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Science News for November 9, 2013


Kidney damage in first responders linked to 9/11

A significant link has been found between high levels of exposure to particulate matter by first responders at Ground Zero and the development of kidney damage. Albuminuria, a sign of kidney disease, was significantly higher in those with high exposure levels.

SourceThe Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of Medicine·DateNov 9, 2013

Genetic variation increases risk of kidney disease progression in African-Americans

African-American patients with chronic kidney disease have a faster decline in kidney function due to genetic variations, particularly the APOL1 gene variant. The study suggests that reducing the effect of this gene could lead to a significant decrease in progressive kidney and end-stage kidney disease in blacks.

SourceUniversity of Maryland Medical Center·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateNov 9, 2013
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You want fries with that? Don't go there

A new Dartmouth study suggests that chronic dieters overeat when their brain regions that balance impulsive behavior and self-control are disrupted. This depletion reduces a person's ability to engage in self-control by reducing connectivity between brain regions involved in cognitive control and rewards.

SourceDartmouth College·JournalPsychological Science·DateNov 9, 2013

Kidney Week 2013: New innovations in clinical science

Recent studies highlight the effects of combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and ARBs on kidney function decline and cardiovascular events. Additionally, genetic variants of the APOL1 gene are found to increase CKD progression in African Americans.

SourceAmerican Society of Nephrology·DateNov 9, 2013
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Gene hastens kidney disease progression in African-Americans

A recent study has found that the APOL1 gene variant is independently associated with a more aggressive course of disease, particularly in African-Americans. The variant is linked to twice the rate of CKD progression and loss of kidney function in those with chronic kidney disease.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateNov 9, 2013

Acid levels in the diet could have profound effects on kidney health

Studies suggest that consuming more fruits and vegetables can counteract the negative effects of dietary acid on kidney health. Research found that individuals with hypertensive nephropathy who received extra fruits and vegetables or an oral alkaline medication experienced preserved kidney health, while those with high dietary acid lev...

SourceAmerican Society of Nephrology·DateNov 9, 2013
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Preeclampsia during pregnancy may be linked with kidney failure risk

A new study links preeclampsia during pregnancy to a higher risk of developing kidney failure. Researchers analyzed data from Olmsted County, MN and found that individuals with preeclampsia were more likely to develop kidney failure later in life, but this association was attenuated when diabetes and hypertension were considered.

SourceAmerican Society of Nephrology·DateNov 9, 2013

Gene puts African-Americans at higher risk for kidney failure

Genetic variants in the APOL1 gene increase the risk of kidney disease progression and end-stage renal disease in African Americans. Approximately 1 in 10 blacks possess high-risk variants, which speed up kidney disease progression and substantially increase the risk of developing kidney failure.

SourceJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateNov 9, 2013
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