The Dietary Guidelines for Americans should incorporate sustainability considerations to address the health and wellbeing of Americans and the planet. Sustainability evaluations may lead to future regulation, change food-group guidance, and form new political coalitions that favor sustainable diets.
A new framework reveals how panda conservation efforts in China impact cities worldwide, including economic impacts and greenhouse gas emissions. The study also explores the effects of tourism and conservation on local ecosystems.
Researchers created detailed maps of five Great Lakes recreational activities to prioritize restoration projects. The maps show the distribution of recreational use and environmental stressors, providing a scientific foundation for sustainable management.
Researchers have found that hawk moths and bumble bees are damaging rare orchids in North Dakota by stealing nectar without providing pollination services. The long-tongued hawk moth species are particularly problematic, as they have tongues longer than the orchid's spur, allowing them to access nectar without paying for it.
Sir Roger Penrose's 1965 theorem associates black holes with trapped surfaces that shrink over time. The theory also predicts the existence of singularities in extreme conditions, highlighting the limitations of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.
Researchers found that sensory feedback shapes motor variability, allowing for normal behavior and adaptation. The study suggests maintaining variability is essential, contrary to the common view of it as a problem to overcome.
Researchers from California Institute of Technology found that heat can shorten dendrites by up to 36% and possibly extend battery lifetimes. By analyzing the effect of temperature on individual lithium atoms, they discovered that increased temperatures trigger atomic motion, leading to the breakdown of dendrite structures.
A CWRU researcher has received a $1.9 million grant to transform synthetic platelet technology into devices that dissolve clots to prevent serious health risks like stroke and heart attack. The technology, called SynthoPlate, has already shown promising results in treating bleeding disorders.
A team of scientists discovered a molecular switch that regulates the body's circadian clock, allowing it to keep time. The 'phosphoswitch' maintains clock speed despite temperature changes and metabolic signals.
Researchers used holography to analyze cloud mixing, finding that wet and dry air form sharp boundaries affecting sunlight penetration and heat trapping. This discovery challenges base assumptions in computer models, influencing predictions for weather and climate change.
A randomized controlled trial in Peru found that deworming treatment had no significant impact on growth in pre-school children, similar to a placebo. The study highlights methodological challenges and the need for further research to accurately detect the true effect of deworming on growth in early childhood.
A national study by University of South Florida researchers and Aetna found that only 36.8% of women received genetic counseling before BRCA testing, with Obstetrician/Gynecologists having the lowest rates. Women who received counseling demonstrated greater knowledge and satisfaction.
A new pan-Canadian Dream Team, led by Tak W. Mak and Samuel Aparicio, will research novel approaches to treating aggressive breast cancers. The team aims to develop new therapies targeting genetic instability in tumor cells.
A recent study found that mobile device tweets are more likely to employ egocentric language compared to non-mobile device tweets. Researchers analyzed 235 million tweets and discovered a consistent greater ratio of egocentric to non-egocentric tweets on mobile platforms.
The study found a lower rate of blood transfusions in overweight and obese patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery compared to those with normal weight. Researchers also discovered no correlation between BMI and post-surgical complications such as blood clots and heart attacks.
Scientists discovered that warmer glaciers in Patagonia erode 100-1,000 times faster than those in Antarctica, shedding sediment into oceans and impacting freshwater access. The study highlights the complex effects of climate change on polar regions.
A new study suggests that universities with experiential entrepreneurship education increase confidence and likelihood of students becoming entrepreneurs. Students graduating with higher self-efficacy levels are more likely to start their own firm than join an existing one.
Researchers developed a way to convert brain scans into wiring diagrams, revealing fundamental rules governing cognitive control and the frontal cortex's role in controlling thoughts and actions. The study highlights the importance of location and connectivity between brain regions.
Researchers at the University of Geneva have confirmed that glutamate is an essential energy source for the brain, which cannot store glucose. In its absence, the brain sends signals to the liver to increase glucose production, leading to muscle loss and growth deficits.
Researchers will conduct research to support long-term sustainability of the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, with a focus on observation networks and ecosystem modeling. The projects aim to enhance effective and sustainable ecosystem management.
A large-scale Swedish study has discovered a link between height and cancer risk in both men and women. The research found that taller individuals have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer, including breast cancer and melanoma, with the risk increasing by up to 30% per 10 cm of height.
