A new study has precisely dated the Bentiaba fossil locality to 71.5 million years ago, spanning 30 million years of sediments and shedding light on ancient marine life and environments. The analysis allowed for better understanding of the history of the ancient South Atlantic Ocean.
A team of scientists has identified cancer stem cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, a malignant blood condition that frequently develops into acute myeloid leukemia. The study provides conclusive evidence for the existence of cancer stem cells and suggests that targeting these cells could lead to effective treatment.
A team of researchers suggests that an epigenetic switch could control rapid growth and differentiation in cancer cells, leading to the development of various cancers. This switch is thought to be reversible, allowing cells to change their characteristics and differentiate into new cell types.
A first-of-its-kind study found parallel genomic changes during species formation of a Southern California stick insect, suggesting a repeatable process. The research revealed regions of the genome that exhibited significant differences between populations from different host plants.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have developed a new technique to grow both normal and cancer cells indefinitely, transforming basic cancer research. This breakthrough allows for faster development of certain types of breast cancer in mice, with tumors behaving similarly to human breast cancer.
Researchers have identified thousands of protein interactions between cell membranes and signaling proteins, revealing a complex network that enables communication within and across cells. This breakthrough has implications for plant and animal sciences, potentially leading to discoveries that improve crop yields.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute have discovered a new type of cellular vesicle that actively seeks out and destroys paternal mitochondria upon fertilization. This finding may help explain why only a quarter of IVF pregnancies carry to term, and could lead to a better understanding of mitochondrial turnover and male fertility.
The discovery of Naia, a 12,000- to 13,000-year-old teenage girl's skeleton, provides conclusive evidence of a genetic connection between ancient Paleoamericans and modern Native Americans. The remains were found in an underwater cave in Mexico and contain an intact cranium, teeth, and DNA from an Asian-derived lineage.
A study of Kansas and Nebraska census data shows a growing proportion of young men over young women in rural areas, with many communities experiencing increases of up to 200% in the ratio of males to females. This trend is particularly concerning for long-term population stability, as it may limit economic development and growth.
Researchers found that patients with tumor cells in their blood after surgery had a higher risk of relapse and poorer survival rates. The presence and count of tumor cells also predicted disease-free survival, with those having 5 or more CTCs at higher risk of recurrent disease.
A new study has redefined the geology of O'ahu, revealing that it consists of three major Hawaiian shield volcanoes. The island's precursor volcano, Ka'ena, was previously unknown and formed over 100 km west of its current location.
Researchers at MIPT found that combined mutations of two genes in Drosophila flies result in synergistic effects on phenotypic expression, leading to defects in leg formation, memory impairment, and reduced resistance to superoxide radicals. The study provides insights into the mechanisms of morphogenesis and detoxification.
A new model of supernovae represented as dynamical systems subject to a loss of stability sheds light on the phenomenon. This approach could be used to predict natural catastrophes before they happen.
Research suggests that when women in developing countries own land, they gain power and are less likely to experience violence. Women use land as a proxy of power, strategically leveraging it to change the power dynamic in their relationships.
The University of New Mexico's Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences has determined the age of Naia, a well-preserved human skeleton found in the Yucatan Peninsula. The analysis reveals that Naia was a Paleoamerican with Native American DNA, linking ancestral Americans to modern Native Americans.
Researchers used JeDI to map jellyfish biomass in the upper 200m of the world's oceans, revealing that jellyfish are present throughout the globe, with greatest concentrations in mid-latitudes. The study highlights the importance of understanding jellyfish distribution and potential impacts on ecosystems and biogeochemical processes.
A new review article in the journal Science presents a roadmap for transforming lignin into valuable materials like low-cost carbon fiber for cars or bio-based plastics. The research aims to create new markets for the forest products industry and make ethanol-to-fuel conversion more cost-effective.
Researchers discovered a novel gene, ZIF2, that produces a protein capable of sequestering zinc inside plant cells, protecting against toxicity. The discovery opens new avenues for increasing plant tolerance to zinc and has potential applications in crop biofortification and soil remediation.
KAIST researchers have developed a new technique to increase the energy efficiency of piezoelectric nanogenerators, enabling the creation of self-powered flexible energy harvesters that can supply power to wearable and implantable electronic devices. The improved nanogenerators can harness energy from human movements and natural resour...
