A new study finds that more than 17,000 marine species worldwide remain largely unprotected. Nations like the US, Canada, and Brazil have large gaps in their protected areas, highlighting opportunities to achieve global biodiversity goals by 2020.
A recent study by the American Geriatrics Society defines person-centered care as an approach that prioritizes individual values and preferences in healthcare decisions. The research highlights the importance of eliciting patients' preferences and goals, and measures success by attention to people's health and life outcomes.
Scientists at Texas Biomed aim to develop a functional cure for babies born with HIV by testing a combination of antiviral drugs and vaccines in infant monkeys. The goal is to induce long-lasting protective immunity and eliminate the virus from tissue reservoirs.
The EurocanPlatform project has led to the establishment of Cancer Core Europe, a long-term initiative between six leading cancer centers aiming to create a single virtual 'e-hospital' with powerful translational platforms. This will provide robust computational biology pipelines and standardized imaging for personalized cancer medicine.
A large-scale national study on people with dementia in residential aged care found that participants experienced low levels of activity participation and pessimistic attitudes from staff and families. The study suggests improving leisure activities could enhance quality of life for those with dementia living in long-term care.
A study of over 12,000 patients found that hospitals employing more nurses trained abroad are associated with lower patient satisfaction rates. Patients in these hospitals were less likely to rate their care as excellent or very good, and reported being treated with disrespect and having poor communication with their caregivers.
A study published by CNIC researchers found a diet high in fatty acids can restore normal cell metabolism and prevent dilated cardiomyopathy. The research suggests that this approach may lead to future treatments for patients with heart disease.
Researchers found that warning people about defaults or informing them after the fact had little effect on their influence. Defaults for specific treatments influenced final choices, regardless of disclosure. The study suggests behavioral interventions can be effective without being deceptive.
A new report reveals that increased funding for Ebola research and development comes at the expense of other neglected diseases, which cause more deaths annually than Ebola. Despite this, industry investment in R&D for Ebola, malaria, and HIV/AIDS increases, while funding for TB R&D decreases.
Using a novel microscope that combines standard through-the-lens viewing with scatterfield imaging, NIST team accurately measures patterned features on a silicon wafer as small as 16 nanometers wide. The technique reveals variations in feature dimensions amounting to differences of a few atoms.
Breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy experienced lower verbal memory and default mode brain network connectivity compared to non-chemotherapy groups. Cognitive dysfunction was also elevated in both treatment groups, highlighting the need for further research into chemotherapy-related neurotoxic effects.
A small study found that surface nicotine was detectable on mothers' fingers and furniture in a neonatal unit, suggesting exposure to thirdhand smoke. Detectable levels of nicotine metabolites were also found in babies' urine samples, with potential health consequences for vulnerable premature newborns.
A new study in mice successfully preserved fertility using ovarian follicles, producing live births and addressing concerns about reintroducing cancer cells. The technique could be beneficial for women with cancer who cannot afford to delay treatment.
A new study highlights huge gaps in the conservation of migratory birds, particularly across China, India, and parts of Africa and South America. More than half of migratory bird species have suffered serious population declines over the past 30 years.
Research shows that inadequate prenatal iron intake can exert subtle effects on infant brain development. Higher dietary iron intake is associated with greater complexity and maturity of cortical gray matter, while lower intake is linked to lesser complexity and more immaturity.
Kansas State University researchers developed a method to test endosperm purity in flour, enabling millers to optimize equipment settings and meet baker specifications. The test helps exclude inferior flour streams from final products, improving the yield of high-quality wheat flour.
Researchers have identified a novel approach to targeting protein homeostasis in cancer, using p97 inhibitor CB-5083. Preclinical data show CB-5083 induces disease regression in acute myeloid leukemia and demonstrates antitumor activity in solid tumors.
Clemson University has received a $150,000 grant from Wells Fargo to support research on Armillaria root rot, a devastating fungus that causes significant annual losses in the peach industry. The funding will allow researchers to apply advanced genetic and computational techniques to build a foundation for solving this critical problem.
Researchers at The Neuro compiled a detailed map of the hippocampus, improving tools for diagnosing and treating epilepsy. The new atlas provides non-invasive ways to assess therapy impact and improve patient quality of life.
Scientists discovered a 'master switch' in cancer cells that allows them to survive stress conditions by overriding the normal stress response. The Brf2 protein acts as a sensor and regulates gene activity, enabling cancer cells to thrive under stress.