Tropical Depression Marty's winds had diminished to near 30 mph with higher gusts, leaving the southwestern coast of Mexico. The storm then degenerated into a remnant low pressure area, forecast to dissipate in a day or so.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded $38 million in grants to support the BRAIN Initiative, a large-scale effort to understand neural circuit function and capture dynamic views of the brain. The initiative aims to treat devastating brain disorders that affect over one billion people worldwide.
Cancer cases worldwide are projected to reach almost 22 million by 2030, with low- and middle-income countries facing unsustainable economic burdens. Effective cancer prevention campaigns have shown promising results in Taiwan, Rwanda, and Brazil, highlighting the importance of rapid implementation of control programs.
Researchers at MIT develop a new way of doing machine learning that enables semantically related concepts to reinforce each other. In experiments, their system outperformed conventional training methods in predicting Flickr tags and even when considering semantically similar tags.
A new study found that climate change is altering the distributions of young and adult fish in the Northeast U.S. Larval stages of 43% of species shifted distribution, while adult stages of 50% also changed, often moving northwards or along the shelf. These changes have significant implications for fisheries management.
A Stanford study suggests a malfunctioning enzyme may contribute to the development of alcoholism in individuals who binge drink. The researchers identified a previously unknown biochemical assembly line that produces an essential neurotransmitter called GABA, which is thought to play a key role in countering addiction.
Researchers characterized two genetic mutations linked to achromatopsia in dogs and found that they destabilized molecular channels essential to light signal transduction. The findings provide new insights into the molecular cause of blindness and present opportunities for conducting preclinical assessments of curative gene therapy.
A team of scientists has confirmed the existence of a previously unknown wild orchid species, known as Dendrochilum hampelii, which was misidentified as 'Big Pink' in flower stalls. The discovery was made through DNA analysis and confirms that the species is separate from its cultivated relatives.
A new study explores how ancient South African ecosystems responded to the 'big 5' mass extinction, revealing that species with important roles in food webs were most vulnerable to extinction. The research highlights the critical importance of understanding food webs in predicting community stability during times of great change.
A new study by HHMI scientists found that a single neuron in an adult human brain may have more than 1,000 genetic mutations not present in surrounding cells. These mutations mostly arise while genes are in active use after brain development is complete.
Researchers found that hibernating bats infected with the white nose fungus exhibited a partial immune response, including acute inflammation and wound healing. However, the influx of white blood cells into infected tissue was missing, which may be related to the unique characteristics of the Pd pathogen.
Northwestern Medicine researchers aim to develop new treatments for uterine fibroids using novel targets and pathways. The NIH grant supports projects focused on progesterone effects, nuclear receptors, and AKT pathway modification.
A study published in the American Sociological Review found that media coverage is dominated by men, with 82% of names being men's. Despite significant social and economic advances, women continue to be underrepresented in media coverage.
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics calls for increased efforts to prevent exposure to toxic chemicals, linked to reproductive issues such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and cancer. The group advocates for policies to protect patients and communities from involuntary chemical exposure.
Ram, an associate professor at Penn State, received the award for his work on longitudinal research methodology and life-span development. His research focuses on understanding human behavior through novel longitudinal methods that address fundamental questions about behavioral change.
Action video games have been shown to improve attention skills and cognitive functions, while 'brain games' lack equivalent impact on perception and cognition. Video game play predicts poorer attention in the classroom, but benefits can be positive or negative depending on content.
Standardized test designers should use tests as tools to promote learning, provide feedback, and encourage self-assessment to enhance student outcomes. The researchers recommend adapting tests to students' ability levels and ensuring they encourage critical thinking and application of knowledge.
A global team of experts aims to mitigate the spread of antibiotic-resistant organisms through contaminated water. The researchers focus on understanding how wastewater treatment processes affect resistance dissemination and develop novel approaches to stop it.
The researchers created mini-brains using living tissue from a single rodent, which can form complex neural connections and produce electrical signals within two weeks. The approach is expected to reduce animal use in neuroscience research and make it more accessible to labs without advanced equipment.
A pilot study found nearly half of pediatric ED patients exhibit mental health symptoms, underscoring the need for early identification and treatment. The study aims to reduce stigma and provide quality medical care by incorporating mental health screening into emergency department assessments.
