A new study by Rutgers University–Camden professor Naomi Marmorstein found that depression in early adolescence predicts obesity in late adolescence among female participants. Conversely, obesity in late adolescence predicts the onset of depression in early adulthood. The study suggests a reciprocal relationship between the two disorde...
Tropical Cyclone Gillian has re-formed just south of Java, Indonesia, with improved central convection and symmetric shape. The cyclone is expected to intensify to hurricane-force over the Southern Indian Ocean.
Researchers sequenced and analyzed genomes of listeriosis outbreak strains to reveal two distinct bacterial strains with different virulence profiles. The study highlights the importance of cleanliness in production and recalls for food safety.
A new study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that people with an inherited mutated gene have a high chance of getting lung cancer, even without smoking. Women and those who have never smoked are mostly affected, with a one-in-three chance of developing the disease.
Research from The Netherlands found that extending national breast cancer screening programs to women aged 70 and over does not decrease advanced stage cancer detection, but rather increases early-stage tumors. This leads to a large proportion of women being over-treated and at risk from the harmful effects of treatment.
Researchers from Sichuan University found that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) transfection promotes the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This enhancement is associated with increased expression of GDNF, nerve growth factor, and growth-associated protein-43. The study suggests a therape...
A new study suggests that playing as a black character in violent video games can lead to stronger explicit negative attitudes toward blacks and display stronger implicit attitudes linking blacks to weapons. White players who played as black avatars showed more aggressive behavior against partners, with 115% more hot sauce forced on them.
Researchers develop efficient method to study ring polymers, finding they behave differently from linear polymers due to lack of free ends. The method significantly reduces analysis time, revealing these materials are more fragile than expected.
A UK NHS Breast Screening Programme audit found significant variations in treatment for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), resulting in adverse outcomes. The study revealed that some hospitals performed mastectomies on women who should have had lumpectomy, highlighting the need to improve multidisciplinary team discussions.
Researchers found that climate change is shrinking Antarctic Bottom Waters, a massive current that 'hides' heat and carbon from the atmosphere. This reduction in convection could lead to increased heat trapping in the deeper ocean, contributing to global warming.
A new method to tune topological insulators has been found, enhancing surface conduction by applying stress at grain boundaries. This discovery could lead to the development of ultra-energy efficient electronics.
During the last ice age, wind-borne dust carried iron to the Southern Ocean, driving plankton growth and removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This process, known as iron fertilization, is believed to have played a key role in amplifying the ice ages.
An international team of academics has identified a single bacteria as the cause of sepsis through genetic evidence. The study found that in most cases, a single pneumococcal cell was responsible for causing sepsis.
Researchers used a rat genomic gene-chip to profile hippocampal gene expression changes after electroacupuncture therapy. The results showed that electroacupuncture regulates the expression of specific genes involved in depression, including Vgf and Igf2. These findings suggest that electroacupuncture may be a useful treatment for depr...
Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy involve sensorimotor axons and skeletal muscles, respectively, differing from Guillain-Barré syndrome in clinical manifestations. The study highlights the importance of differentiating critical illness polyneuropathy/myopathy from Guillain-Barré syndrome.
A study published in Neurosurgery found that rats with diffuse axonal injury showed no significant abnormalities despite visible evidence of brain damage. This suggests that even subconcussive injury may lead to neuropathological changes, supporting concerns about long-term effects in humans.
Researchers identified salivary biomarkers associated with gingivitis, including PGE2 and IL-1. These findings have implications for personalized oral health care, suggesting potential discrimination between gingivitis and health through salivary biomarker analysis.
A computer system has been developed that can detect real or faked expressions of pain more accurately than people, with an 85% accuracy rate. The system uses pattern-recognition abilities to identify subtle differences between involuntary and voluntary facial movements.
A smart home system, developed by Tecnalia, monitors a person's habits and activities to detect early symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The system records data from various sensors and identifies changes in behavior, allowing for early diagnosis and improved patient care.
Scientists have solved the high-resolution structure of the molecular transporter TSPO, which introduces cholesterol into mitochondria. The detailed knowledge of its three-dimensional shape and function opens up new diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives.
Researchers at Lund University have discovered undestroyed cell nuclei and individual chromosomes in a well-preserved fern fossil from the Jurassic period. The unique preservation is attributed to the sudden burial of the plant in a volcanic eruption, providing valuable insights into ancient evolutionary stability.
Researchers successfully delivered adeno-associated virus serotype-5 (AAV-5) to the rat trigeminal ganglion, demonstrating transduction efficiency in sensory neurons. The study's findings support the use of AAV-5 based gene therapy approaches for evaluating target proteins and potential treatments for trigeminal pain disorders.
Researchers found a rare hereditary syndrome associated with a 31% risk of disease in never-smokers carrying the germline EGFR T790M mutation. The study highlights the need for increased surveillance and screening for affected carriers, regardless of smoking status.
The new material exhibits a high stability to weight ratio, surpassing that of steel and aluminum. It is produced through 3D laser lithography and has potential applications in insulation, shock absorption, and chemical industry filters.
Researchers developed polymorphonuclear leukocyte-derived novel pro-resolving medicines (NPRMs) to deliver a lipoxin A4 analog to the site of surgery, controlling inflammation and promoting tissue and bone growth. The mini-pig model revealed significant pocket depth reductions and new bone formation in NPRM+LXA4-treated sites.
Researchers used Drosophila flies to unravel the signalling mechanism involved in cell movement regulation. A new molecular component controls FGF expression, which is crucial for processes like embryonic development, wound healing and tumour invasion.
A UK study found that approximately one third of women are at higher risk of developing breast cancer and may require more frequent mammograms. Women with dense breast tissue were 2.9-fold more likely to develop breast cancer, highlighting the importance of personalized screening frequency.