A Penn Vet study reveals that Salmonella bacteria evade the immune system by exploiting metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. The research identifies key genes involved in this evasion strategy and suggests that the immune system may recognize bacterial metabolites like citrate to trigger an inflammatory response.
Researchers use NMR spectroscopy to enrich a mouse's carbon isotopes, enabling the growth of biological tissue in the lab. The technique has huge potential for scientific and medical breakthroughs, including replacing heart valves.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals that a specific protein, EIIAGlc, is essential for Salmonella's ability to inject toxins into host cells and manipulate host processes. The discovery opens up new avenues for developing targeted treatments against life-threatening Salmonella infections.
Research by Princeton University graduate student David Pedulla found that negative stereotypes of gay men and black men can counteract each other for gay black men in employment, leading to higher starting salaries. This challenges the idea that membership in multiple marginalized groups leads to more discrimination.
A study found that NYC's Safe Routes to School program reduced injuries and saved $230 million through safety interventions such as widening sidewalks and installing speed humps. The program, which cost $10 million, also gained 2055 quality-adjusted life years in NYC.
Researchers found evidence of 'parallel speciation' where insect populations on different host plants diverge genetically, shedding light on how new species arise. The study's findings provide a more effective understanding of the speciation process.
Scientists have made significant breakthroughs with pluripotent stem cell therapy in monkeys, producing new bone tissue and minimizing the risk of tumors. The study uses autologous iPSCs derived from individual monkeys' skin cells, eliminating the need for immune suppression drugs.
Researchers at TSRI have developed a new stem cell therapy that shows promise for treating multiple sclerosis in humans. In a mouse model, the therapy resulted in significant recovery of mobility and function after implantation of human stem cells into the spinal cord.
A new study found that a single episode of binge drinking can cause bacterial leakage from the gut into the bloodstream, leading to increased levels of toxins. This results in an immune response, producing fever, inflammation, and tissue destruction, according to researchers at UMMS.
A recent study published in Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics reveals significant disparities in cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels, between men and women with type 2 diabetes. The research highlights the importance of addressing gender differences in managing co-morbidities.
A study found that walking can significantly improve survival rates and reduce the need for dialysis among patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease. Patients who walked regularly were 33% less likely to die and 21% less likely to require dialysis compared to non-walkers.
A team of researchers using a quantum simulator discovered that ultracold atoms can switch from non-interacting to strongly interacting in just one millisecond. The study found that this rapid change is due to diffusion, which affects the magnetism of the atoms.
Researchers discovered that octopuses' suckers temporarily lose grip on their own skin due to a chemical produced by the skin, preventing them from getting tangled. This mechanism allows for flexible manipulation and may inspire bioinspired robot design.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded $600,000 to the University of California, Riverside to expand its data storage capacity. This grant will enable researchers to process vast amounts of high-throughput data generated in various fields, including genome biology and biomedical sciences.
A genetic study has linked the earliest Americans to modern Native-Americans, providing new insights into the origins of the Western Hemisphere's first people. The study analyzed DNA from a 12,000-year-old tooth found in Mexico and confirmed that ancient individuals belonged to a genetic lineage shared only by Native Americans.
Dr. Beverly Lange, a retired CHOP oncologist, is honored with the ASPHO Distinguished Career Award for her groundbreaking research on pediatric leukemia. Her contributions have significantly improved treatment outcomes, increasing survival rates to over 55%.
A new study suggests that older individuals with a history of migraines are more likely to experience ischemic silent brain infarction, which can increase the risk of future strokes. Researchers found a doubling of these injuries in people with migraine compared to those without, highlighting the importance of lifestyle changes and pre...
A recent review found that Iraq's health condition has deteriorated despite significant investment in the health system. Improvements in housing, water, and sanitation are crucial to elevate the health status of the Iraqi population.
Researchers found high prevalence of hypertension and elevated cholesterol among HIV patients, with low rates of control. The study recommends greater emphasis on cardiology in HIV treatment and research to optimize heart disease risk factor management.
A meta-analysis of 44 studies found that breastfeeding, tubal ligation, and oral contraceptives are associated with reduced rates of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Smoking may raise the risk of breast cancer for patients with a BRCA2 mutation.
Dan Granoff, a CHORI scientist, has been recognized with the prestigious Maurice Hilleman/Merck Award for his work on developing vaccines against serogroup B meningococcus and an affordable serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine for Africa.
