Interim results show omitted radiotherapy associated with higher early relapse rates in stage I/II Hodgkin's lymphoma. The study found no significant differences in progression-free survival between standard and experimental treatment arms.
A global approach is necessary to combat massive data breaches like the one that hit Target, a Michigan State University cyber security expert argues. The report found that many hackers operate in Russia or on websites where users communicate in Russian, making it harder for authorities to track them.
A 16-week healthy lifestyle program taught in American Sign Language resulted in moderate improvements in weight and physical activity among deaf adults. The study, led by Dr. Steven Barnett, found that 58.3% of participants lost at least 5% of their baseline weight.
A new species of large-bodied, feathered oviraptorosaurian theropod dinosaur has been discovered in western North America. The dinosaur, Anzu wyliei, had a crested skull, long neck, and large claws, with an approximate body length of 3.5 m and a body mass of about 200-300 kg.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a new processing technique that increases luminescence in LEDs by coating gallium nitride (GaN) with phosphorus-derived acid. This enhances the material's stability, making it more suitable for biomedical applications such as implantable sensors.
The EU's unilateral leadership in reducing greenhouse gases can limit the 2-degree target overshoot to 0.2-0.4°C, with lower costs for late-comers who delay action but face higher transitional challenges once they decarbonize. Carbon leakage is estimated to be small.
A study published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology found that histamine plays a role in protecting tumors from the immune system. By blocking histamine production, researchers were able to interrupt a process promoting melanoma growth.
Scientists discovered three fossil specimens of a new stick insect species that mimicked plants for defense, predating twig and bark mimicry. The ancient insects' wings and coloration suggested a plant-mimicking strategy, providing insight into early evolutionary adaptations.
Researchers have developed a new technology that uses 'nano-flares' to detect metastatic breast cancer cells in blood samples, which could lead to earlier diagnosis and improved treatment options. The technology has shown promising results in animal tests and is currently being experimented with human samples.
New radar measurements suggest Ligeia Mare on Titan is eerily still, with surface waves smaller than one millimeter. The solid terrain surrounding the sea may be composed of solid organic materials instead of frozen water, similar to Earth's early evolution.
A study found that premature babies supported by high-frequency oscillation had superior lung function in adolescence, with improved breathing abilities and enhanced cognitive skills. The findings suggest a potential shift in ventilation practices in UK neonatal units.
Researchers discovered that geologic cycles, including mountain formation and chemical weathering, play a crucial role in balancing atmospheric CO2 levels. This balance helps prevent the planet from becoming too hot or too cold, allowing life to thrive.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found three types of potentially harmful gut microbes in preterm babies who developed late-onset sepsis: E. coli, group B strep, and S. marcescens. These findings suggest new strategies to detect and prevent severe bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Parkinson's patients without dementia show impaired ability to learn new information, but not recall or recognition of previously learned material. This study suggests that improving new learning is crucial for cognitive rehabilitation interventions.
A Cornell University study found that neotropical orchid bees' habitats could be reduced by 30-50% due to future dry climate changes. However, male orchid bees' mobility allows them to maintain connectivity and healthy bee populations.
Researchers found a social feedback loop between parents and children is essential for speech development, but this loop occurs less frequently and is weaker in autistic interactions. The study used audio recordings to analyze interactions and found that higher maternal education was associated with faster speech development.
The discovery of Anzu wyliei provides the first comprehensive look at the Caenagnathidae group, a mysterious theropod dinosaur family. The nearly complete skeleton reveals a bird-like creature with characteristics such as a toothless beak and feathered forelimbs.
Lauren Strober, a neuropsychologist at Kessler Foundation, has been awarded a $75,000 Patterson Trust Award to investigate factors influencing employment in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Her research aims to address the high rate of unemployment among MS patients and explore long-term outcomes associated with leaving the workforce.
Genetic analysis of fossilized feces on Tiburón Island in Mexico suggests the island was once home to a native bighorn sheep population. The discovery raises questions about the species' extinction and potential rewilding efforts.
Students at both universities will learn to break into and protect hardware, software, and data through hands-on experiments. The program aims to educate future users, developers, and controllers of computer systems on how to defend against cyber attacks.
Researchers have discovered a feedback loop between IL-6 and microRNA-34a that promotes tumor cell mobility and metastasis. The loop involves the activation of STAT3, which represses miR-34a production and leads to increased tumor-promoting proteins.
A study published in Surveys in Geophysics found that the hydrological model WaterGAP underestimates seasonal continental water storage fluctuations and fails to retain rainwater for a long time. The researchers used GPS observations and GRACE satellite data to identify shortcomings in the model.
