Not everyone wants cheering up, new study suggests
A new study found that people with low self-esteem resist positive reframing and prefer negative validation from loved ones. Supporting friends with low self-esteem can be frustrating and tiring.
Science News for June 24, 2014
Combo tumor imaging can distinguish malignant & benign breast tumors, help avoid biopsies
A new imaging technique combining four approaches can distinguish between malignant and benign breast tumors with high accuracy, potentially avoiding unnecessary biopsies. The multiparameter PET-MRI method showed a 96% success rate in distinguishing malignant from benign tumors.
Next generation internet will arrive without fanfare, network architects say
A new generation of internet is being developed with improved security, greater mobility and other features, researchers say. The transition will be gradual and seamless, with small groups adopting new apps and software before the old Internet disappears.
International Tree Nut Council study results may help people with type 2 diabetes
Researchers found that incorporating two ounces of tree nuts into the diet reduced CHD risk factors and 10-year CHD risk. The study's findings suggest that tree nuts can modify the fatty acid profile of adults with type 2 diabetes, contributing to a reduction in CHD risk.
New transdermal SARM drug for muscle-wasting offers hope for older cancer patients
A new transdermal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) drug may help older cancer patients build muscle without harming liver function or HDL levels. The novel compound, AUSRM-057, avoids negative impacts on prostate health, making it a promising treatment option.
How to protect an American wildlife legacy
A new study explores the critical role of science in informing conservation action and its limitations. The authors examine the creation of Wyoming's Path of the Pronghorn migration corridor, highlighting the importance of public outreach, engagement, and collaboration with energy producers to achieve successful conservation outcomes.
Cancer: The roots of evil go deep in time
Researchers at Kiel University discovered primordial cancer in a primitive animal, Hydra, which provides crucial information to understand complex problems like cancer. The study confirms that tumours exist in evolutionary old animals and affect only female Hydra polyps, resembling ovarian cancers in humans.
Prior drug use is the greatest predictor of ecstasy use US high school seniors
A study by New York University's Center for Drug Use and HIV Research found that prior drug use is the greatest predictor of ecstasy use among US high school seniors. The study analyzed data from over 26,000 students between 2007-2012 and identified sociodemographic risk factors, including other substance use, income, and residence.
Study finds world's protected areas not protecting biodiversity, but there is room for hope
A new study reveals that existing protected areas are insufficient in safeguarding the world's most threatened species, with 85% of endangered mammals, birds, and amphibians unprotected. The authors recommend expanding protected areas to target high-threat species currently lacking protection.
3D Mammography finds more invasive cancers and reduces unnecessary recalls
A large retrospective study published in JAMA found that 3D mammography significantly increases detection of invasive cancers (41% increase) while reducing unnecessary recalls for false alarms. The technology also improves detection of all breast cancers by 29%.
Mining mountains of data for medical insights
Researchers developed a new method to predict disease progression by analyzing Denmark's entire population health records. The approach revealed surprising correlations between diseases, such as gout and cardiovascular disease, and showed that certain diagnoses are often followed by others in a causal sequence.
Researchers at Intermountain Medical Center develop new smartphone technology and app to diagnose and monitor adrenal gland diseases
Researchers at Intermountain Medical Center developed a simple saliva test that uses a smartphone to quantify and interpret cortisol levels in five minutes. This new technology helps identify adrenal insufficiency, monitor cortisol replacement, and assess physiologic changes in adrenal function.
New study uses blizzard to measure wind turbine airflow
A team of University of Minnesota researchers used natural snow to measure airflow around large wind turbines, revealing significant differences in patterns at the large-scale compared to lab measurements. This technique is crucial for improving wind energy efficiency, which can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
To advance care for patients with brain metastases: Reject five myths
Brain cancer specialists argue that current science is guiding compromising care, emphasizing the need for individualized treatment approaches. They identify five misconceptions that lead to poorer care, including assuming all tumor cell types act similarly and neglecting important biological differences.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery may reduce heart disease risk
A new clinical trial shows that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery can help obese patients with Type 2 diabetes reduce their risk of heart disease. The study found significant weight loss and improved blood sugar control, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels in the surgical group compared to the lifestyle modification group.
