Researchers found that TAG-1 enhances proliferation and induces apoptosis-related gene expression without triggering apoptosis in U251 glioma cells. This study provides novel insight into the mechanisms of glial tumorigenesis by revealing the effects of transient axonal glycoprotein-1 on cell viability and signaling pathways.
A new study by Coventry University and Staffordshire University found that anxiety about a competitive situation makes athletes more likely to slip-up. The research tested 18 active young adults during identical physical tests, with participants experiencing worse coordination and higher mental anxiety in competitive trials.
Researchers found that patients who visited a specialist prior to melanoma diagnosis had a significantly lower risk of dying from the disease. This suggests that being invested and an advocate for one's own health may play a crucial role in improving prognosis.
Researchers found CT-guided IRE to be successful in treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer without major complications. The procedure offers a safe alternative to intraoperative IRE ablation, improving life expectancy for some patients.
A new study led by Harvard School of Public Health finds that elevated CO2 concentrations will significantly reduce zinc and iron concentrations in crops providing a large share of the global population's dietary intake. The reduction poses a major health threat, with an estimated loss of 63 million life years annually from malnutrition.
Oil and gas operations in Colorado's Front Range leaked nearly three times as much methane, a greenhouse gas, as predicted based on inventory estimates. The new study found seven times as much benzene, a regulated air toxic, and about twice as high emissions of other chemicals that contribute to summertime ozone pollution.
Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction technique (ASIR) lowers estimated radiation doses for pediatric brain CT exams compared to traditional methods. The study found significant reductions in brain and salivary gland doses, but no differences in thyroid gland, skeleton, or eye lens doses.
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified a new technique to expand hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood, making them more useful for adult patients. This study has important implications for patients battling blood cancers and the success of life-saving stem cell transplants.
A new study by Sam Houston State University found that gang members are twice as likely to become both victims and offenders of a crime than non-gang members. The study suggests that gang membership is a common source of both forms of violence, with group processes and norms facilitating trading places between victim and offender.
Research conducted at Massachusetts General Hospital found that iterative reconstruction techniques enabled a 50% reduction in radiation dose for abdominal CT exams. This technology simplifies quality and safety assurance in busy practices with diverse CT equipment and remote scanner locations.
A study published by the American Roentgen Ray Society found that image-guided peritoneal dialysis catheter placement significantly reduced complications at 1 year post-insertion. The technique allowed for faster catheter placement, facilitating urgent-start peritoneal dialysis and avoiding temporary vascular-access catheters.
A new pilot program uses robotic instruments and computer modeling analysis to track the harmful algal bloom in the Gulf of Maine. The deployment of four Environmental Sample Processors (ESP) will provide near real-time data on toxic algae, helping decision-makers keep people safe.
Researchers found that older adults experiencing weight and age discrimination had significantly lower physical and emotional health compared to those who did not experience such discrimination. Loneliness was the most widespread health consequence of discrimination among older adults.
Neuroscientists at SRI International have found that a form of baclofen works better at treating narcolepsy than the best drug currently available when tested in mice. The research team also presents a mouse model of narcolepsy that mimics the human disorder, allowing for more precise control of hypocretin/orexin neuron loss and potent...
An eight-kilometre-wide crater was formed in southern Alberta, producing a massive explosion that destroyed present-day Calgary, according to researchers. The impact site, dated within the last 70 million years, had devastating consequences for life in the area, with global implications.
System 91B brought heavy rainfall to southern India and Sri Lanka on May 6, with TRMM's Precipitation Radar revealing rates of up to 66 mm per hour. The system has since moved inland over southwestern India, weakening and becoming less organized.
Researchers at Aarhus University have sequenced the spider genome, providing a genetic map for future studies. The study reveals genes specific to spiders and sheds light on their incredible abilities, such as making silk and producing venom.
The Ebola outbreak in West Africa underscores the importance of real-time data sharing among scientists to improve public health responses. Implementing a regional diagnostic approach can enhance laboratory capabilities, reduce waiting times for test results, and help determine whether established test methods will work or fail.
AURORA is a large international molecular screening programme for metastatic breast cancer aiming to improve understanding of the disease and its response to treatments. The study will analyze over 1300 patients' tissue and plasma samples, enabling scientists to identify genetic characteristics that predict treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that high CO2 levels reduce zinc and iron content in key crops like wheat, rice, and soybeans. Nutrient deficiencies affect at least 2 billion people worldwide, highlighting the need for more research on crop responses to elevated atmospheric CO2.