A new stool-based screening test, Cologuard, detected 92% of colorectal cancer and 42% of advanced pre-cancerous lesions, outperforming a commercial occult blood fecal immunochemical test. The non-invasive test allows patients to collect samples at home, increasing the potential for higher cancer screening rates.
Research from Queen Mary University of London found that youth, wealth, and education are associated with an increased risk of sympathies for terrorist acts. Those under 20, in full-time education, or high earners were more likely to show sympathy for violent protest and terrorism.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a novel method to objectively measure a person's desire to eat, which could lead to more effective anti-obesity treatments. The method uses brain activity tracking and hand-grip intensity to assess motivation for food rewards, providing a more accurate reflection of true hunger.
Tropical Storm Mike formed in the Southern Pacific Ocean on March 19, according to NOAA's GOES-West satellite. The storm has generated warnings for the Southern Cook Islands and is expected to move quickly to the south-southeast before potentially becoming extra-tropical.
African wildlife faces devastating effects from pesticide use, with a new study uncovering widespread killing of species. The research calls for regional centers to identify hotspots and promote chemical testing, education, and public engagement to combat poisoning.
Patients who joined a social group and developed a stronger connection with its members experienced reduced symptoms of depression. The study suggests that the 'group' aspect of social interaction is critical in alleviating depression.
Researchers found fractal nature in football dynamics, with ball and player positions exhibiting self-similarity. The study suggests the superiority of one team persists for only 30 seconds before changing hands.
A study by University of Eastern Finland found that frequent alcohol consumption increases stroke mortality risk, particularly among middle-aged men. The study showed a threefold higher risk for those who consume alcohol more than twice a week compared to non-consumers.
The remnants of Tropical Cyclone Gillian have moved into the Indian Ocean and triggered warnings for parts of Indonesia. NASA's Aqua satellite captured a visible image of the re-organizing tropical low pressure area, showing it to be well-defined and consolidated.
Clemson University scientist Lesly Temesvari receives a $147,157 NIH grant to study the stress response in Entamoeba histolytica and potentially develop new therapeutic targets. The research aims to interrupt the parasite's survival mechanisms, which could lead to the discovery of new treatments for the disease.
Researchers led by Maria Belen Cassera aim to identify new drug targets for preventing malaria transmission by studying the metabolism of the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The project focuses on understanding the role of isoprenoids in early stages of gametocytogenesis.
The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research releases a special issue on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), highlighting its negative effects and need for recognition. Studies from various countries explore prevention, treatment, and care for individuals with FASD.
Scientists at NRL detected water vapor in the atmosphere of tau Boo b, a hot Jupiter outside our solar system. The team measured the motion of the planet to establish its presence and determined it's six times more massive than Jupiter.
QUT Professor Colleen Nelson leads an international team of researchers in developing new drugs and treatments for aggressive prostate cancer. The team aims to understand the impact of current treatments on metabolic dysfunction and patient wellbeing, with the goal of improving treatment outcomes.
The new guidelines are expected to result in 12.8 million more U.S. adults taking statins, with the majority being people over 60 years old. The expanded criteria for statin use are based on a risk-assessment score and may lead to higher statin prescriptions among older men and healthy women.
A new class of BTK inhibiting drugs has shown significant improvements in patients with terminal forms of leukemia and lymphoma. The treatment has virtually no side effects and improves a patient's life expectancy and quality of life.
A recent study published in the journal Fire and Materials found that titanium alloy golf clubs can ignite fires when striking rocks in the rough. The researchers discovered that sparks from these clubs can reach temperatures of over 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, posing a significant risk to dry foliage.
Breast cancer is a significant global health issue, with over 1.6 million new cases diagnosed annually. The disease disproportionately affects low-income countries, where late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options contribute to high mortality rates.
Research in mice suggests that autism is characterized by reduced inhibitory neuron activity and increased excitatory neuron activity, but low doses of certain anxiety medications can restore balance. This finding provides a potential new treatment strategy for managing core autistic deficits.
Scientists have discovered fossils of elapid snakes, including cobras and sea snakes, in Africa dating back to 25 million years ago. The findings suggest that seasonal habitats may have given rise to active hunters earlier than previously reported.
Researchers have created the first maps of neural activity in behaving zebrafish, recording activity from single cells to entire brains. The study reveals stereotyped patterns of activity between individuals, enabling a functional atlas of the brain to be built.
A new study from the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine found that long-term survivors of esophagectomy with gastric pull-up can enjoy a satisfying meal and good quality of life. The study concluded that pessimism about the long-term quality of life after esophagectomy is unwarranted.