Addition of 3-D imaging technique to mammography increases breast cancer detection rate
The study found that adding tomosynthesis to mammography increased cancer detection rates by 27% and reduced false-positive results, while also decreasing unnecessary tests and biopsies. This technology has the potential to optimize patient outcomes from mammography screening.
University of Illinois to receive Energy Frontier Research Center awards
The University of Illinois is involved in five newly funded Energy Frontier Research Centers, including the 'Center for Geologic Storage of CO2' which aims to reduce uncertainties surrounding carbon dioxide storage. The center will receive $2-4 million per year and involves a team of researchers from several academic institutions.
Study finds high CD4 cell counts associated with reduced risk of ischemic stroke for those with HIV
A 15-year study found that HIV-positive individuals with high CD4 cell counts had no excess risk of ischemic stroke compared to HIV-negative subjects. This suggests that maintaining immune function may protect against ischemic stroke.
Pew grants 22 young scientists support for biomedical research
The Pew Charitable Trusts has awarded 22 young scientists with funding to investigate pressing health problems through the Pew Biomedical Scholars program. This initiative supports top U.S. researchers at the assistant professor level, providing flexible funding for four years to seed innovation in their independent research careers.
What millennials want
Millennials prioritize taste, innovation, and environmental sustainability in their food choices. Companies are adapting to meet their demands by adopting socially responsible practices and incorporating customer feedback.
Hormones affect voting behavior, Nebraska researchers find
Researchers found that low levels of the stress hormone cortisol are strongly correlated with voting behavior, while age is also a predictor. The study suggests that biological factors can play a role in voter turnout, complementing social and demographic variables.
Sleep, mood improves after substantial weight loss
A new study by the Endocrine Society found that obese adults who lose at least 5 percent of their body weight report better sleep and mood after six months. The study also discovered that weight loss improves sleep quality and mood regardless of how the individuals lost the weight.
Elsevier chosen to publish American Dental Association's flagship journal
The American Dental Association has entered into an agreement with Elsevier to publish its flagship publication, The Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA), starting January 1, 2015. This partnership aims to enhance JADA's position among leading dental journals and accelerate its progress in advancing oral health.
The great salmon run algorithm
A team of engineers developed an optimization algorithm inspired by salmon migration patterns, successfully solving 25 benchmarking problems and finding optimal solutions for laser setup. The Great Salmon Run (TGSR) algorithm outperformed conventional genetic algorithms in most cases, converging faster to optimal solutions.
SourceInderscience Publishers·JournalInternational Journal of Computer Applications in Technology·DateJun 24, 2014
Morphable surfaces could cut air resistance
MIT researchers have developed smart morphable surfaces that can change their surface texture to reduce drag and improve efficiency. By mimicking the effect of golf ball dimples, these surfaces can cut air resistance in half at lower speeds, with a reduction in drag very similar to that of golf balls.
Researchers publish one of the longest longitudinal studies of cognition in MS
A longitudinal study of 22 MS patients found significant declines in cognitive function, including processing speed and memory, over an 18-year period. The study provides valuable insights into the natural evolution of cognitive changes in MS.
New anti-homosexuality laws threaten health as well as liberties
The article highlights the dangers of new anti-homosexuality laws that restrict freedoms, healthcare access, and create a climate of fear. These laws can lead to increased rates of HIV transmission, torture, and murder of LGBTQ+ activists, underscoring the need for continued research and support.
Metal particles in solids aren't as fixed as they seem, new memristor study shows
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered that metal particles in memristors can migrate and form bridges between electrodes, allowing for more efficient chip design and potential advancements in memristor technology. The findings, published in Nature Communications, have broad implications for the semiconductor industry.