A new study found that repeated preschool wheezing can lead to long-term damage in lung function by the age of 6 years. Children with recurrent symptoms are particularly at risk, even if asthma symptoms seem to disappear temporarily. The study suggests that early intervention and treatment with inhaled corticosteroids may prevent this ...
Researchers have discovered that glutamate imaging using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) technology can reveal ischemic lesions in the brain within the first three hours after a stroke. This breakthrough has the potential to speed up diagnosis and treatment, leading to better patient outcomes.
Researchers found that the amounts of certain neuropeptides in bees' brains vary by time and location, mirroring their changing roles. The study suggests that these peptides have functions related to age-related division of labor in honeybees.
The study found that Shuganjieyu capsule increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor and phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein expression levels, which may be one of the anti-depressant mechanisms. This increase in expression reverses depressive-like behaviors in rat models of depression.
A study by Cedars-Sinai researchers found that a commonly prescribed drug can restore blood flow to oxygen-starved muscles of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, shortening life expectancy. The results led to a phase III clinical trial for patients with the disease.
Researchers developed a model called Perfumery Radar 2.0 to quantify perfumes' nuances, matching expert descriptions without biases. The tool helps perfumers create new scents by classifying fragrances into families and identifying their characteristics, such as spicy or sweet.
Consumers' curiosity and outrage over food ingredients have fueled online petitions targeting 'pink slime,' synthetic dyes, and brominated oil. The American Chemical Society notes the food industry is taking notice of consumer distrust, shifting towards alternative ingredients.
Researchers found that changes in light intensity affect tree ring density in the Arctic, resolving the divergence problem. The study suggests regional variations in cloud cover and light availability impact tree growth.
Drs. Brian E Chen and Stephanie L Borgland were awarded the CAN Young Investigator Award for their innovative work in neuroscience, with Dr. Chen studying brain wiring encoded in DNA and Dr. Borgland exploring neural mechanisms behind addiction and obesity.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute engineered a bacterium to replicate unnatural DNA bases, which could lead to breakthroughs in medicine, nanotechnology, and protein therapeutics. The unique organism can contain three pairs of DNA bases instead of the traditional two, providing new possibilities for genetic coding.
Scientists have developed a new flexible thin film device that stores enough energy to provide critical back-up power for portable electronics. The device is made from nickel and fluoride, with tiny holes allowing ions to flow easily, and can bend and fold thousands of times with little loss in performance.
Research reveals EABs were feeding on ash trees in southeast Michigan by the early 1990s, well before their discovery in 2002. The study used tree ring analysis to track the spread of the invasive species across over 5,800 square miles.
The Illustris simulation recreates the evolution of the universe with unprecedented resolution, including spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and large-scale structures. It also accurately models chemistries of individual galaxies, offering a realistic view of cosmic evolution.
Researchers created a thermogelling hydrogel that turns from liquid to semisolid at body temperature and then degrades as new bone forms, filling the space left by the original gel.
Indiana University biologists will advance research on bacterial evolution using $6.2 million in funding from the US Army Research Office. The team will investigate how bacteria evolve in response to internal and external environments, with practical applications in human health, energy, and food production.
Researchers developed a broadband imaging technique combining atomic force microscopy and infrared synchrotron light to study complex systems at the nanoscale. The new technique, SINS, enables in-depth investigation of liquid batteries, living cells, and novel materials.
Sprites form at plasma irregularities in the lower ionosphere, a phenomenon that can be useful for remote sensing of the region. The researchers used high-speed videos and fluid models to study sprite dynamics and determine the origin of the irregularities.
Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch are working on a universal flu vaccine that could eliminate the need for annual flu shots. With a $4.4 million grant, they plan to test a vaccine containing antigens from A and B strains of influenza, aiming for approval within five years.
A study by researchers at the University at Buffalo found that introducing new products as brand extensions can lead to increased revenue. Sub-branding was also shown to be effective in generating greater revenues for these extensions, such as Gillette Mach3.
Scientists have discovered a new species of long-snouted tyrannosaur, Qianzhousaurus sinensis, which lived alongside deep-snouted tyrannosaurs but hunted different prey. The discovery confirms the existence of tyrannosaur species with long snouts and provides insights into the diversity of these fearsome carnivores.
