Researchers discovered that fondaparinux, an anticoagulant, can protect transplanted kidneys from damage. Improved kidney function was observed both immediately after transplantation and months later, suggesting this strategy could augment the pool of available organs.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a genetic-based tool called NanoFlare that can detect live circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream. The technology has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer by providing a more accurate and personalized approach.
Researchers have created a new mouse model that allows them to study human glia in live animals, enabling the development of potential treatments for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The study found that the JC virus targets astrocytes, leading to inflammation and cell death, which can trigger PML.
A Mount Sinai study found that vital exhaustion increases the risk of first-time cardiovascular disease by 36%, affecting otherwise healthy people. The researchers investigated 11 prospective studies involving 60,610 participants and found a significant association between vital exhaustion and cardiovascular disease.
Research reveals Chlamydia trachomatis breaks down protective protein p53, allowing cells to mutate and develop into cancer. The bacterium exploits this mechanism to survive within host cells, posing a potential risk for cancer development.
Researchers found significant differences between two commercially available datasets used to analyze the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and food and alcohol establishments. The study highlights the need for accurate data to support policy decisions on issues like incentives for grocery stores in econom...
Scientists propose a novel method to detect dark matter using GPS satellites and atomic clock networks. The approach compares times from the clocks and looks for discrepancies, which could indicate the presence of dark matter.
A phase 3 trial found zirconium cyclosilicate effectively lowered potassium levels to normal range and maintained them for up to 4 weeks. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed consistent results across patient subgroups, with 84% of patients achieving normal potassium levels within 24 hours.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have identified vulnerable sites on the surface of Ebola virus that are targeted by the antibodies in ZMapp, a drug cocktail administered to patients during the 2014 outbreak. The study provides insights into how ZMapp works and suggests strategies to improve it.
A study published in CHEST found that patients with COPD who received oral nutrition supplements had shorter hospital stays (21.5% reduction), lower total hospital costs ($1,570), and a 13.1% reduction in 30-day readmission rates. This suggests that nutrition treatment can have positive health outcomes for older adults with COPD.
A study found that excess fat around the heart, measured by epicardial adipose tissue volume, is more closely associated with atrial fibrillation than BMI. The layer of fat was shown to correlate with scarring in the left atrium, increasing the risk of irregular heartbeat.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are investigating child resiliency in the face of abuse and neglect. Their studies aim to identify protective factors that promote resilience in maltreated children, informing interventions and programs for social workers and policymakers.
A recent study published in PNAS shows that young capillary vessels can rejuvenate aged pancreatic islets, suggesting a new way to treat age-dependent dysregulation of blood glucose levels. By replacing the islet vasculature with young capillaries, glucose homeostasis was fully restored.
A new screening method using pulse oximetry has detected 13 babies with previously unknown congenital heart defects in New Jersey. The screenings were mandated in licensed birthing facilities and resulted in the detection of undiagnosed critical congenital heart defects, which may have prevented significant disability or death.
Researchers found that even brief oxycodone exposure can impair cognitive flexibility in rats, leading to maladaptive decision-making. The study suggests that this 'cognitive hangover' may contribute to drug addiction.
A study by Indiana University found that setting specific family rules about healthy eating and sedentary behavior leads to healthier practices in children. Children from households with set guidelines were more likely to eat fruits and vegetables, limit screen time, and make healthier choices overall.
Mayo Clinic researchers have found a potential link between TNF inhibitors and increased risk of uveal melanoma in patients. Patients taking TNF inhibitors should undergo regular eye exams to monitor for any issues.
Several countries have launched brain research projects with big budgets and ambitious goals, aiming to make groundbreaking discoveries and develop new treatments for diseases. The initiatives are expected to drive rapid progress in the field of neuroscience, with a focus on global collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches.
A study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research found that forest protection policies alone will not reduce CO2 emissions from land-use change. Implementing comprehensive conservation schemes covering all land types is crucial, as intensifying agriculture can generate higher yields to compensate for reduced land availability.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a potential drug therapy for a rare, incurable pediatric brain tumor by targeting a genetic mutation. The experimental drug GSKJ4 delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered calcein inhibits TopBP1 activities, leading to anti-tumor effects. The study found calcein has potential as a treatment for multiple cancers, including breast and ovarian cancer.