The Event Horizon Telescope detected magnetic fields near the event horizon of the Milky Way's central black hole, Sgr A*, for the first time. The findings suggest that these magnetic fields are disordered in some regions and organized in others, possibly related to jet generation.
A study combining parents' and professionals' views sets research priorities for stillbirth, identifying areas such as ultrasound evaluation and bereavement care as key focuses. The study received over 1600 responses, providing valuable insights into the complexities of stillbirth and its impact on families.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center are conducting a proof of concept experiment using intraspinal microstimulation technology to restore complex body movements in paralyzed patients. The study aims to identify the optimal sweet spot for stimulation along the spinal cord, which has shown promise in animal studies.
A new study has found a link between early pesticide exposure and decreased lung function in children, with increased organophosphate metabolites associated with reduced air capacity. The study's findings suggest that chronic exposure to pesticides could leave children at risk of developing respiratory problems like COPD.
The University of Huddersfield has made a significant recording of the ancient Celtic instrument carnyx, featuring John Kenny's compositions and improvisations. The project, part of the European Music Archaeology Project (EMAP), aims to recreate prehistoric music and showcase its importance in understanding European heritage.
A geneticist has used powerful internet and social media tools to find doctors and researchers worldwide to confirm a new X-linked intellectual disability syndrome in young boys. The syndrome is characterized by severe developmental delays, facial malformations, and generalized hypotonia, with 14 cases involving 11 unrelated families.
Researchers found that stimulating brain receptors for ghrelin, a hormone that increases appetite, increases food-related behaviors such as gathering and consuming food. Blocking ghrelin receptors in the brain prevents these behaviors, suggesting a crucial role of brain receptors in regulating food intake.
A new study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that faces transplanted change their appearance due to changes in the bone structure of the recipient, and seem to age at an accelerated rate. The research suggests the need for effective countermeasures to prevent muscle and bone atrophy in face transplant recipients.
A World Health Organization task force found that up to 33 million healthy life years are lost each year due to foodborne diseases. Diarrheal disease agents were the most frequent causes of foodborne illness, particularly norovirus and Campylobacter spp.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have mapped the genome of the African turquoise killifish, a short-lived species that lives only four to six months. The study found evidence of rare genes influencing longevity and aging in other species, including humans.
Researchers found that cancer cells need help from the surrounding tissue to establish and form a new tumor. The faster the surroundings change, the faster the cancer cells will grow. THSB2 protein helps cancer cells adapt their environment, activating fibroblasts to support cancer growth.
QUT scientists uncover the secrets of Aussie 'resurrection' grass, a native species that can survive droughts by selectively culling its own cells. The research reveals sugar manipulation and autophagy as key survival mechanisms, potentially leading to the development of stress-tolerant crops like chickpea.
A research team at the University of Rochester has developed a new catalyst that selectively converts ethanol to butanol with near total conversion efficiency. Butanol is a more efficient and less volatile alternative to gasoline, yielding more energy and causing less engine damage.
Researchers developed flexible microsupercapacitors that store and release energy like commercial supercapacitors, but are made in a room-temperature process. The technology has potential for cost-effective mass production.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology reveals that cancer drug prices vary significantly between European countries, with some nations paying up to 388% more than others for the same medication. The UK and Mediterranean countries have the lowest average unit manufacturer prices for a group of 31 originator cancer drugs, while German...
A study by UC Riverside researchers found that almost 9% of popular apps download from Google Play interact with malicious URLs, posing a risk to users' security and privacy. The team developed a tool called AURA to evaluate app riskiness before downloading.
A new study analyzing data from 1901 to 2008 found that dams and irrigation significantly raise the global human consumption of freshwater by increasing evapotranspiration. The study's results indicate a 20% increase in the global human freshwater footprint, corresponding to around 4,370 km3 per year.
The National Institutes of Health is funding the development of three innovative robots to improve the lives of individuals with disabilities. The robots, including a smart-walker for elderly mobility and a hand-worn device for visually impaired grasping objects, aim to enhance independence and quality of life.
Research reveals how Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus uses an ankyrin-type protein called Bd3460 as a shield to protect itself against its own enzymes. The study found that the protein binds to the tip of the enzyme weapons, nullifying their action until they are safely secreted out of the Bdellovibrio and into the prey bacteria.
A new gene therapy approach has successfully reduced the number of epileptic seizures in test animals, mimicking human temporal lobe epilepsy. The treatment involves delivering genes for neuropeptide Y and its receptors into the brain, resulting in a significant reduction in seizures for up to 80% of the animals.
