A new series published in The Lancet reveals that almost all newborn and stillborn babies who die every year enter the world without official recognition, resulting in slower progress in reducing mortality rates. The research sets targets to be achieved by 2030 to ensure every newborn has a healthy start.
Researchers studied CA-MRSA transmission and survival on commonly touched items, revealing the bacteria's ability to survive on porous objects like towels. The findings suggest these surfaces are important in spreading the virulent bacteria.
A study of over 1,100 patients with severe PH found that higher BMI was associated with lower one-year mortality rates, even after adjusting for other factors. The researchers suggest that increased levels of serum lipoproteins in obese individuals may play a role in neutralizing circulating toxins and inflammatory proteins.
Parents in low-income families with lower health insurance cost-sharing were less likely to delay or avoid taking their children to see a doctor. Many parents also reduced medication use and delayed visits due to financial stress, affecting their child's asthma care and control.
University of Leicester researchers captured stunning images of Saturn's auroras, providing evidence for the theory that Saturn's magnetic tail collapse causes auroral displays. The findings support a similar process on Earth.
The US Preventive Services Task Force found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against screening for suicide risk in adolescents, adults, and the elderly. However, healthcare professionals should consider referring patients with risk factors or high emotional distress for further evaluation. On the other hand, vaccination during...
A study including high-risk patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery found that using a cardiac-output guided intervention to improve hemodynamics did not reduce complications and risk of death after 30 days. However, an updated meta-analysis suggested a clinically important reduction in complication rates when the results we...
A team from UT Dallas' REVT Laboratory has developed a double-stator switched reluctance machine (DSSRM) that eliminates the need for rare earth metals in electric motors. This technology produces significantly greater power and torque while reducing weight and manufacturing costs, with potential applications in various industries.
Researchers at NC State University created modified cockpit displays that significantly improved pilot response times in avoiding crashes. The new system highlighted planes with higher risk of collision, reducing errors and saving lives.
A Stanford electrical engineer has invented a way to wirelessly transfer power deep inside the body, paving the way for new 'electroceutical' devices to treat illness or alleviate pain. The technology uses roughly the same power as a cell phone and can safely penetrate deep into the body.
A new study found a link between birth control and women's preferences for certain characteristics of an ideal sexual partner. Research participants from Central Italy reported considering indicators of masculinity more attractive during the fertile phase of their menstrual cycle, regardless of whether they took the pill.
Recent studies found that duloxetine and fluoxetine showed no significant difference in response rates when treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and teens. The authors suggest that complexity of the studies may be a factor, but also offer valuable insights for designing future investigations.
A new study by researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine found that technology can improve the transition of adolescents with chronic diseases into adulthood. Patients in an intervention group received a secure web site and automated text messages to help them perform various tasks, resulting in improved...
A new study suggests that genes play a key role in the risk of brain injury for premature babies. Variation in genes associated with schizophrenia and fat metabolism has been linked to increased risk of brain injury on MRI scans.
A recent study found that low-income Latino children who attended Montessori pre-K programs showed dramatic improvements in early achievement and behavior. In contrast, low-income black children made similar gains in school readiness when enrolled in Montessori classrooms, but slightly greater gains were seen when they attended more co...
The Lancet Series presents a clear picture of progress and challenges in improving newborn survival worldwide. The research highlights the need for political commitment and increased investment in newborn health to reduce preventable deaths by 2030.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health found no link between fluoride exposure and lower IQ in children. The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Study followed nearly 1,000 people born in 1972-1973 up to age 38, controlling for factors like socio-economic status and breastfeeding.
A new UCLA study reveals that conventional biopsies may fail to detect aggressive cancers in men with low-risk prostate cancer, highlighting the need for a targeted biopsy approach. The findings suggest that the criteria for active surveillance should be re-evaluated to account for the risk inflation seen with targeted prostate biopsy.
A study of over 1,000 mother-child pairs found that maternal intake of folate and other methyl donors during the first trimester was associated with a lower risk of childhood asthma. Only dietary vitamin B12 and choline were linked to reduced asthma prevalence.
Scientists have observed a significant increase in ice losses from Antarctica, with the Antarctic ice sheet now losing twice as much ice as it did when last surveyed. The study uses measurements collected by the European Space Agency's CryoSat-2 satellite mission to reveal the extent of this loss.