A Concordia University study found that snowplows are the main culprit in erasing roadway markings, which can lead to traffic accidents. To address this issue, researchers suggest using more expensive and durable epoxy paint, which could save lives in the long run.
Researchers at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute found a new cellular pathway that helps keep blood sugar levels low in obese or pre-diabetic people, which may prevent the onset of Type 2 diabetes. The discovery could lead to new targets for improving beta cell functionality and treating type 2 diabetes.
A team of MIT chemists has designed a way to manufacture peptides in mere hours, which could have a major impact on peptide drug development. The new system can assemble an entire peptide in under an hour, allowing for rapid testing and design of new peptides.
A new study reveals that UK gardens with diverse global plant species support a range of pollinating insects, including threatened bumblebees. The research found that long-tongued bees prefer plants from the UK and Europe, while other species visit plants in proportion to flower availability.
Researchers at TGen identified the ALK-EML4 gene fusion as the genetic driver of an aggressive type of thyroid cancer. The study's findings suggest that this fusion can be targeted with existing drug crizotinib, offering a new treatment option for patients with radioiodine-resistant aggressive papillary thyroid cancer.
A new study reveals that teaching people to flavor food with spices and herbs is more effective at reducing salt intake than self-reduction. Participants who received a behavioral intervention consumed an average of 966 mg/day less sodium than those who reduced their sodium intake on their own.
A new multi-target stool DNA test detects 92.3% of colon cancers, outperforming the current standard fecal immunochemical test. The test identified advanced precancerous polyps nearly 70% of the time compared to 45% for the existing method.
A field study and computer simulations show that forest corridors increase seed dispersal and alter wind dynamics. The research found that corridors accelerate the wind and provide conditions for long-distance seed dispersal.
High school students with autism can learn under CCSS, requiring tailored instruction to meet their diverse needs. Effective strategies include exposing them to assignments before class and delivering explicit instruction.
New research finds that radiotherapy after mastectomy reduces recurrence and death rates for women with early breast cancer in 1-3 positive lymph nodes. The study, which analyzed data from 3786 women, shows a significant benefit of radiotherapy regardless of chemotherapy or hormonal therapy use.
Researchers found that children of authoritarian parents had a higher chance of being obese, with kids aged 2-5 having a 30% higher risk and those aged 6-11 having a 37% higher risk. A balanced parenting style, characterized by affection and limits, was associated with lower obesity rates.
A new analysis found that industry-funded inventions yielded patents and licenses more frequently than federally sponsored ones, with increased forward citations. Despite concerns about exclusive licensing, the study showed that corporate-sponsored inventions were not more likely to be tied up in restrictive agreements.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine used a powerful data-crunching technique to understand how the protein Dom34 keeps defective genetic material from disrupting cellular functions. The study found that Dom34 'rescues' protein-making factories called ribosomes when they get stuck obeying defective genetic instructions.
Researchers found that Texans prefer Texas-made vodkas with higher dissolved salts, which affect taste buds. The study, published at the American Chemical Society meeting, also highlights the growing interest in Texas spirits and wineries.
A new study reveals that REST, a gene regulator active during fetal brain development, switches back on later in life to protect aging neurons from various stresses. The researchers also showed that REST is lost in critical brain regions of people with Alzheimer's and mild cognitive impairment.
The Miriam Hospital will continue to conduct HIV/AIDS research and provide treatments under the NIH grant, which has supported studies since 2000. The grant renewal allows for further investigation into novel therapeutic interventions and reduced pill burden for treatment-experienced patients.
The newly discovered Anzu wyliei was an omnivore that roamed the Dakotas with T. rex 66 million years ago and stood over 10 feet tall. The dinosaur's fossil discovery sheds light on a previously limited category of oviraptorosaur theropod dinosaurs.
Researchers found that people with inner-ear disturbances exhibit distinct eye movements when exposed to MRI magnets, potentially allowing for diagnosis and treatment. Zebrafish also showed dramatic reactions to strong magnetic fields, offering a model for studying genetic factors behind balance disorders.
A study found that more than half of US women identified sudden weakness as a stroke warning sign, but fewer recognized other symptoms like difficulty speaking or vision loss. Hispanic women were less likely to know most stroke signs.
A new zebra-striped structure of highly energized electrons has been discovered in Earth's inner radiation belt by an NJIT physicist. This structure, formed by the slow rotation of Earth, could pose a threat to humans in space and damage navigation and communication satellites.
A new type of single-dose vaccine that doesn't require refrigeration is being developed to combat emerging and re-emerging diseases in remote areas. The 'nanovaccine' can be stored at room temperature for up to six months and works by triggering both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
A new study estimates that future heat waves could double crop yield losses, particularly for maize, and offset positive CO2 fertilisation effects on wheat and soybean yields. Climate mitigation policies can help reduce risks of negative impacts on global food supply.