The latest results from ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions offer insight into the building blocks of matter and the hearts of neutron stars. Scientists are studying quarks and gluons in extreme conditions to understand the early universe.
Researchers at UBC and BC Children's Hospital found that acquiring four specific gut bacteria can protect infants from developing asthma. The study analyzed fecal samples from over 300 children and confirmed the finding in mice, opening the door to probiotic treatments for premature babies.
The University of Washington School of Social Work will provide scholarships for graduate students, helping them start careers without staggering debt loads. The $20 million gift from Connie and Steve Ballmer brings their total support to $32 million over five years.
The 1000 Genomes Project Consortium has created the world's largest catalog of genomic differences among humans, identifying over 88 million sites that vary among people. This database will help researchers understand how inherited genetic variations contribute to disease risk and drug response, enabling the development of improved dia...
New research shows Islamist insurgency has a strong impact on where polio cases occur, particularly in the past few years, likely due to counterinsurgency strategies. The study suggests that improving vaccines and administration is not enough to eradicate polio; political and social barriers must be addressed.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have discovered a strong link between elevated blood eosinophilia and late complications in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis. High levels of eosinophils after NEC onset can predict life-threatening conditions like bowel rupture, fibrosis, and intestinal strictures.
Researchers have discovered a new gene locus that explains why some African children develop severe malaria while others do not. The genetic variant, found in Kenyan children, reduces the risk of severe malaria by about 40% and lies within a region of the genome shared with chimpanzees.
Researchers have identified new mutations in six genes that may explain why some patients respond to a class of anti-cancer drugs known as EGFR inhibitors. These discoveries were made using human tumors grafted into mice, called tumorgraft avatars, which provide a unique environment for studying individual tumor responses to therapy.
A recent ENA study found that moral distress in emergency nurses is caused by environmental factors such as excessive documentation and inadequate staffing. The study highlights the need for emergency departments to address these challenges to provide high-quality care.
A study published in Educational Researcher found that unequal access to rigorous mathematics content exacerbates the gap in performance on international math literacy tests. The study revealed that nearly a third of the relationship between socioeconomic status and math literacy in the US is due to inequalities in math coverage.
Researchers analyzed Eocene rocks found in the Green River Formation and identified features that visually indicate the presence of life. They used chemical analysis to confirm the presence of lipid biomarkers, which are preserved remnants of lipids synthesized by organisms.
The Pan-European Species-directories Infrastructure (PESI) project provides a harmonized taxonomic reference system and high-quality data sets to efficiently handle big taxonomic data. It integrates five pillars, including knowledge, consensus, standards, data, and dissemination, to standardize taxonomic information across platforms.
A recent study by Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research and Institute of Catalysis and Environment in Lyon reveals that oceans produce significantly more isoprene, a gas formed by both vegetation and oceans. This finding suggests that the climate models need to be improved to accurately predict temperature and precipitation changes.
A recent study suggests that experienced skilled nursing facilities are more likely to successfully discharge patients back to the community within 30 days of breaking a hip. Facilities with over 24 cases in the prior year had a discharge rate of 43.7%, compared to 18.8% for those with fewer cases.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that psychotherapy's effectiveness in treating depression is often overstated due to publication bias. The research team analyzed unpublished data from 55 clinical trials and concluded that the treatment works but its benefits are inflated by selective publication of positive results.
Recent developments in surveillance technology could enable a swifter response to potentially deadly outbreaks of disease. A team of infectious disease experts found that shortcomings in the global response to Ebola highlight the need for state-of-the-art techniques to detect and monitor outbreaks.
North Carolina State University researchers have developed two new techniques, MEMST and MeToo, to help optimize memory systems in computer chips. These techniques use performance cloning to assess the behavior of software without compromising privileged data or proprietary code.
A new study from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health confirms that obesity is more common among those with lower education levels in wealthy countries. The research, which analyzed data from 70 countries, suggests that economic growth and increasing calorie-rich food availability contribute to this trend.
A recent study published in Neurology suggests that children who have suffered from recent infections or are not up-to-date on their vaccinations are at a higher risk of stroke. The study, which analyzed data from over 350 children, found that 18% of those who experienced strokes had recently contracted an infection.