A study published in Science found that mutations before birth can disrupt heart and nervous system development, leading to congenital heart disease and developmental delays. Researchers identified damaging mutations in genes crucial for heart and brain formation, which may enable early DNA testing to identify at-risk children.
A new study has identified numerous genetic mutations associated with both congenital heart disease and neurodevelopmental disorders. The analysis revealed a high burden of damaging de novo mutations in genes highly expressed during heart development, suggesting a link between heart and brain development.
A pilot study suggests that targeted magnetic pulses to the brain can significantly reduce craving and substance use in cocaine-addicted patients. The treatment, known as rTMS, showed promising results in helping patients maintain abstinence from cocaine.
Research at Penn State found that dicamba drift reduces flowering in both alfalfa and common boneset plant species. Herbicide exposure also decreases insect visitation to damaged flowers, particularly honeybees and syrphid flies. The study suggests widespread damage from these herbicides may adversely affect pollinator communities.
A University of Sydney graduate student has reconstructed images of the star CW Leo, which appears to be a changing 'inkblot pattern' due to dust and gas ejections. The star's appearance evolved over eight years, revealing it is not buried under its own dust as previously thought.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens suggests that blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can increase regulatory T cell numbers and virus production, while also boosting killer T cell proliferation. The researchers found that this approach may be beneficial for HIV-infected patients, but only when combined with antiretroviral treatment.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people who respond quickly to general knowledge questions and visual tasks are perceived as more charismatic. The researchers speculate that mental speed may facilitate charisma by enabling quick masking of inappropriate reactions and making humorous associations.
Scientists at Michigan State University propose a novel approach to understanding the global impacts of megacity water demands. The telecoupling framework examines how environmental and socioeconomic actions lead to reactions and feedbacks, often highlighting research gaps previously overlooked.
The center will use the funding to develop new ways of collecting, processing, archiving, and analyzing large volumes of user-generated photographic and video evidence. This technology is currently only available to military, corporate, and intelligence personnel.
Researchers found that patients with high negative affect experienced significantly more adverse events during interventional radiology procedures. A positive emotional state did not make a significant difference in the incidence of adverse events.
Clinical geneticists have identified two genes, MAPRE2 and TUBB, linked to circumferential skin creases Kunze type and associated intellectual disability. The syndrome is extremely rare, affecting less than a dozen cases worldwide.
Psychologists have determined the amount of weight required to make a difference in facial adiposity perception. Women need to lose about twice as much as men to be considered more attractive. A change in BMI of approximately 1.33 kg/m2 is required for noticeable changes.
Scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution report detecting increased radiation off the US West Coast due to Fukushima, with levels 50% higher than previous samples and still within safe drinking water limits. The study provides valuable insights into ocean currents and mixing, using radioactive isotopes as markers.
A study by University of Oregon and University of Cincinnati researchers found that colors like blue are associated with eco-friendliness, while green can have the opposite effect. The findings suggest that color in a brand's logo influences consumer judgments on environmental friendliness.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed power paper, a three-dimensional organic mixed ion-electron conductor that stores energy. The material has outstanding ability to store energy, can be recharged hundreds of times, and is produced from simple materials like renewable cellulose and an easily available polymer.
Researchers found pygmy slow lorises in Southeast Asia exhibit multiday torpor to conserve energy during food scarcity. This discovery highlights the possibility that hibernation may be used by further primate species beyond Madagascar.
Researchers at UTA are working with North Central Texas Council of Governments to determine the optimal toll price for managed lanes. They will use survey data and video traffic volume data to make recommendations about toll charges that encourage efficient use without increasing congestion, enabling speed of at least 50 mph.
The San Bernardino shooting is a rare example of a hybrid mass killing involving multiple shooters and a female perpetrator. Experts warn that such incidents are becoming increasingly common due to societal factors like lack of compassion and empathy.
The project aims to enhance access to nutritious food for the rural poor, particularly for women and children, by scaling up research and policy changes that promote a more diverse diet. Empowering women through leadership roles in producer groups and labor-saving techniques is also key to addressing malnutrition.
Researchers in Taiwan have identified a biomarker called Huntingtin interaction protein-1 (HIP1) that detects the most common type of lung cancer in its earliest stage. HIP1 expression was found to be associated with longer survival rates and reduced metastasis, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker.