A study published in JAMA Surgery found that women who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery had a faster increase in blood alcohol concentration and reported greater feelings of drunkenness. This alteration in alcohol metabolism increases the risk of developing alcohol use disorders, highlighting the need for public awareness.
Researchers identified a protein produced by white blood cells that puts the brakes on muscle repair. Removing CD163 from mice boosted muscle repair and recovery of blood flow after ischemic injury. The findings point to a target for potential treatments aiming to enhance muscle regeneration.
A UC Davis study found that nearly one-third of ovarian cancer patients survived at least 10 years after diagnosis, contradicting the common perception of poor survival rates. The research also identified younger, earlier-stage disease and lower-risk tumor types as factors associated with longer survival.
A new study found that corals pre-conditioned to increased temperature and ocean acidification produced healthier offspring, which can handle future environmental stressors. This rapid trans-generational acclimatization may help corals survive climate change.
A $1.5 million gift will support research in spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress (SMARD), a rare condition affecting fewer than 70 reported cases worldwide. The funding will enable the development of effective treatments and therapies for children impacted by this devastating disease.
A global survey of beverage intakes found diverse consumption patterns, with younger adults consuming high levels of sugar-sweetened beverages and older adults drinking more milk. The study's results inform research on beverage health impacts and nutrition policy development.
LinkEdit enables intuitive and predictable changes to planar linkage shape and motion, preserving critical features like walking gait. The software uses symbolic kinematics for efficient computation, allowing users to modify links, joints, and linkage size.
Large-budget clinical trials evaluating drugs or dietary supplements for cardiovascular disease reported fewer positive outcomes after new transparent reporting standards were implemented around 2000. The study found that 57% of trials from 1970-1999 reported positive results, compared to only 8% of trials from 2000-2012.
A new study reveals an iron-telluride material develops superconductivity without long-range electronic or magnetic order, with a competing disordered magnetic phase. The researchers found that the ordering is extremely local and fleeting, similar to a liquid-like behavior.
Researchers developed an objective method to differentiate between bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) based on urine metabolites. A panel of six biomarkers showed an 89-91% accuracy rate in predicting each condition.
A study monitors trends on woody encroachment in three Central Texas settings, finding a significant correlation between population changes and woody cover decreases. The researchers used time-series aerial imagery and historical census data to quantify the relationship between human demographics and land use patterns.
HHMI scientists have discovered functional liver stem cells that proliferate and give rise to mature hepatocytes, even in healthy livers. The newly found stem cells require Wnt signals to maintain their identity and are responsible for replenishing the liver's population.
A new simulation by Carnegie Mellon University researchers suggests that large disk galaxies, like the Milky Way, might have formed in the early universe. The BlueTides simulation, which is 100 times larger than previous simulations, shows a number of disk galaxies existing at 500 million years post-Big Bang, challenging long-held theo...
Researchers developed a tool enabling art directors to control computer programs using verbal descriptors like 'silky' and 'wrinkly'. The system improved the process of creating garments with desired properties, reducing laborious tweaking of technical parameters.
A Baylor University study found that counties in the US with more beautiful weather and scenery have lower rates of membership and affiliation with religious organizations. The research suggests that natural amenities can serve as conduits to the sacred, competing with traditional religious congregations.
A Nova Southeastern University researcher has discovered a new deep-sea fish species, the Ceratioid anglerfish, found between 1,000-1,500 meters depth in the Gulf of Mexico. The three female specimens, considered type specimens, will reside in the Ichthyology Collection at the University of Washington.
A new study suggests that spaceflight can disrupt intestinal homeostasis and increase colitis susceptibility in mice. The research found altered composition of intestinal bacteria, decreased regulatory T cells, and increased neutrophils in the colon tissues of hindlimb-suspended mice.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute solved the structure of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), important regulators of tumor response to low oxygen. The findings identify potential targets for new cancer drugs, which could inhibit HIF functions and reduce tumor growth.
A new report finds that UK drinking guidelines are largely ignored due to their lack of relevance to occasional drinkers. The study suggests that separate advice for regular drinking and single occasion drinking is more appealing to those who drink heavily at weekends.