Duke-NUS researchers identify key player in brain DHA uptake, shedding light on omega-3's crucial role in brain function. The study's findings have implications for improving nutrition and addressing DHA deficiency, particularly in pre-term babies.
A Michigan State University study reveals young adults are skeptical of information on Twitter, integrating it less into their memories compared to traditional sources. The researchers attribute this mistrust to the medium of the message, suggesting a healthy skepticism among Millennials.
Groundwater pumping in California's Central Valley depletes the aquifer, raising the Sierra Nevada and Coast Mountain Ranges by a few millimeters each year, creating stress on faults that could increase earthquake risk. Scientists report their results in Nature, finding cumulative rise over 150 years of up to 15 centimeters.
A new study examines how community values influence healthcare disaster planning, finding that citizens' life experiences shape their perspectives on resource allocation. The research uses deliberative democratic methods to gather diverse feedback from Maryland residents, with plans for a state-wide expansion.
Harvard scientists produce the first realistic simulated shark skin, which reduces drag and increases swimming speed by 6.6% while decreasing energy expenditure by 5.9%. The artificial skin's performance is comparable to that of real shark skin, with improved drag reduction at slower flow speeds.
Scientists at the Scripps Research Institute have discovered that a single site on the surface protein of HIV can be targeted by an AIDS vaccine, potentially neutralizing nearly all strains of the virus. The study suggests that this approach could lead to a highly effective vaccine that targets a specific site on the Env protein.
A neuroimaging study reveals reduced hippocampus brain volume in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder compared to healthy volunteers. Hippocampal volumes are associated with psychosis severity and cognitive performance.
The Solar Wind Ion Analyzer will measure solar wind ions and density to understand Mars' atmospheric loss. Scientists believe interactions between solar wind ions and Martian particles are key to escape, leading to a barren planet.
A new study from Cornell University has identified LTP1 as the key to perfect beer foam. The research found that the right amount and kind of barley lipid transfer protein No. 1 is essential for creating optimal foam.
Researchers will develop piezoelectric materials and nanometer-scale electromechanical devices to transfer information between quantum states and light using mechanical motion as an intermediary. The goal is to establish a technology that connects individual quantum states and enables the creation of quantum networks.
Research documents a poleward migration of storm intensity in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres over 30 years of global historical tropical cyclone data, highlighting changes in risk for densely populated coastal cities and potential water shortages in equatorial regions.
The document outlines criteria for healthcare providers and institutions to offer consistent and appropriate care to patients in transcatheter valve therapy. A multi-disciplinary team approach is emphasized, involving both surgeons and interventional cardiologists, to improve patient treatment and outcomes.
A new international standard for wood packaging material has significantly reduced insect stowaways, with a 52% drop in infestation rates. The International Phytosanitary Standard ISPM 15 has achieved near-100% reduction in insect stowaways in some countries.
A study published in Psychological Science found that women's sexual satisfaction in long-term relationships is linked to their changing use of hormonal contraception. Women who were on the pill or had never used it reported higher levels of sexual satisfaction compared to those who changed their use during the relationship.
Researchers developed a low-friction two-component lubricant inspired by biological lubrication, achieving a 90% reduction in friction compared to traditional polymer brushes. The new process has potential applications in piston systems, axle bearings, and hinges.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $15 million to three multi-institutional projects to further develop, deploy and test future Internet architectures. The projects aim to enhance security, respond to emerging service challenges and enable the scalability of the information infrastructure.
A study published in Neuron found that subtle changes in inhibitory signaling can affect how animals respond to drugs like cocaine. Researchers identified SNX27 as a promising target for treating addiction by regulating the excitability of dopamine neurons.
Researchers have developed a safer lithium-ion battery component using solid polymer electrolytes, which reduce the risk of fires while maintaining effective performance. The new material can be used in high-energy batteries like lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries.
A study finds that clinical trial outcome data is often missing or inconsistent in global databases, making it challenging to access unbiased results. The investigators propose strategies to improve reporting, including simpler trial registration and uniform posting of results on registries.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered a treatment for life-threatening ACE inhibitor angioedema, allowing patients to be discharged sooner. The study found that Ecallantide was more effective in reducing swelling and side effects compared to conventional therapy.