Stem cell transplantation for severe sclerosis associated with improved long-term survival
A study found that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation significantly improved long-term survival in patients with severe, life-threatening systemic sclerosis. In contrast, patients treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide experienced more adverse events and decreased overall survival.
Schizophrenia and cannabis use may share common genes
A study by King's College London suggests that genes increasing schizophrenia risk also contribute to higher cannabis use. Individuals genetically predisposed to schizophrenia are more likely to use and consume cannabis in greater quantities.
A fifth of children visiting their doctor with a persistent cough could have whooping cough
A study found that a fifth of UK school age children visiting their doctor with a persistent cough could have whooping cough, even if they have been fully vaccinated. The research suggests that an adolescent booster vaccination is needed to protect against pertussis infection.
Study suggests prayer can build unity in diverse organizations
Researchers found that interfaith group prayers serve as a 'bridging cultural practice' in diverse organizations, promoting shared identities and unity. The study's findings suggest that embracing diversity and incorporating meaningful collective practices can lead to greater organizational effectiveness.
Youth with autism spectrum disorder need better health care transition services
A recent study revealed that less than 25% of young adults with ASD secure employment, live independently, and possess adequate social networks. Cheak-Zamora's research aims to develop resources for youth, families, and health care providers to increase independence among young adults with autism.
Mayo Clinic researchers say gene in brain linked to kidney cancer
Researchers at Mayo Clinic discovered that the NPTX2 gene is heavily involved in promoting clear cell renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer. The study reveals that NPTX2 plays a key role in this cancer type, which is resistant to chemotherapy and has a low five-year overall survival rate.
Master regulator of key cancer gene found, offers new drug target
Researchers have discovered a partnership between MYC and non-coding RNA PVT1 that fuels cancer cells. This finding could lead to the development of drugs targeting PVT1, potentially controlling major cancer genes like MYC.
Consumers looking for reduced sugar and salt in food products more than low- and no-fat
A majority of US consumers want to reduce their sugar and salt intake, with many prioritizing flavor and local sourcing. Food manufacturers are responding by lowering salt and sugar levels in products, reflecting changing consumer attitudes towards health and nutrition.
Hidden origins of pulmonary hypertension revealed by network modeling
A study published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that the miR-130/301 microRNA family regulates diverse target genes, orchestrating a global proliferative response in diseased blood vessels. This discovery provides new therapeutic targets for treating pulmonary hypertension.
Ghost writing the whip
Researchers at National University of Singapore develop marked ghost imaging technology to secure stored or shared electronic data. The technology hides data contents in multiple foggy files, making it harder for hackers to access.
Chronic migraine has a substantial impact on marriage and parenting
A new study found that chronic migraine significantly impacts family relationships and activities, causing feelings of guilt, anger, and annoyance towards family members. Chronic migraine is also linked to reduced quality time with partners and children, cancelled vacation plans, and avoidance of sexual intimacy.
The Lancet Psychiatry: Adults with Asperger Syndrome at significantly higher risk of suicidal thoughts than the general population
A large-scale clinical study found that adults with Asperger Syndrome are nine times more likely to experience suicidal thoughts compared to the general population. The study also revealed a significant link between depression and increased risk of suicidal ideation in this group.
Regional anesthesia cuts length of stay, mortality vs. general anesthesia in hip fracture surgery
Patients who received regional anesthesia had a significantly lower length of stay (6 days vs. 6.3 days) than those who received general anesthesia, with no significant difference in 30-day mortality rates. The study also found poorer outcomes for nursing home residents following hip fracture surgery.
Three NYU faculty receive awards from Pew Charitable Trusts
Three NYU faculty members, Agnel Sfeir, Ezequiel Arneodo, and Yuriria Vázquez Zúñiga, have been awarded by the Pew Charitable Trusts. They will conduct postdoctoral research in cancer and biomedical sciences, with a focus on novel therapies and scientific leadership development.