The AGA Institute published a special issue on the intestinal microbiome, exploring its role in maintaining human health and developing certain diseases. The research focuses on basic concepts, gut microbiome and disease interactions, and modification of the microbiome to maintain health or treat disease.
The American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists recognizes outstanding researchers in biotechnology with various awards, including the AAPS Excellence in Ligand Binding Assays Award and the Innovation in Biotechnology Awards. These honors celebrate groundbreaking contributions to pharmaceutical biotechnology.
A new study suggests that olive oil supplements can counteract the negative cardiovascular effects of exposure to air pollution particles. The study found that olive oil supplementation improved endothelial function and reduced blood markers associated with vasoconstriction after exposure to fine/ultrafine particulate matter.
A Baylor University study found that volunteer lay leaders serve as powerful cultural opinion leaders within churches, shaping congregation attitudes on politics and religion. Lay leaders in Evangelical traditions exhibit more moral conservatism and party affiliation than their counterparts in Mainline Protestant and Catholic traditions.
Researchers have developed a model to estimate the effect of Earth-like planet ingestion on star chemical composition. By analyzing twin stars with planets, they found significant changes in refractory element abundance, supporting the connection between exoplanets and stellar hosts.
The San Diego County fires have burned a total of 23,700 acres across nine areas, including the Pulgas Fire which has burned 15,000 acres. The fires are 87-100% contained, with cooler temperatures and calmer winds helping firefighters combat the blaze.
Scientists used neutron scattering techniques to study mAb clustering, revealing extended clusters in high-viscosity solutions. The insights could help design devices for delivering biopharmaceuticals at high concentrations.
A study of over 4,500 women with a history of gestational diabetes found that increased physical activity significantly reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Women who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week had a 47% lower risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have found microbes create an environment that allows stevensite to form, raising new questions about the Martian deposits and their possible links to life on Mars. Microbialites are the earliest large-scale evidence of life on Earth, demonstrating how microscopic organisms join together to build enormous structures.
A study published in PNAS suggests that Kawasaki disease may be caused by airborne aerosols from northeast China, possibly related to the fungus Candida. The findings indicate a strong link between wind patterns and disease outbreaks in Japan, with Candida species identified as the dominant airborne fungus.
A new theoretical review published in American Psychologist suggests that favoritism, rather than hostility, is the primary cause of discrimination in the US. The researchers found that most discrimination occurs as a result of ordinary, unintentional acts that benefit those similar to the person doing the favor.
Cancer research calls on institutions to increase Hispanic patient enrollment, highlighting health disparities and underrepresentation in clinical trials. The study emphasizes the need for adequate representation to ensure effective treatment and reduce disparities.
The NIH has awarded $500,000 per year for five years to Drs. Stephen Waggoner, Heinrich Gottlinger, and Melanie Ott to research strengthening the immune system's ability to fight HIV infection and improving long-term immune health in HIV-infected drug users.
A new method developed by Johns Hopkins researchers uses MRI scans to measure damage to the blood-brain barrier, allowing for more precise administration of intravenous tPA. The technique shows promise in predicting which stroke patients will benefit from treatment and which may suffer bleeding complications.
The Lancet publication highlights the need for accelerated action to reduce newborn mortality rates, citing a lack of registration and official recognition as a key barrier. The research suggests that scaling up achievable interventions can save three million lives by 2025.
Researchers found that dog-treated beaches had significantly lower E. coli counts than control beaches due to reduced gull presence. Border collies effectively excluded gulls from beaches, improving beach water quality.
Scientists at UC Riverside developed a nanometer scale ruthenium oxide anchored graphene foam architecture that improves supercapacitors' performance, delivering two times more energy and power. The design shows promising properties for future energy storage applications.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have found that thousands of polyene compounds can be built from just 12 different chemical building blocks. This breakthrough could accelerate the discovery and development of new medicines by making synthesis more efficient and cost-effective. The team's findings, published in Nature Chemistr...
A report by UC Riverside ecologists reveals the proposed 'Cabo Dorado' development project in Mexico is situated in a high-conservation-value area, mirroring the importance of tropical waters. The project threatens to make extinct regionally endemic plant species and vegetation if it proceeds as planned.
