in the deep lower mantle, measuring thermal conductivity and finding heat transfer to be lower than expected. The study estimates a total heat flow of 10.4 terawatts across the Earth, about 60% of human civilization's power usage.
A study found that increases in cigarette taxes are associated with modest to moderate reductions in alcohol consumption among vulnerable groups. The results suggest that policies targeting one health behavior can have broader benefits for public health by affecting additional behaviors that tend to co-occur with the targeted behavior.
The Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior announces the Best Article Award winners for their research on people's interpretation of healthy eating. A curriculum to prevent childhood obesity was also recognized as a best practice in nutrition education.
Research from the University of Cambridge reveals that chronic cocaine use causes profound metabolic changes, reducing the body's ability to store fat. This leads to significant weight gain during recovery, which can contribute to relapse and has profound implications for health and well-being.
A team of researchers at Bangor University has made significant discoveries on the behavior of polyethylene in conducting electrical charges. The study reveals that the nano-scale structure of polyethylene, with crystalline regions separated by amorphous zones, plays a crucial role in charge conduction.
Researchers have developed a new nanoscale drug that can carry multiple weapons and target HER2-positive breast cancer cells from the inside. The therapy stimulates an antitumor immune response, blocks blood vessel formation, and slows tumor growth.
A new paper by Dr Thomas Ezard uses the fossils of microscopic aquatic creatures called planktonic foraminifera to study speciation. The research highlights the importance of using fossil and molecular evidence in understanding evolution.
Researchers at University of Southampton have discovered new markers of tuberculosis that may help in developing new diagnostic tests and treatments. Lung damage releases specific proteins, which can be used to screen individuals and halt transmission between population groups.
Research reveals women progress to treatment with similar negative consequences as men but reach threshold earlier, sparking need for tailored interventions and greater awareness of women's issues. The study analyzed data from over 530 individuals seeking treatment, finding a significant gender gap in the time it takes to seek help.
Scientists from NASA and other agencies use satellite observation and computer modeling to predict wildfire activity in the American West. The data helps guide firefighting resources and prevention efforts, with over 2.5 million acres burned this year.
A study by Davide Zoccolan and colleagues found that the anterior inferotemporal cortex (IT) categorizes objects based on visual similarity, except for four-legged animals which are represented by semantic meaning. The IT retains a 'raw' lower-level coding of object properties like color and size.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center identified four genetic variants associated with increased risk of death in non-small cell lung cancer patients. These variants also indicate a greater risk of death if treatment plans include surgery without chemotherapy compared to those with chemotherapy following surgery.
Tropical Depression 11W is organizing and strengthening in the western North Pacific Ocean, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing an infrared image of the system. Cloud top temperatures indicate strong storms, suggesting heavy rainfall rates when the depression strengthens into a tropical storm.
Researchers discovered the OGF-OGFr axis can inhibit proliferation in human triple-negative breast cancer cells, reducing growth within 24 hours. The therapy also confers protection against paclitaxel treatment, a standard breast cancer therapy, and has minimal side effects.
Researchers have identified over 100 species of small predatory beetles in Tahiti, with 28 newly described in the open-access journal ZooKeys. These beetles have evolved to lose their flight wings and are highly specialized to specific habitats.
A Scripps Research Institute team will study how cellular damage drives the aging process, with a focus on stress caused by DNA damage and potential therapeutic targets for slowing aging. The grant aims to identify ways to minimize degenerative changes associated with aging, potentially leading to improved healthspan.
A University of Oklahoma biologist is studying how Daphnia, a small crustacean, adapts to changes in nutrient levels and water quality. The research aims to improve forecasting models of global environmental change and inform effective management of natural resources.
Researchers discovered 20 million base pairs of genetic sequence hidden in centromeres, a key finding that could aid in mapping the human genome. Latino genomes proved uniquely powerful in filling in uncharted regions due to their African ancestry.
Researchers at HZDR and University of Regensburg have developed a fast and reliable detector for terahertz pulses using graphene. The detector can measure the arrival time of light pulses with high accuracy, covering a wide wavelength range from ultraviolet to far infrared.
Scientists at Technical University of Munich have successfully created 2D patterns using molecules, which could lead to novel physics and chemistry. The patterns, known as snub square tilings, were produced through self-assembly protocols and feature five-vertex connecting elements less than one nanometer across.
A recent study reveals that the emerald ash borer invasion has fueled a population boom for four species of birds in the Detroit area. The four species considered in the study include three woodpeckers and a white-breasted nuthatch, which are all benefiting from the abundant food source provided by EAB-infested ash trees.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified three proteins necessary for constructing a key section of the critical sugar chain that enables the central protein to function properly. Defects in these proteins can cause congenital muscular dystrophy, a group of muscle diseases.
Researchers at JILA have discovered that an atomic clock can mimic the behavior of complex quantum systems, including high-temperature superconductors. The study's findings suggest that atoms in the clock interact like those in magnetic materials, leading to correlations and entanglement.
Researchers at the University of Kent have successfully identified the anaerobic pathway for producing vitamin B12 in bacteria. This discovery paves the way for increased production of the essential nutrient, which is used to treat pernicious anemia and other conditions.
Researchers develop a new microfluidic chip that can capture over 90% of circulating tumor cells from patient blood, providing potential applications for cancer screenings, treatment assessments, and disease progression determination. The technique shortens processing time and improves efficiency compared to existing methods.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine found that growth-restricted mice became obese due to reduced physical activity, not increased appetite. This discovery has implications for the worldwide obesity epidemic affecting millions of low birth weight babies.
A new avatar-based decision technology called eSMARTT aims to ease the process of making healthcare decisions for loved ones who are unable to make their own choices. The system provides interactive simulations, decision coaching, and personalized resources to help caregivers navigate this difficult decision-making process.
A study at Boston Children's Hospital found that a mother's perceived social status predicts her child's brain development and stress indicators. Children of mothers with low social status had increased cortisol levels and less activation of the hippocampus, a structure crucial for learning and reducing stress.