3D mammography detects more invasive cancers and reduces call-back rates
A recent study published in JAMA found that 3D mammography significantly improves detection of invasive breast cancers, reducing call-back rates by 15%. This technology has shown promise in improving breast cancer screening outcomes, particularly for younger women and those with dense breast tissue.
Sweet sweet straw
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed a method to produce erythritol, a natural sweetener, from ordinary straw using genetically modified mould fungi. The process eliminates the need for expensive enzymes and molasses, making it more sustainable.
Engineered bacteria keep mice lean
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that engineered bacteria can prevent weight gain in mice by producing a compound called NAPE, which signals the brain to stop eating. Mice fed high-fat food with NAPE-producing bacteria exhibited limited weight gain and associated symptoms.
3-D printer for the world's largest delta?
Researchers used geochemical fingerprints to reconstruct the history of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta, finding a history of mobile river systems that built the delta like a 3-D printer. This understanding is crucial for the 150 million people living on the delta, who face regular flooding and erosion.
Restricting competitors could help threatened species cope with climate change
Researchers found that competing with sheep had a far greater effect on Chamois than predicted effects of future climate change. The study reveals an alternative strategy to help threatened species adapt to climate change by restricting competitor expansion.
Gastric bypass surgery improves diabetic patients' quality of life
A new study found that gastric bypass surgery leads to a greater reduction in adverse effects of obesity on quality of life compared to intensive weight loss programs. Patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery lost an average of 64.4 pounds and reported a 60% greater reduction in diabetes-related problems.
Researchers mapping your route from illness to illness
Researchers analyzed data from 6.2 million Danes over 14.9 years to identify patterns and correlations between diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The study provides insights into the complex interactions between genes, proteins, and diseases, paving the way for tailored treatment approaches.
Pew awards research funding to 10 Latin American scientists
The Pew Charitable Trusts has awarded research funding to 10 Latin American scientists through its Biomedical Sciences program. The fellowship provides flexible funding and networking opportunities to help early-career scientists develop skills and connections that will aid them in becoming scientific leaders in their home countries.
NIH awards $10.7 million to University of Maryland School of Medicine
Researchers at University of Maryland School of Medicine will examine the role of kynurenic acid in schizophrenia, a devastating psychiatric disease affecting one percent of people worldwide. The study aims to uncover its potential linchpin role and develop new treatment interventions.
Expert outlines challenges of visual accessibility for people with low vision
The article discusses the need for practical models of low vision to predict real-world object visibility, as well as research on increasing reading accessibility through electronic readers. Dr. Legge's work emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, developers, and design professionals.
Computer-aided diagnosis of rare genetic disorders from family snaps
Researchers developed a computer programme that recognizes facial features in photographs to diagnose rare genetic disorders. The algorithm improves accuracy by learning from a growing bank of photographs and identifying clusters of patients with the same condition.
RIKEN press release: Pushing cells towards a higher pluripotency state
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that CCL2 can activate the JAK/STAT pathway and increase stem cell colony attachment, differentiation efficiency, and X chromosome reactivation. The researchers also found higher expression of genes related to hypoxic response, suggesting a potential link between cellular stress and pluri...
From deep sea to deep space
Creating and optimizing food for astronauts, soldiers, and individuals in extreme conditions is crucial. Researchers are working on developing lighter, tastier, and more nutritious prepackaged foods with longer shelf life to meet the needs of six-person crews on Mars missions.
New research finds that cell phones reflect our personal microbiome
Researchers found 82% of common bacteria on participants' fingers also present on their smartphones. Women were more closely connected to their phones than men, with the most commonly found bacteria including Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium.
Cell division discovery could optimise timing of chemotherapy and explain some cancers
Researchers discovered that cell division in mammalian cells synchronises with the body's daily rhythm, known as the circadian clock. This synchronization can help explain why people with disrupted circadian rhythms are more susceptible to cancer and may also inform an optimal timing for administering chemotherapy.
Can coral save our oceans?
Soft coral tissue has been found to protect reef skeletons from declining pH levels, potentially providing a new approach to preserving coral reefs. The study, published in PLOS One, highlights the resilience of soft corals and their potential role in maintaining the health of coral reefs.