A new study found that an internet-mediated exercise program supported by online resources improved health-related quality of life and daily step count in COPD patients. The pedometer-based walking program led to a significant improvement in symptoms and impacts, with participants taking 779 more steps per day at 4 months.
Researchers found keywords in word networks that facilitate quick recognition of similar words, opening up potential applications for language disorders and learning. Removing keywords from memory could disrupt language processing.
A recent study by Georgia State University researchers found that brain androgens promote good parenting in male fish. By altering their brain chemistry, scientists discovered that testosterone-like steroids enhance paternal care and protect developing eggs.
A new study reveals that adolescents who participate in sports exhibit significantly lower rates of hazardous drinking compared to their non-athletic peers. This finding contradicts earlier research, suggesting that organized sports participation may have a protective effect against alcohol misuse among young offenders.
A new series of papers highlights the need for improved investment, leadership, and measurement to prevent newborn deaths. The research reveals that three million lives can be saved by 2025 with achievable interventions scaled up to nearly universal coverage.
Researchers used eBird citizen-science data to describe the distributions of 93 North American land birds, revealing three previously unknown migration flyways. The study provides new insights into the migratory patterns of smaller-bodied bird species.
A University of Liverpool study found that male fruit flies kept in groups have shorter lives and are less desirable to females. The males' sleep patterns are disrupted, leading to early death, a phenomenon also observed in other species.
A new study by University of Cincinnati researchers found that only a small proportion of seizure patients receive electroencephalograms (EEGs) in the emergency department, which can lead to delayed or inaccurate diagnoses. The study suggests that this may impact admission decisions and hospital care for these patients.
A new study of nearly 12,000 individuals found that those with dyspnea at baseline had a greater risk of dying, even after adjusting for other risk factors. Dyspnea was associated with a significant increased risk of death in rural Bangladesh, and identifying underlying causes may offer an opportunity to reduce mortality risk.
Researchers sequenced and assembled the Gossypium arboreum genome, revealing its genetic mechanisms underlying complex polyploidization. The study also identified key genes modulating fiber growth and found connections to Verticillium dahliae resistance.
A Los Alamos National Laboratory team verified air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from two coal-fired power plants in the Four Corners area using space-based techniques. The study found that emissions from the San Juan Generating Station are less polluting than those from the nearby Four Corners Generating Station.
Researchers found improved health outcomes but suggest less frequent screening may be as beneficial in detecting heart disease. The current CHF screening guidelines for pediatric cancer survivors should be re-examined, and alternative methods of screening may be more effective.
A Dartmouth-led study reveals that climate change and Northern Hemisphere forest fires combined to drive large-scale surface melting of the Greenland ice sheet in 1889 and 2012. The research suggests nearly annual widespread melting of the ice sheet's surface by 2100, with a positive feedback mechanism set in motion.
Scientists at the University of Utah have uncovered the early steps of totipotency in sperm precursors, revealing a four-gene code that enables these cells to become stem cells and mature into various cell types. The discovery sheds light on the process of fertilization and provides insights into cancer and epigenetic regulation.
A systematic review of 28 studies involving over 3,400 adult ICU survivors found that one quarter exhibited PTSD symptoms. Risk factors included younger age, benzodiazepine use, and frightening ICU experiences. PTSD symptoms were associated with worse health-related quality of life.
The project evaluated environmental technologies on livestock farms in the Atlantic Area, focusing on reducing emissions and improving waste management. Collective treatments in waste treatment and use have been found to be effective.
Scientists discover new golden bass species from deep waters off Curaçao, shedding light on Caribbean reef biodiversity. The newly described Liopropoma santi is characterized by its predominantly yellow body and fins.
A new CU-Boulder study reveals that individuals are more genetically similar to their spouses than to randomly selected individuals from the same population. The researchers found a preference for genetic similarity in mates, known as genetic assortative mating, which is about a third of the strength of educational assortative mating.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a device that converts terahertz light into sound, enabling efficient detection and imaging in fields like airport security, medical imaging, and astronomy. The system is compact, sensitive, and works at room temperature.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that healthy-weight children who exercise have better body-fat distribution compared to those who don't. The study also showed that even healthy-weight children who don't exercise tend to gain excess weight and store fat in their abdomens.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed new structural 'supercaps' that can store and discharge significant amounts of electricity while withstanding realistic static loads and dynamic forces. The device operates flawlessly in storing and releasing electrical charge, even under intense dynamic and static forces.