A NASA camera aboard the DSCOVR satellite captured a unique view of the moon as it moved in front of the sunlit side of Earth. The images show the fully illuminated
Researchers tracked five pandas with GPS collars for three years, finding they exhibit three daily activity peaks - morning, afternoon, and midnight. This unique pattern may be linked to their low nutrition quality from bamboo consumption, allowing them to adapt to their environment.
The OmniAD technique uses video recording data to reconstruct the 3D motion of an object and infer aerodynamic forces. This allows for realistic simulation of light, 3-D objects in videogames and animations.
A new study published in JAMA Surgery found that gastric bypass surgery can alter how the body metabolizes alcohol, leading to higher and more rapid blood-alcohol levels. Women who underwent the surgery experienced changes similar to those seen in men, with a significant increase in blood-alcohol content after consuming just two drinks.
Three college students developed ComFlo, an interactive website that visualizes domestic transport of commodities in the US. The tool helps identify pathways for invasive species and informs resource allocation for prevention.
The Alan Turing Institute has made significant progress in its first few days of operations, with the appointment of Professor Andrew Blake as its first Director. The Institute will promote the development and use of advanced mathematics, computer science, algorithms, and big data for human benefit.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel electrode made of nanoparticles with a solid shell, and a yolk that can change size without affecting the shell, improving cycle life and energy storage. The use of aluminum as the key material has proven to be high-rate champion among high-capacity anodes.
Researchers found that a brown variation of the Timema cristinae insect species prevents strong divergent adaptation and speciation by carrying genes between green populations. The study highlights how natural selection can sometimes impede the formation of new species.
A new study enhances climate model accuracy, while a modeling tool facilitates high-resolution calculations of Earth's elastic response. Five new research papers explore topics including tropical cyclones in a cooler climate and exotic crust formation on Mercury.
Researchers at the University of Washington have released new guidelines to ensure makerspaces are accessible to people with disabilities. The guidelines address unique challenges faced by students with various disabilities, including visual impairments and motor impairments.
A team of researchers found that snow leopard haemoglobin is equally as inefficient as the haemoglobins of all other big cats and structurally similar to those of house cats. The study suggests that animals may compensate for poor oxygen capacity by breathing harder, but further research is needed.
Researchers from NC State University developed a new method to bind nanoparticles using oily liquid shells, mimicking the formation of sandcastles. The technique creates ultraflexible microfilaments and networks with reversible binding, enabling dynamic reconfigurable multifunctional materials.
Research suggests that playing music in operating theaters can increase tensions due to ineffective communication and may impact patient safety. The study of 20 operations in the UK found repeated requests were 5 times more likely with music present than without.
Research on monarch butterfly conservation highlights declining population trends, with survival rates dropping from 1997 to 2014. The studies also suggest that Karner blue butterflies are being protected through a cutting-edge recovery program in Wisconsin.
A study by the Max Planck Institute found that parents experiencing a drop in happiness after the birth of their first child are less likely to have a second child. The effect is strongest for well-educated and older parents. In fact, only 58 out of 100 couples who reported a significant decline in happiness had a second child within t...
A new national survey found nearly three-quarters of black respondents consider violence against civilians by police as extremely or very serious, while less than 20% of whites share the same view. The poll also finds agreement across racial groups on many causes of police violence and potential solutions.
Researchers at PNNL developed a new forecasting tool that can accurately predict electricity needs, reducing errors and costs. The Power Model Integrator uses an ensemble of models to adaptively combine strengths and address various scenarios, improving accuracy by up to 50%.
A new study found that firms in countries with strong shareholder protection laws raised more money through stock sales, performed better in terms of profits and investment efficiency, and terminated fewer employees than similar firms in countries with weaker shareholder protection laws. Stronger shareholder protection laws allow the s...
Scientists have discovered a major genetic factor that prevents moles from becoming cancerous, and created a realistic model of melanoma for testing new therapies. The study found that the p15 protein acts as a powerful brake on cell division in moles.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that nutritional deficiencies can lead to chronic inflammation, which may be the underlying cause of weight gain. Participants who consumed nutrient bars daily for two months showed significant improvements in various health markers, including weight loss and improved cholesterol levels.
Researchers have developed a clear-cut definition for self-regulation, a crucial psychological concept. By mapping its various meanings and interrelated ideas, the study provides an easy-to-navigate framework for parents, teachers, and educators to better understand and support children's development.