UF part of research team that finds equine influenza virus in camels
A University of Florida research team has identified the first known case of an equine influenza virus in camels. The discovery highlights the potential role of camels in the ecology of zoonotic diseases and raises concerns about public health.
Adult hospital deaths in England related to patient safety suggest areas for intervention
A study of all adult deaths in English hospitals from 2010-2012 found that falls and healthcare-associated infections were the most frequent incident types, accounting for one in five reported deaths. Deficiencies in checking and oversight accounted for 11% of incidents, including medication errors and misinterpretation of test results.
Synthetic triterpenoids show promise in preventing colitis-associated colon cancer
Researchers discover synthetic triterpenoids suppress colon cancer onset by impeding inflammation and increasing 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase gene expression. Oral administration in mice shows promise for chemoprevention, with potential to delay or halt colon cancer development.
Meeting Aichi biodiversity targets for protected areas
A study published in PLOS Biology found that many protected areas are established on low-value land, failing to protect endangered species. The researchers propose a 'happy medium' where countries can achieve significant biodiversity benefits with minimal lost-opportunity costs.
High doses of antibiotics may have the potential to promote increased cross-resistance
Researchers used experimental evolution to study E. coli populations under strong and mild antibiotic selection conditions. They found higher cross-resistance in strongly selected strains with increased pathway-specific mutations.
SourceSMBE Journals (Molecular Biology and Evolution and Genome Biology and Evolution)·JournalMolecular Biology and Evolution·DateJun 24, 2014
Team explains how mutated X-linked mental retardation protein impairs neuron function
Research reveals how mutated OPHN1 protein disrupts AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity, contributing to X-linked intellectual disability. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying this condition.
CU-Boulder, NCAR researchers seek to reduce deadly air pollution from cooking emissions
Researchers at CU-Boulder and NCAR aim to reduce deadly air pollution from residential cooking using technology and behavioral change. They'll measure pollution levels in west Africa and assess health impacts on households using modern cookstoves.
Novel biomarker predicts febrile seizure-related epilepsy, UCI study finds
A novel biomarker predicts which individuals will develop epilepsy after febrile seizures, according to a UC Irvine study. The diagnostic ability could lead to improved use of preventive therapies for the disorder.
NTU study shows puzzle games can improve mental flexibility
A recent study by Nanyang Technological University scientists found that playing puzzle games like Cut the Rope can significantly improve executive functions in adults. Players showed improved ability to switch tasks, adapt to new situations, and block out distractions.
A collaboration of minds and metal
Researchers at Princeton University have made a groundbreaking collaboration between two areas of research, enabling the formation of previously impossible bonds. The breakthrough uses photoredox catalysis and nickel catalysis to create powerful new reactions with unprecedented efficiency and scalability.
New possibilities for leukemia therapy with a novel mode of leukemia cell recognition
Researchers identify a novel mode of cancer cell recognition by the immune system, opening up new possibilities for leukemia immunotherapy. A specific group of immune cells, called mLPA-specific T-cells, recognize and destroy leukemia cells triggered by the newly identified lipids.
SourceBiomedical Sciences Institutes (BMSI)·JournalJournal of Experimental Medicine·DateJun 24, 2014
Food scientists working to diminish, mask bitter tastes in foods
Researchers are working to diminish and mask bitter tastes in foods due to genetic sensitivity issues. Food additives such as lactisole and phantom aromas can effectively reduce bitterness perception, making food more palatable.
Group recommends removing sexual orientation-related disorders from the ICD
A working group recommends removing sexual orientation-related disorders from the ICD to improve healthcare access for LGBTQ individuals. The move could lead to improved treatment and reduced risk of mistreatment, such as conversion therapy.
SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalBulletin of the World Health Organization·DateJun 24, 2014
Crab and other crustacean shells may help prevent and treat inflammatory disease
Researchers have discovered that chitin microparticles from crab shells can reduce inflammation in animal models and improve symptoms associated with IBD. The findings could lead to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for this chronic disease.