A clinical trial found that hyperbaric oxygen treatment did not improve postconcussion symptoms in military members, but both the treatment and sham groups showed improvements compared to those who received no supplemental air chamber treatment. The study suggests that the observed improvements may be due to placebo effects.
UC Davis researchers use new techniques in electron microscopy to study HIV and other viruses. They find that the gp120 trimer associates with gp41 to form a structure that allows HIV to enter host cells. The study also reveals how viruses hijack cellular processes to enter cells, shedding light on potential vaccine targets.
Researchers from the University of Southampton have developed a new technique, Ultrafast photomodulation spectroscopy (UPMS), to help produce more reliable and robust next-generation photonic chips. This method uses ultraviolet laser pulses to change the refractive index of silicon in a tiny area on the chip.
According to a study, schools with all five USDA nutritional components were attended by only 1.8% and 0.3% of middle and high school students. The study found that having fruits or vegetables available, absence of higher-fat milk, and three or more standard components were associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity.
A genomic analysis of a newly discovered virus prevalent in symptomatic sea stars has linked Sea Star Associated Densovirus to the devastating wasting disease, potentially triggering an unprecedented ecological upheaval. The research lays the groundwork for understanding how the virus kills sea stars and what triggers outbreaks.
A Penn study found that only 15% of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators have thought about device deactivation in terminal illness, while 53% have advanced directives. The study suggests a disconnect between patients' awareness and clinicians' perspectives on ICD deactivation.
Researchers identify genes and networks that enable tiny Atlantic killifish to alter their body form in response to environmental changes, providing insight into phenotypic plasticity. The study's findings have substantial implications for understanding molecular evolution and its applications in climate change, medicine, and regenerat...
The Lake Van drilling project provides a unique 600,000-year archive of climate fluctuations and natural hazards, including six cycles of warm and cold periods. The analysis reveals the region's high risk for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
Scientists created a global geologic and tectonic map of asteroid Vesta, revealing a history of large impacts from massive meteorites. The oldest surviving crust predates the largest impact event, the Veneneia impact, which occurred around 2.1 billion years ago.
A team of Carnegie scientists synthesized a novel form of silicon with a quasi-direct band gap, suitable for high-efficiency solar applications. The new allotrope, Si24, has an open framework structure and is stable at ambient pressure, making it potentially more effective than conventional diamond-structured silicon
Researchers have identified a second protein, THSD7A, associated with membranous nephropathy, a common cause of kidney failure. This finding allows for the development of a new blood test to diagnose and monitor the disease, providing additional tools for clinicians to follow treatment response.
The study highlights the top 10 ways remote sensing can be used in conservation, including species distribution, ecosystem processes, and climate change. The authors hope to jumpstart a new collaborative initiative that provides guidance for space agencies and partners on advancing wildlife protection and protected area management.
Researchers at Stanford University have identified a brain structure that plays a crucial role in learning and memory, which becomes disrupted when the circadian clock is out of sync. The study found that surgically removing the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) from Siberian hamsters restored their memory abilities.
A study of over 6,100 British men found that those who paid for sex had twice as many lifetime sexual partners as the general population, but few were paid for. Young professionals with a taste for binge drinking and recreational drugs were more likely to engage in this behavior.
A systematic review of controlled trials involving adults and children found that diarrhea was over three times as likely in people taking amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while candidiasis was also associated with the use of this antibiotic combination. The study highlights under-reporting of harms in clinical trials.
The University of Texas at Arlington has been chosen to lead a $1.6 million initiative to connect researchers across the country studying digital learning's impact on higher education. The Digital Learning Research Network will benefit universities making the transition to digital learning and learners from underrepresented groups.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center found that calorie-restricted diets slowed the normal rise and fall of genes linked to aging and memory formation in the brain. The study used female mice fed food pellets with 30% fewer calories than controls, and tissue analyses showed a significant impact on gene expression.
Adding ezetimibe to statin therapy lowered cholesterol levels and reduced cardiovascular events by 6.4% in patients following heart attack, according to the IMPROVE-IT trial. The study found that adding ezetimibe resulted in a significant reduction in cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes.
A recent study found that retailers can increase the effectiveness of traditional marketing tactics by catering to shoppers' preferences for in-store and online environments. Tailoring service environments to satisfy different consumer preferences leads to more successful marketing efforts and increased revenues.