Researchers have uncovered new seismic data for the Slate Range in California, revealing a change in faulting style around four million years ago. In another study, scientists linked zircon ages to oxygen isotopic correlations between two tephra deposits in the southwestern United States.
New research suggests that rising temperatures will increase methane fluxes from freshwater ecosystems, a key component of global methane emissions. This finding highlights the importance of understanding biological methane fluxes to predict the response of this component to global warming.
Cologuard detects precancer and cancer with high sensitivity rates, surpassing existing non-invasive tests, offering a user-friendly approach to expand screening effectiveness and curb colorectal cancer rates. The test's accuracy has transformed how we think about colorectal cancer screening.
A multidisciplinary research team has developed a new approach, E2E Clinical Trials, which aims to improve the accuracy of treatment selection by seamlessly transitioning from controlled efficacy trials to real-world effectiveness trials. This continuum will provide better understanding of treatment effects on diverse patient populations.
Researchers find trimethoprim to be an effective antibiotic against streptococcal infections in some regions, with a lower frequency of resistance than previously believed. The study also identifies three causes for rapid spread of resistance, highlighting the need for responsible antibiotic use.
A study by researchers at the University of Lomé suggests that African nations with a British colonial legacy have superior enrolment levels in higher education, leading to increased scientific productivity. The analysis also highlights the impact of language on scientific achievements, with English being a key factor.
Research finds community college transfers have equal BA graduation rates to similar students who start at 4-year colleges, but restrictive credit transfer policies hinder this potential. Implementing policy changes can increase BA attainment among community college transfers to 54 percent.
A recent German study on a new drug therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been published in the New England Journal of Medicine. North Shore-LIJ Cancer Institute doctors highlight that most CLL patients are elderly with coexisting health issues, and the study found that subjects receiving obinutuzumab-chlorambucil had an a...
A new analysis found that industry-sponsored inventions yielded patents and licenses more frequently than federally sponsored ones, with results consistent across technical fields. Industry-funded inventions generated an average of 12.8 forward citations compared to 5.6 for federally sponsored inventions.
Research finds radiation contamination hinders plant matter decomposition, leading to dry detritus buildup and increased wildfire hazard. Slower decomposition also reduces nutrient supply for plants, affecting tree growth near the Chernobyl site.
Scientists discover unusual bird-like dinosaur with feathers on arms and tail, and a toothless beak. The new species, Anzu wyliei, lived 68-66 million years ago and provides the first detailed picture of North American oviraptorosaurs.
A study published in the journal Ophthalmology found that physically active individuals and occasional drinkers have a reduced risk of developing visual impairment. The research suggests that modifiable lifestyle behaviors may alter the odds of developing sight loss not correctable with glasses or contact lenses.
The LEGATO project aims to optimize rice ecosystem functions and services in Southeast Asia, addressing climate change and food security challenges. Preliminary results show that silicon supplementation enhances rice plant strength and resistance to pathogens.
A new study provides reliable data on antibiotic use in non-EU southern and eastern European countries, highlighting the need for national action plans to enhance judicious use. High rates of self-medication with antibiotics and parenteral administration are reported, emphasizing the urgent need for restriction and education.
Scientists at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, have demonstrated that it's possible to change a material's thermal conductance by tuning the wave-like properties of heat flow. By fabricating a nanoscale mesh structure, they were able to reduce phonon thermal conductance by almost an order of magnitude.
A study published in Neurology found that developing diabetes and high blood pressure in middle age is associated with brain cell loss and cognitive problems later in life. Middle-aged individuals with these conditions had smaller brain volume and increased risk of thinking and memory issues compared to those without the conditions.
Dr. Christine Drennon, Director of the Urban Studies Program at Trinity University, receives the 2014 UAA-SAGE Marilyn Gittell Activist Scholar Award for her work on creating positive change in San Antonio communities. Her research has led to initiatives such as pre-K neighborhood sites and designating middle schools as service hubs.
A study published in Springer's journal Animal Cognition found that hungry dogs often choose the lesser option when given two choices, suggesting a 'less is more' effect. The researchers believe this may be due to mental shortcuts that prioritize average quality over quantity.
A novel simulation-based approach has been used to find and evaluate new potential drugs for liver cancer, identifying 101 compounds predicted to prevent cancer growth in most patients. The researchers simulated the effect of over 3,000 antimetabolites on healthy cells to predict their toxic effects.