The IN-TIME trial found that home telemonitoring reduces mortality and worsening clinical outcomes in both ICD and CRT-D patients. Patients with advanced heart failure and low ejection fractions reap similar benefits from this technology, suggesting it may be a valuable treatment option.
The Skunk Fire in Arizona has expanded to 23,642 acres as of May 18, according to Inciweb. The fire is expected to pose a high fire danger due to strong winds and low humidity.
Installing state-of-the-art solar panels on a quarter of a million roofs could meet one-sixth of Scotland's electricity demands, easing the plight of one in three households. The report reveals that harnessing energy from the sun on south-facing buildings could have significant economic, environmental and social impacts.
A new study finds that human activities have more than doubled tropical nitrogen inputs, contradicting previous assumptions. This shift highlights the need for immediate action to preserve human and ecosystem health in response to growing environmental concerns.
A comprehensive study found that children who consistently received less than the recommended hours of sleep during infancy and early childhood had increases in both obesity and adiposity at age 7. Lower sleep scores were associated with higher levels of all body measurements reflecting obesity and adiposity, including abdominal fat.
The investigational vaccine generates an immune response against key toxins in volunteers and establishes a dosing regimen for Phase III trials, which could help prevent first-occurrence CDI and protect individuals from this potentially life-threatening infection.
A nationwide patient survey found that robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is as safe as open surgery for Medicare patients over 65, but with higher costs. The study compared post-operative complications, blood transfusions, and hospital stays between RARP and open surgery.
Leading scientists from ASH, AHA, and CDC convene a joint panel to discuss a global project improving treatment and control of hypertension worldwide. The project aims to standardize hypertension treatment globally, making it possible for other audiences to improve blood pressure control in their communities.
Researchers found that suppressing taste buds in fruit flies can significantly increase or decrease lifespan and potentially promote healthy aging. Bitter tastes had negative effects on lifespan, while sweet tastes had positive effects, particularly for water taste.
A study published by the American Thoracic Society found that patients with pulmonary hypertension from lower socioeconomic groups are diagnosed with more advanced disease states than those from higher income groups. This disparity may result in poorer health outcomes for these patients. The study suggests that limited access to health...
Researchers found 27 compounds with antiviral activity against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV in cell culture. Experimental compound also inhibits replication of other coronaviruses, including mouse hepatitis virus.
A new UT Dallas study explores how infants process degraded speech with cochlear implants, revealing they need more complete speech information to maximize communication outcomes. Infants can distinguish between familiar and new sounds, but require less distortion and more frequency information than older children and adults.
The study demonstrates BioMAP Systems' effectiveness in identifying potential toxicities and off-target effects of drugs and chemicals. The approach can reproducibly pinpoint cellular mechanisms and biomarker endpoints underlying specific adverse reactions in humans.
Children with autism spectrum disorders have altered gut bacteria and distinct metabolite profiles, potentially affecting brain function and neurotransmitter balance. The study found lower levels of homovanillate and N,N-dimethylglycine, as well as a higher glutamine/glutamate ratio, in children with ASD.
A study by University of Maryland researchers has identified a toxic protein that damages muscle cells inside the arteries of children with progeria, a rare genetic disorder. The discovery may help explain how cardiovascular disease develops in people aging normally and could lead to new treatments for the condition.
Researchers at the University of Miami found that a one-point increase in high school GPA raises annual earnings by around 12% for men and 14% for women. The study also shows that African-Americans with high GPAs are more likely to graduate from college than their white counterparts.
Frontiers introduces a new open-access journal, covering robotics and artificial intelligence. The journal will utilize the Frontiers open-science platform to facilitate research networking and knowledge sharing.
Researchers at Hebrew University discovered how octopuses avoid tying themselves in knots by producing a chemical that temporarily inhibits sucker attachment to their own skin. This unique mechanism enables the arms to maintain flexibility and accuracy despite an infinite number of degrees of freedom.