A special journal issue highlights real-world applications of conservation genetics in Latin America, from combating wildlife smuggling to exposing consumer fraud. Researchers used genetic techniques to characterize jaguar populations and identify piracatinga fish as a substitute for river dolphins.
Disney Research has developed a new adaptive rendering method that efficiently corrects for erroneous pixels while preserving crisp detail, resulting in faster production times. The approach uses sparse modeling to predict additional pixels based on patterns identified in a small number of image pixels.
A recent study published in Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that intra-abdominal fat cells may promote inflammation in IBD patients. The research isolated and cultured pre-intra-abdominal fat cells from healthy subjects and those with IBD, revealing significant differences in signaling mediators produced by...
A diet high in refined carbohydrates may lead to an increased risk for new-onset depression in postmenopausal women, according to a recent study. The study found that greater consumption of dietary fiber, whole grains, vegetables, and non-juice fruits was associated with decreased risk.
Patients with metastatic prostate cancer who received a two-drug combination of chemotherapy and hormone blocker lived longer than those on hormone-blocker alone, surviving for 57.6 months versus 44 months. The treatment also delayed disease progression by six months.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that lax state vaccination laws contribute to lower immunization rates and increased outbreaks of preventable diseases, such as whooping cough and measles. States with stricter policies have lower pertussis rates, highlighting the impact of policymakers on disease prevention.
Early narrative skills are tied to kindergarten literacy among young African American children, suggesting that storytelling is crucial for their early reading development. The study found that preschool oral narrative skills predicted emergent literacy for poor and non-poor African American kindergartners, but not for the overall sample.
A new handheld device replaces traditional methods with a safer, more accurate, and affordable testing procedure. It is adaptable for different chemical measurements and can be used by schools and individuals to gather real data in their communities.
A preclinical randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate a potential stroke therapy that had shown promise in one mouse model but not another. The study found that the treatment's success may depend on the type and severity of the stroke, suggesting improved clinical trial design could have mitigated this issue.
The US is set to harden its shoreline by 22,842 km if current trends continue, with most new development focusing on soft marshy estuaries and lagoons. Coastal wetlands provide essential ecosystem services, including filtering pollution and buffering against storms.
A team of biologists observed and analyzed the jumping behavior of water striders, revealing two phases: a dimple creation phase and a leg movement phase. Mathematical models were created to understand the surface tension forces involved in the jump, predicting optimal jumping performance.
Several fire complexes are currently active in Northern California, including River, Fork, South, Route, and Mad River, with total fires numbering over 40 in the Fork Complex alone. Damage assessments are ongoing, and crews are working to contain fires and protect structures.
A study found that nearly two-thirds of meniscal transplants remain viable at 10 years, relieving pain and improving knee function. However, many patients required additional surgery within 15 years.
A recent study from Saint Louis University found that over 90% of hospital physicians fail to identify or address weight issues in children. Despite the importance of BMI calculations and universal screening, only a small percentage of physicians documented weight concerns or took action to address them.
A recent study published in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery found that patients with suspected lung cancer often wait too long to receive treatment and skip vital diagnostic steps. Only 1 in 10 patients had the recommended combination of three staging tests before surgery, highlighting the need for improved quality care.
A team of scientists from the University of Pennsylvania discovered that lightning can reshape rocks at an atomic level, creating distinctive black 'glazes' and shock lamellae. This finding challenges previous assumptions about the effects of meteorite impacts on rocks.
A Japanese wasp has been found to control its zombie spider host to build a reinforced cocoon web for pupa development. The spiders were manipulated to remove their sticky spiral, reinforce radial and frame threads, and add decorative fibrous structures.
A study found that physical activity reduces insulin resistance in early-teens, but not at age 16. The findings suggest targeting the early-teens for more effective interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes.
Scientists capture subtle eyelid motions and create plausible folding and stretching in areas not directly captured during data collection. The method improves photorealistic actors for films by accurately determining the location of wrinkles and predicting their change based on eye region history.
Researchers found that using stainless steel containers and silverware for hot meals can decrease melamine levels in people's bodies by 41-92%. This practice could lower exposure to the industrial chemical, which has been linked to urinary stones and kidney problems.