A University of Tokyo research group has developed a flexible, lightweight temperature sensor that responds rapidly to tiny thermal changes. The sensor is composed of graphite and a semicrystalline acrylate polymer and can measure body temperature with high accuracy without additional circuitry.
A vaccine developed for African meningitis A has led to the control and near elimination of deadly disease in 26 countries. However, scientists warn that unless countries maintain high levels of protection through routine immunization schedules, the disease could rebound in 15 years.
A 12-month study found that the COPE Healthy Lifestyles TEEN Program significantly reduced body mass index and alleviated severe depression in teens. The program, based on cognitive behavioral therapy, teaches adolescents skills to manage negative beliefs and engage in healthy behaviors.
The partnership between Cornell's Atkinson Center and EDF aims to accelerate problem-solving research and catalyze policy changes addressing pressing environmental issues, backed by a $1.7 million grant.
A new study suggests that lowering systolic blood pressure to 120 mmHg could benefit up to 16.8 million Americans, who meet specific eligibility criteria for intensive blood pressure management. The study found that this lower target could have a significant impact on reducing risk of heart failure, heart attack, and death.
A new blood test for prostate cancer significantly improves detection of aggressive cancer, reducing false positives and unnecessary biopsies. The STHLM3 test analyzes protein markers, genetic data, and clinical information to detect cancers in men with low PSA values.
A phase III trial showed that sorafenib modestly increased progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate in NSCLC patients, but did not impact overall survival. The study also found that EGFR mutation positive patients receiving sorafenib had significantly longer OS and PFS.
A comprehensive assessment of hop pests and their natural enemies has been published to help northeastern hop farmers manage insect pests. The study found that natural enemy populations can control economically damaging pests like twospotted spider mites and hop aphids without the need for insecticides.
A recent study from Karolinska Institutet shows that the human genome's 'grammar' is more complex than even intricate spoken languages. The findings contribute to understanding how genetic differences affect disease risk and pave the way for cracking the genetic code controlling gene expression.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a key molecule that enables cancer cells to produce lipids, leading to rapid tumor growth. Blocking this molecule may slow tumor growth and provide new therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma and other cancers.
Researchers have discovered a new genetic cause of childhood kidney cancer, Wilms tumour, linked to mutations in the REST gene. The study found that REST mutations occur in about 10% of familial cases and can be detected through simple blood tests, providing valuable information for families affected by the disease.
Physicist Sampa Bhadra's T2K team made a groundbreaking discovery of neutrino oscillations, revealing a new frontier in particle physics. The team's measurement of the last unknown quantity dictating rules for oscillations has shed light on the universe's origins.
A study from Carnegie Mellon University found that self-rated health accurately predicts susceptibility to the common cold in healthy adults. Those with better self-rated health were more resistant to developing a cold, despite accounting for socioemotional factors and health practices.
Schizophrenia impacts brain protein synthesis rates, affecting cellular machinery and function in adult stem cells. The study's findings enhance understanding of the disorder and provide new approaches for future drug therapies.
Researchers discovered five new species of long-haired wasps in India, belonging to a previously unknown genus. The wasps' unique features include long hair-like structures along the margins of their wings.
A Canadian study found that black women are at a higher risk of preterm birth than white women, with rates mirroring those in the US. The study analyzed data from the Canadian Live Birth database and found that black women had an 8.9% preterm birth rate, compared to 5.9% for white women.
Physicists at PPPL found a clue to forming large-scale magnetic fields by analyzing small magnetic disturbances that combine under certain conditions. Small velocity shear creates the necessary environment for these disturbances to form one large disturbance, which can persist over billions of years.
Researchers developed a method to detect small chromosomal deletions or duplications, such as Cri du Chat Syndrome and DiGeorge Syndrome, with a simple blood test. The new semiconductor sequencing platform can identify these abnormalities at an average gestational age of 24 weeks, reducing the need for invasive procedures.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a microfluidic device to sort neural stem cell populations, making them easier to study. The device uses inertial forces to isolate single stem cells, reducing stress on the cells and preserving their multipotency.
Disclosing genetic risk information for coronary heart disease results in lower low-density lipoprotein (bad) cholesterol levels. Participants who received genetic risk information showed nearly 10 milligrams per deciliter of blood lower LDL levels six months after risk disclosure.
Researchers aim to advance understanding of intrinsically disordered proteins controlling cellular behavior and potential cures for devastating diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The initiative seeks to raise awareness about the societal impacts of these understudied proteins and develop new therapies.
Disney researchers developed mobile apps that add computer-generated animation, sound, and visuals to traditional activities like coloring books, scavenger hunts, and team games. The apps aim to create a seamless fusion of the real and virtual worlds, promoting creative play and exploration.
Disney Research develops tactile animation, an animation software-like tool to create rich haptic sensations. The new process allows designers to focus on unfolding haptic effects over space and time, reducing the need for individually controlling actuators.
Researchers developed a system to analyze and improve running motions using big data and artificial intelligence, identifying key differences between high-rank marathon runners and beginners. The technology, called 'skill grouping,' converts movements into objective scores, enabling the development of healthcare tools and assisting tra...
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a map of genetic changes across the genome of date palms, shedding light on their origin and diversification. The study also identifies genes important for fruit ripening, disease resistance, and fruit color.