A new non-invasive genetic test detected 92% of colon cancer cases, outperforming a traditional fecal immunochemical test in asymptomatic participants. The test's high sensitivity could lead to increased screening rates and reduced deaths from colorectal cancer.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have found evidence that the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreas can regenerate. This surprising discovery suggests that understanding how regeneration occurs may lead to new treatments for the rising tide of diabetes, affecting over 8% of the US population.
Internet Interventions, a new OA journal from Elsevier, publishes high-quality research on the application of information technology in mental and behavioral healthcare. The journal aims to fill the gap in dedicated peer-reviewed scientific journals for e-mental health research.
A pilot scheme allowing patients to visit GPs outside their area was most popular among younger commuters and those who had moved house but didn't want to change their GP. The scheme was generally well-received, with little increase in costs for primary care trusts.
The Van Allen Probes have discovered persistent zebra stripes in the inner radiation belt surrounding Earth, caused by the planet's slow rotation. This structure is produced by the oscillating electric field generated by Earth's magnetic field axis.
Researchers have identified a subclass of antibodies associated with an effective immune response to an HIV vaccine. The study provides key insights that could aid the development of new vaccines, focusing on understanding the underlying quality of the immune response.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that bighorn sheep became extinct on Tiburón Island in the Gulf of California between the 6th and 19th centuries. The research uses ancient DNA analysis to confirm the extinction, challenging conventional wisdom about the species' presence on the island.
Researchers have identified genetic markers that can predict late recurrence of ER+ breast cancer, allowing for personalized treatment decisions. Women with tumours highly sensitive to oestrogen may benefit from extended hormone therapy beyond five years.
Scientists have discovered a persistent structure in Earth's inner radiation belt, resembling zebra stripes, due to the planet's slow rotation. The striped pattern is visible even during low solar wind activity and is caused by an oscillating electric field generated by Earth's magnetic field axis.
Researchers at the University of Utah created the smallest plasma transistors that can operate in extreme environments, including nuclear reactors. These devices have the potential to enable innovative applications such as medical X-ray imaging and real-time air quality monitoring, and could be used to control robots in nuclear reactors.
Researchers have developed a new DNA test that can identify chromosomal variants and abnormalities in nearly 50% of miscarriage samples. The rescue karyotyping technique allows physicians to obtain genetic information from archived tissue, providing valuable insights into the causes of miscarriage.
A new study reveals that one in seven critically ill patients who received mechanical ventilation experience anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The research highlights the need for improved prevention and treatment of psychological problems in these patients.
Researchers characterized the gut bacteria of premature infants who developed sepsis, suggesting a new approach to early detection and prevention. Genetic matches were found between bacteria in stool samples and those in blood samples, indicating that gut bacteria are responsible for these infections.
Researchers are testing whether early medical intervention can slow down progression of Alzheimer's disease before symptoms emerge. The A4 trial involves enrolling individuals at risk for Alzheimer's, who will be told of their risk status and monitored for potential adverse reactions.
Researchers from the University of Michigan and Princeton have discovered a new kind of magnetic behavior that can help make nuclear fusion reactions more efficient. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in nuclear energy, as fusion generates helium without radioactive waste.
Two studies found that only one subclass of V1V2-directed IgG antibodies, the IgG3 subclass, is associated with antiviral responses linked to the reduced risk of HIV infection seen in the RV144 trial. More research is needed to determine whether these antibodies protected some vaccinees from HIV infection.
A satellite tagging study of migrating New England leatherback turtles has greatly improved understanding of their seasonal high-use habitats, diving activity, and response to ocean features. The study found that leatherbacks prefer habitats with specific ecoregion, topography, and sea surface temperature conditions.
Scientists from four experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and Fermilab's Tevatron combined their data to produce the first joint result on top quark mass measurement, achieving a precise world's best value of 173.34 GeV/c2. This collaboration showcases international collaboration in particle physics.
A UT Southwestern Medical Center study identified phosphatidic acids as a new potential therapeutic target for controlling high blood sugar in type 2 diabetes. Inhibiting or reducing production of phosphatidic acids may help regulate glucose levels.
Researchers found that globalization has increased development in more countries, with education experiencing a 64% reduction in disparities. However, poorer countries struggle to catch up due to the 'poverty trap' and limited access to global markets.
A study published in Agricultural Systems found that planting cover crops increases eight of eleven ecosystem services, including carbon and nitrogen retention, erosion prevention, and weed suppression. The research highlights the importance of considering temporal dynamics when assessing management system effects on ecosystem services.
A study found that 88% of bereaved parents were prescribed antidepressants within a month of losing their child, despite concerns about the effectiveness and timing of treatment. Researchers suggest a more cautious approach and consider psychosocial interventions first.