Carbon markets are emerging at the state and global levels, teaching valuable lessons on what works and what doesn't in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Despite challenges, these markets have expanded to cover a substantial share of global emissions and encouraged modest reductions.
Researchers discovered that stem cells from a fatty fold of tissue, called the omentum, can help heal diseased kidneys when fused to the organs. This innovative approach uses the patient's own stem cells to treat chronic kidney disease, potentially alleviating the need for external cell sources.
A study published in GIE: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy found that cold snare polypectomy significantly reduces the risk of delayed bleeding in patients taking anticoagulants. The procedure outperformed conventional polypectomy in removing small colorectal polyps without causing significant harm to submucosal vessels.
Researchers found a connection between the DRD2 gene variant and everyday lapses in attention, including forgetfulness. The study suggests that individuals with this genetic variation are more likely to experience short-term memory lapses and distraction, which can have consequences in daily life.
Researchers at UC Davis successfully coax laboratory cultures of human stem cells into the specialized, unique cells needed to repair a patient's defective or diseased bladder. The breakthrough provides a pathway to regenerate replacement bladder tissue for patients whose bladders are too small or do not function properly.
A new report promotes REDD+ and Green Economy as a pathway to sustainable development, benefiting all nations. Forests are the foundation of sustainable societies, storing carbon, supporting biodiversity, regulating water flows, and reducing soil erosion.
Tropical System 94W is developing in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, affecting the southern Philippines. The Philippine authorities have issued warnings due to signal No. 1 conditions, with sustained winds of 18.6-37.2 mph expected in at least 36 hours.
Researchers have found that preterm children are at an increased risk of general cognitive and math problems, particularly if born small-for-gestational-age. The study of 922 children aged 7-9 showed a significantly higher odds ratio for math impairment compared to term-born children.
Scientists at Wayne State University are working to identify a chemical found in algae that may inhibit spawning in invasive zebra and quagga mussels. The research aims to develop an ecological-scale control strategy to disrupt reproduction and reduce mussel populations.
The KAIST team created a box-type pressure vessel with a lattice structure, which can efficiently store liquefied natural gas (LNG) without the need for multiple cylindrical tanks. This design reduces space utilization issues and lowers manufacturing costs by using special steel alloys.
Researchers have developed a new technique to generate large concentrations of skeletal muscle cells and muscle progenitors directly from human pluripotent stem cells. This method, described in Stem Cells Translational Medicine, uses growth factors to guide the stem cells towards a muscle fate, avoiding genetic modification.
Theories predicting particles smaller than the Higgs particle are now more likely due to a critical review. Researchers found no new weaknesses in these theories.
Researchers have successfully reprogrammed rat astrocytes into neurons using Mash1, a transcription factor. This method avoids malignant transformation and offers a promising therapeutic strategy for neural regeneration.
The Proband app allows healthcare providers to create digital genetic pedigrees on iPads, streamlining family history data collection and integration. The app's gesture-based interface and auto-alignment feature make it easy for clinicians to draw complex family diagrams, reducing errors and improving patient care.
A new antibacterial orthodontic cement containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) inhibits biofilm formation and reduces lactic acid production. The results show that the DMADDM-containing cement is promising for reducing demineralization in enamel around orthodontic brackets.
P&G Beauty presents several studies on new ingredient formulations and effective skin care routines, focusing on cellular bioenergetics, anti-aging technologies, and sensitive skin body wash efficacy. The company highlights breakthroughs in microdermabrasion systems, such as the Pro-X Olay Microdermabrasion system, which exfoliates eff...
A study of homeless and vulnerably housed individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) found they are more likely to visit emergency departments, be arrested or assaulted. The research highlights the importance of screening for TBI and providing support to manage behaviors after brain injuries.
Researchers have developed a method to predict pancreatic cancer from cysts in the pancreas, detecting mucus protein with 97% certainty. The approach minimizes unnecessary operations and may enable early detection of cancer.
Researchers at LSTM have discovered the combination of genetic mutations that enable mosquitoes to develop multiple and extreme-level resistance to insecticides. The study identifies two key genes, CYP6M2 and CYP6P3, which are highly expressed in resistant mosquitoes and can confer resistance across different classes of insecticides.
New research by USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center scientists suggests that elevated CTC counts after chemotherapy indicate a higher risk of death, while reduced CTCs cut the risk in half. This study demonstrates CTCs as an important biomarker for cancer research and treatment.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have devised a new system for classifying periodontal disease based on the genetic signature of affected tissue. The new classification system may allow for earlier detection and more individualized treatment of severe periodontitis.
Glacial chronologies during MIS 3 differ throughout the Tibetan Plateau, with advances on both slopes of the Nyainqentanglha being synchronous but not synchronized with Northern Hemisphere ice sheet. The study suggests a possible linkage between these events and North Atlantic cooling.
Scientists create peptide mimetic that can be controlled by light, increasing antimicrobial effect and reducing side effects. The development opens new options for treating local bacterial infections and may lead to new agents against cancer.
The symposium explores the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of community water fluoridation, as well as assessments of fluoride ingestion risks. It aims to address knowledge gaps on fluorides and their impact on oral health.
A new study found that growing season gains from permafrost thaw are outweighed by increased winter respiration, leading to enhanced carbon losses. The research suggests that the Arctic's stored carbon could reach catastrophic levels within a century if permafrost continues to thaw.
Researchers from Purdue University and the University of Texas at Austin have conducted field trials to test four shallow-ground-improvement methods aimed at increasing structural resilience in soils prone to liquefaction. The results show that rapid impact compaction, rammed aggregate piers, low-mobility grouting, and double row of ho...