Virus kills triple negative breast cancer cells, tumor cells in mice
Researchers discovered that a virus called AAV2 can kill triple-negative breast cancer cells and tumors in mice, with no adverse effects. The virus initiates apoptosis, or natural cell death, without affecting healthy cells, offering new possibilities for treatment of aggressive breast cancer.
Facelock: A new password alternative which plays to the strengths of human memory
Facelock, a new password alternative, utilizes human face recognition to provide secure authentication. By leveraging the strengths of human memory, it eliminates the need for memorization and makes the system naturally robust.
Animal study unveils predictive marker for epilepsy development following febrile seizure
An animal study found that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect brain changes in young rats hours after a fever-induced seizure, indicating those at risk for developing epilepsy later in life. The MRI signal was not visible in rats that remained epilepsy-free.
NOAA GOES-R satellite black wing ready for flight
The GOES-R satellite's solar array provides a stable platform to track the sun's movement, powering critical instruments like EXIS and ABI. The advanced spacecraft will result in more timely and accurate weather forecasts, enhancing public safety and economic health.
Gender differences could mean more risk for cardiovascular death
Research shows women with Type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol have poorer adherence to statin medication, leading to lower LDL cholesterol levels compared to men. The study highlights the need for gender-based evaluation and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients.
Young researcher discovers source of disco clams' light show
Lindsey Dougherty, a University of California graduate student, has discovered the source of the disco clam's flashing light show - tiny silica nanospheres on its mirrored lip. The nanospheres reflect blue light, creating the clams' distinctive rippling display.
SourceUniversity of California - Berkeley·JournalJournal of The Royal Society Interface·DateJun 24, 2014
Frederic Bushman, Ph.D. receives Pioneer Award for advancing therapeutic gene delivery methods
Dr. Frederic D. Bushman is recognized for his pioneering work on HIV reproduction and its application to advancing gene delivery methods. His research has contributed to the development of new vectors and targeting methods, informing safety profiles.
Quick, easy, inexpensive cortisol testing should soon be available on all smartphones
Researchers have developed a device that uses smartphones to measure cortisol levels in saliva, providing an inexpensive alternative to current lab-based tests. The new technology is expected to cost less than $5 and take less than 10 minutes to administer.
More magazine freelance writer receives Endocrine Society journalism award
Cathryn Jakobson Ramin received the Endocrine Society's Award for Excellence in Science and Medical Journalism for her investigation into hormone compounding risks. Her article, 'The Hormone Hoax Thousands Fall For', found inconsistencies in hormone prescriptions across multiple pharmacies.
How aging can intensify damage of spinal cord injury
Researchers found that immune cells in the central nervous system of elderly mice fail to activate an important signaling pathway, lowering chances for repair after spinal cord injury. In contrast, young adult mice showed a functional repair response.
Helpful bouncing babies show that moving together to music builds bonds
A study by McMaster University researchers found that 14-month-old babies were more likely to help another person after bouncing up and down in time to music. The findings suggest that synchronous movement with others helps form social bonds between adults and infants, leading to increased altruistic behavior.
UMMS scientists show that monarch butterflies employ a magnetic compass during migration
Researchers found that monarchs employ a light-dependent, inclination magnetic compass system for navigation similar to larger-brained migratory vertebrates like birds and sea turtles. The study suggests the compass serves as an important backup system when daylight cues are unavailable.
Research needed on approaches to prevent attacks on health care during armed conflict
The PLOS Medicine editors call for more research on approaches to preventing deliberate attacks on health care facilities and health workers during armed conflict. Despite increased international initiatives and conferences, attacks on healthcare have escalated, causing significant harm to populations.
New technology: The goose bump sensor
A team of researchers at KAIST has developed a flexible, wearable sensor that can directly measure goose bumps on the skin, which is caused by sudden changes in body temperature or emotional states. The sensor uses a coplanar capacitor and detects piloerection through a simple linear relation between deformation and capacitance change.