A team of chemists at UC Riverside proposes a new model explaining the promoting effect in photocatalysis, suggesting that excited electrons promote hydrogen reduction on the semiconductor surface rather than transferring to metals. This radical approach could lead to the development of more economical and efficient photocatalysts.
Women with diabetes before or during pregnancy are less likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding their newborns. Breastfeeding can help reduce the risk of adverse outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes in children born to women with diabetes.
Observations of 707 injuries to female baboons over 29 years reveal that reproductive cycles influence health. Lactating females experience lower wound healing rates compared to non-lactating females.
The Gordon Sondland and Katherine Durant Foundation has donated $1 million to the Oregon Health & Science University's Knight Cancer Institute to establish an annual research conference, drawing top thought leaders in cancer treatment. The conference aims to accelerate breakthroughs in early detection and treatment.
A randomized study found that home testing of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) followed by initiation of CPAP therapy reduced costs compared to in-lab testing, without compromising clinical outcomes. The study showed significant cost savings of $564 over 2.75 years, making home management a viable option.
A new study reveals that traditional and central Pacific El Niño events have distinct effects on global surface temperatures. Global temperatures were anomalously warm during traditional El Niño events but not during central Pacific events, which occur more frequently now.
A holistic exercise program combining cognitive activities with physical movements has been shown to improve the quality of life for dementia patients. Participants demonstrated enhanced memory recall and experienced pain relief, while care-givers also benefited from the program.
A study found that public reporting of ICU mortality rates in California did not reduce overall mortality, but resulted in changes in admission patterns and transfers to other hospitals. The study suggests that the policy initiative may have unintended consequences, including reduced admission of patients with severe comorbidities.
Fierce wildfires have engulfed Lake Baikal, ravaging large areas of forest and surrounding croplands due to extreme temperatures and careless handling with fire. The wildfires have burned over 53,644 hectares of land across the region, with the highest rates reported in Trans-Baikal territory.
A new study suggests that the Bay Area may experience a cluster of major earthquakes, releasing as much stress as the Great 1906 San Francisco earthquake. This cluster occurred between 1690 and 1776 on multiple faults, including the Hayward and San Andreas faults.
A novel device implanted under the skin has been shown to treat central sleep apnea (CSA) in heart failure patients, improving sleep and heart function. The remede system reduced AHI, improved cardiac endpoints, and increased quality of life.
Researchers recommend several new 'Fuji' strains for growers, citing improved yield, harvest time quality, and attractive color. The top performer was the 'September Wonder' strain, which showed excellent color, storability, and shape.
Chemists at Scripps Research Institute have determined the correct structure of TIC10, a promising anticancer compound approved by FDA for clinical trials. The correct structure differs from an earlier published version and describes a molecule with potent anticancer effects in animals.
Researchers have developed a protocol for collecting saliva and stool samples for genomic and transcriptomic analyses, eliminating the need for specialized personnel and facilities. This method provides critical insight into the genetic makeup of the microbiome and its association with diseases such as celiac disease, oral cancer, and ...
A novel guanylate cyclase stimulator improved exercise capacity and hemodynamics in patients with inoperable or recurrent CTEPH, closing a therapeutic gap. The drug was well-tolerated and showed significant improvements in six-minute walking distance.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism of resistance in pink bollworm insects to genetically engineered Bt cotton, which could impact the effectiveness of integrated pest management strategies. Alternative splicing is responsible for the diverse variants of cadherin protein that confer resistance.
The new diffuse optical tomography (DOT) technology tracks brain processes in multiple regions and networks, providing a non-radiation alternative to fMRI. DOT has the potential to be helpful in many medical scenarios as a surrogate for functional MRI.
A study by King's College London found that combining unsaturated fats with vegetables rich in nitrites and nitrates can protect against hypertension. The Mediterranean diet, which includes olive oil and nuts, was shown to inhibit the enzyme responsible for blood pressure regulation.
A study found that exposure to particulate air pollution during the second trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of developing asthma in early childhood, particularly among non-obese mothers. The research suggests that timing of exposure may be crucial in understanding this relationship.
A major new Series of papers reveals that three million lives can be saved by 2025 if achievable interventions are scaled up to nearly universal coverage. The research highlights the critical need for improving care at the time of birth, particularly for small and sick newborns.