A mid-level solar flare was detected by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory on Nov 16, 2014, emerging from an active region that previously rotated across the front of the sun in October. The M5.7-class flare is a tenth the size of X-class flares and may disturb GPS and communications signals.
A promising anti-cancer approach targeting Malt1 protein's protease function in lymphoma cells may also cause destructive autoimmune inflammation when its other functions are preserved. Researchers discovered this unexpected side effect using an animal model, emphasizing the need for new alternatives to treat lymphomas.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified a method to rapidly prepare frozen red blood cells for transfusions, reducing the time-consuming process of thawing and removing glycerol from the blood. This breakthrough could make it feasible to use frozen blood in emergency situations, solving inefficiencies in the current system.
Researchers have identified a new protein, THSD7A, that turns the immune system against itself in kidney disease called membranous nephropathy (MN). This discovery enables the development of a blood test to diagnose MN, which can reduce the need for kidney biopsies by up to 85%.
A new analysis from a long-term study of over 1,000 New Zealanders found a strong relationship between low credit scores and poor cardiovascular health. The study also suggests that personal attributes such as self-control, planning ahead, and perseverance can predict both better financial status and better health.
A team of NYU and University of Barcelona physicists developed a method to control spin waves in magnetic materials, which can efficiently transfer energy and information. The breakthrough has the potential to improve information processing and reduce energy consumption.
Starting smoking by age 13 is linked to an increased risk of chronic severe period pain. Smoking constricts arterial blood flow and affects hormones involved in menstruation, which may contribute to the association.
A new study at Brown University found that reward overcomes retrieval-induced forgetting, a phenomenon where practicing certain facts suppresses recall of others. Volunteers who earned rewards during practice had improved recall of unpracticed fish category facts.
Researchers have rediscovered a large fiber pathway in the brain that was previously unknown, despite being visible in dozens of MRI scans. The vertical occipital fasciculus plays a role in visual processing and perception, and an algorithm has been developed to identify and measure its properties.
A new ultra-high-resolution NASA computer model provides a stunning visual portrait of how carbon dioxide travels around the globe. The simulation, called GEOS-5, illustrates regional variations in carbon dioxide levels and differences between northern and southern hemispheres.
Researchers successfully imaged carboxysome particles, a key component in photosynthetic bacteria's carbon fixation process, using an X-ray laser method. The technique enables single-particle imaging of objects with varying size and shape, shedding light on the structure and dynamics of life's smallest units.
A $2.3 million network will investigate molecular mechanisms of rare diseases in yeast, worms, flies, fish, mice and humans. The goal is to understand disease mechanisms and identify therapeutic pathways for treatment.
A Tel Aviv University study found that reptiles with reduced reproductive rates and plant-rich diets lived longer than those with faster growth and early reproduction. Herbivorous reptiles consumed fewer calories and took a more leisurely pace, leading to increased longevity.
A new study reveals that long-used field inventory plots are not representative of tropical forests, leading to biased results. Advanced three-dimensional forest mapping techniques provide a more accurate understanding of forest structures and systems on large geographic scales.
A new study identifies Ewing sarcoma-associated transcript 1 (EWSAT1) as a critical target of the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein, contributing to cancer cell growth and repression of key genes. This finding supports the notion that long noncoding RNAs can drive cancer development and highlights an important mediator in Ewing Sarcoma.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified over 3,000 new gene mutations involved in certain kidney cancers. The study reveals how these mutations transform a normal kidney cell into a cancer cell through the interaction of two genes, VHL and BAP1.
B cells use a unique migration strategy in the bone marrow that allows them to exit slowly and be passively swept out by blood flow. The researchers found that the absence of CXCR4 significantly slows down B cell movement, highlighting the importance of this protein in regulating immune cell egress.
Preliminary research suggests that secondhand marijuana smoke can damage blood vessels as much as tobacco smoke, raising concerns about its impact on cardiovascular health. The study found that blood vessel function dropped by 70% after exposure to secondhand marijuana smoke.
The Heart of New Ulm Project demonstrated population-level improvements in blood pressure and lipids, with increases in residents meeting blood pressure and LDL cholesterol goals. Lifestyle changes, such as weight loss, quitting smoking, and increased physical activity, also showed significant effects on HDL levels and total cholestero...
Hospital admissions for acute aortic dissection increased during peak flu season in the US, according to research. Researchers found a notable correlation between flu activity and AAD admissions from 2001-2013.