Trained evaluators can successfully screen for premie eye disease from miles away
A new multicenter study validated a telemedicine approach to screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a leading cause of treatable blindness in preterm babies. Trained non-physician evaluators accurately identified high-risk eyes, suggesting this method could help prevent thousands of kids from going blind.
CNIO researcher Ana Losada revises the role of cohesin in cancer
New mutations in cohesin proteins are common in various cancers, including bladder cancer and melanoma. Cohesin regulates cell division and DNA repair, making it a potential driver or facilitator for tumours.
SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)·JournalNature Reviews Cancer·DateJun 24, 2014
The National Health Service -- committed to failure?
A recent study by Marianna Fotaki and Paula Hyde reveals how organizations, like the NHS, can become trapped in unrealistic policies and defensive behavior. The authors argue that unconscious social demands and the pressure to demonstrate success drive escalation of commitment, leading to greater material losses.
BMI measurement may be missing 25 percent of children who could be considered obese
A Mayo Clinic study found that body mass index (BMI) might be missing 25 percent of children who are overweight despite having a normal BMI. This omission raises serious long-term health concerns for these children.
Estrogen receptor β limits breast cancer growth and indicates outcome
Activation of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) has been shown to limit tumor cell growth in breast cancer. In mouse models, cancer cells with activated ERβ did not grow well. Conversely, breast cancer patients with activated ERβ in their tissue had increased disease-free survival rates.
Pew and the Stewart Trust launch scholars program targeting cancer
The Pew Charitable Trusts and Alexander and Margaret Stewart Trust launched a new scholars program targeting cancer research. Five promising early-career scientists will receive funding for innovative research using genetics, pharmacology, and structural biology.
Those with episodic amnesia are not 'stuck in time,' says philosopher Carl Craver
A recent study challenges the idea that individuals with episodic amnesia are unable to understand time, revealing they retain temporal consciousness and can order events on a timeline. This discovery opens up new questions about memory and its relationship to human understanding of time.
UT Arlington nanoparticles could provide easier route for cell therapy
Researchers at UT Arlington have developed a method using laser technology and magnetic carbon nanoparticles to deliver drugs and genes directly into cancer cells. The new photothermal delivery method has shown promise in lab experiments, offering an alternative to viruses for gene therapy and potentially treating genetic conditions, c...
Energy drinks raise new questions about caffeine's safety
A recent panel discussion at the Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting & Expo highlighted the need to identify vulnerable populations and fill research gaps related to caffeine's interactions with other energy drink ingredients. The FDA has begun an internal evaluation of caffeine's safety and is expected to issue guidelines.
Regional anesthesia cuts length of stay vs. general anesthesia in hip fracture surgery
A study of over 56,000 adults undergoing hip repair found regional anesthesia was associated with a modestly shorter length of hospital stay but not a lower risk of death. The use of regional anesthesia may reduce postoperative complications and could lead to improved quality of care.
3-D computer model may help refine target for deep brain stimulation therapy for dystonia
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai have created 3-D computer models to map the brain region involved in dystonia, identifying an anatomical target for further study. The models provide information for neurologists and neurosurgeons to consider when planning surgery and making device programming decisions.
Experts cite 'misconceptions' on brain metastases
Experts cite five historical misconceptions in brain metastases research, including assuming all histologies are equal and neglecting total tumor burden. A new article calls for 'fresh thinking' and critical analyses to advance treatment.
Young women with PCOS are 5 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes
A large-scale study found that young women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have a higher incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes, even if not overweight. Obesity is not a significant trigger for type 2 diabetes in PCOS patients.
Study finds world's protected areas not protecting biodiversity
A new study found that existing protected areas are insufficient in safeguarding the world's imperilled biodiversity, with 85% of threatened mammal, bird, and amphibian species not adequately protected. The authors recommend linking protected area expansion to high-threat species coverage to increase conservation chances.