A new study found that breastfeeding promotes the development of beneficial bacteria in babies' guts, which may help prevent obesity, allergies, and other diseases later in life. The study, led by Professor Kim F. Michaelsen, examined gut microbiota in 330 Danish children over three years.
A team of scientists has discovered Rad50's crucial role in detecting and responding to foreign DNA from viruses. The protein interacts with a specific signal protein CARD9, forming a complex that activates the immune system's alarm mechanism, leading to the production of interleukin-1β.
Scientists have identified a new species of paper wasp, Polistes helveticus, in Central Europe. The discovery revealed the coexistence of two distinct species, one already known from the region and another previously thought to be limited to southern Europe.
The US National Climate Assessment reports that nearly all natural and managed ecosystems are experiencing climate change impacts, threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services. The assessment provides guidelines for responding and adapting to these changes, highlighting the urgent need for policy development.
Researchers discovered that tadalafil improves blood flow in the muscles of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, allowing for improved exercise performance. The study found that blood flow abnormalities were present even in boys taking corticosteroids, highlighting a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating the disease.
The Penn team advocates for adopting a four-stage design process to identify and solve healthcare issues, where in-house professionals combine passion and knowledge to drive change. This approach enables hospitals to create more effective solutions quickly and efficiently.
Researchers identified distinct genetic underpinnings for different manifestations of preeclampsia, including early vs. late timing and high severity levels. The study found unique sets of genes involved from both mother and fetus, suggesting specific biological contributions to the condition.
A study by Changcheng Zhou and colleagues found that IKKβ deficiency in smooth muscle cells decreases vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, while also blocking fat cell differentiation. This suggests a novel therapeutic target for treating obesity, atherosclerosis, and metabolic disorders.
An international team has completed the first mapping of virtually all global glaciers, including their locations and sizes. The 198,000 mapped glaciers will contribute significantly to rising seas over the coming decades as temperatures rise.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that adults with a parent who abused alcohol are 85% more likely to attempt suicide. Having divorced parents also increases the risk of suicide attempts by 14%. However, combining divorce and parental alcohol abuse does not increase suicide risk.
A transgenic mouse model was created with the K141N mutation in HSPB8 to study Chinese Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2L. The mice exhibited decreased muscle strength and impaired motor coordination, but not sensory disturbance. Pathological analysis revealed reduced myelinated fiber density and axonal damage.
People with exploding head syndrome typically hear abrupt noises like door slams or gunshots as they fall asleep. The episodes can be frightening and are often accompanied by anxiety and daytime sleepiness.
Researchers will compare connectivity changes between Lumosity training and active control groups, using fMRI sessions and cognitive assessments. The goal is to identify functional changes in the healthy adult brain that result from cognitive training and relate to improved cognitive performance.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry finds that a genetic variant in the WWC1 gene may confer protection against age-related memory decline. Individuals carrying the T allele performed better on memory tasks and showed more active engagement in the hippocampus, a vital brain region for memory, with increasing age.
Cigarette butts are a significant source of pollution worldwide, containing toxins and carcinogens found in cigarettes. A proposed policy includes banning filtered cigarettes, implementing a deposit-return scheme for used butts, and holding manufacturers responsible for clean-ups.
A GW researcher advocates for a sustainable approach to controlling soil-transmitted helminths (STH), proposing the use of biogas technology to provide sanitation, parasite control, and energy supply. This grassroots solution offers cost-effectiveness and community-driven development in underdeveloped areas.
Climate change impacts vary widely across Africa, with specific regions at high risk due to drought and flooding. The study identifies hotspots in Sudan, Ethiopia, Lake Victoria, and South Africa, requiring adaptive measures to mitigate damage.
The Randolph Glacier Inventory is a globally complete map of glaciers, covering over 730,000 km2 with a total volume of about 170,000 km3. The new inventory provides unprecedented accuracy for studying the impacts of climate change on glaciers worldwide.
The study found that AMPK and inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. AMPK regulates tau protein phosphorylation, reducing amyloidogenesis in neurons.
Research found that snacking frequency and diet quality differ by age in schoolchildren, with younger kids benefiting from snacks and teens negatively affected. Nutrient-rich snacks can be a key to improving diet quality in children, especially as they enter adolescence.