A genetic biomarker called loss of heterozygosity (LOH) predicts which patients with premalignant mouth lesions are at highest risk of developing oral cancer. The study found that LOH-positive patients had a three-year cancer-free survival rate of 74% compared to 87% for LOH-negative patients.
Dr. Jackson T. Wright Jr.'s decades-long clinical research helped create and fine-tune approaches to address hypertension in African-American populations, leading to significant reductions in cardiovascular events and mortality. His work has also informed the development of treatment guidelines for hypertension, addressing health dispa...
Researchers used fossil galls caused by tiny wasps to reconstruct the local habitats of Southern California at the end of the last Ice Age. The study indicates that many habitats, including coniferous forests and chaparral, were present in the region between 33,000 and 44,000 years ago.
Researchers designed a giant molecule formed by thirteen fullerenes covered by carbohydrates to block the Ebola virus receptor, inhibiting cell infection. The study highlights the potential of these giant molecules as antiviral agents, paving the way for new treatments.
Research at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2015 found that intimate partners of people with heart defibrillators are concerned about resuming sexual activity. After discussing their concerns, partners reported a significant decrease in fears related to cardiac arrest and ICD discharge during sex.
Researchers discovered brain cancer cells form a complex network to resist treatment and invade healthy brain tissue. The tumor cells use this network to communicate and repair damage, making it resistant to radiation therapy.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect subtle signs of concussion in children with 94% accuracy, identifying the presence of traumatic brain injuries and severity levels. This simple yet effective test uses biomarkers found in glial cells surrounding neurons in the brain.
Researchers have developed new compounds that target three ways to interrupt the disease's pathology in cells, showing promise against myotonic dystrophy type 1. The compounds reduce levels of mutant RNA and reverse symptoms in a fruit fly model.
Researchers discovered patients taking L-DOPA have significantly lower risk of developing AMD and later age, according to a study published in the American Journal of Medicine. The retrospective study found L-DOPA may delay or prevent AMD, offering new hope for millions of older Americans affected by this common cause of blindness.
In a breakthrough study, researchers discovered how search-and-rescue proteins like MutS identify and correct rare DNA mutations that can cause certain cancers. The findings provide insight into the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair and could lead to new methods for detecting and preventing cancer.
The study found that intensive management of high blood pressure, below the commonly recommended target, significantly reduces rates of cardiovascular disease and lowers risk of death. The results also showed a 38% reduction in heart failure and a 43% reduction in death from heart-related events.
A team of scientists has discovered the first oceanic microplate in the Indian Ocean, helping identify when the initial collision between India and Eurasia occurred. The collision is believed to have led to the formation of the Himalayan Mountain Range at a precise age of 47 million years ago.
Researchers found two clock-like mutational processes in human cells, correlated with age and potentially responsible for cancer and aging. The study analyzed 10,250 cancer genomes and identified 33 mutational signatures, revealing distinct mutation rates in different cell types.
A study found that even small tumors contain extremely high genetic diversity, which can lead to resistance against standard cancer treatments. This raises important questions about how to reevaluate treatment strategies for tumors with high intra-tumor diversity.
A Dartmouth College-led study finds that children born to mothers exposed to higher levels of arsenic during pregnancy are at a greater risk of infections and respiratory symptoms within their first year of life. This increased susceptibility may signal a greater risk of later-life allergic diseases or respiratory impairment.
A new study led by American University professor Laura M. Juliano found that brief cognitive-behavioral therapy can significantly reduce caffeine consumption in individuals with problematic caffeine use, with an average decrease of 77%, and most participants reduced their daily intake to below 200mg.
Scientists have developed a novel combination treatment using IL-21 to repair the immune system in HIV-infected individuals. The study found that IL-21 reduced residual inflammation and improved the reconstitution of Th17 and Th22 cells, critical for intestinal immunity.
A Chinese family with GJB2-associated hearing loss underwent an integrated reproductive strategy combining preimplantation genetic diagnosis and noninvasive prenatal testing. The approach resulted in a healthy baby, demonstrating its potential to prevent hereditary hearing loss globally.
A new study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine found that commercial electronic health record opioid warning systems often fire off unnecessary alerts, compromising patient safety. The alert fatigue issue highlights the need to refine these systems to highlight only clinically significant alerts.
The proportion of nonacute PCIs classified as inappropriate decreased from 26% to 13%, with significant increases in angina severity and use of antianginal medications prior to PCI. Hospital-level variation in procedural appropriateness persisted, but overall trends suggest improvements in patient selection and clinical decision making.
Researchers found that ancient venomous groups evolve slowly under purifying selection, while recent lineages diversify rapidly under positive selection. This reveals a new theory of venom evolution, proposing a 'two-speed' mode where toxins expand and then are preserved through purifying selection.
A study published in Journal of Experimental Biology found that hair allows animals to both get dirty and remain dirt-free. The research team found that a honeybee has nearly 10 billion hairs, while the human head has just 100,000, making their true surface area 100 times greater than their skin surface area.
Researchers found that type II afferent neurons in the inner ear respond to tissue damage similar to pain-sensing nerve cells. This discovery may lead to new treatments for hyperacusis, a condition characterized by increased sensitivity to loud noises.
Researchers from NTU Singapore have successfully used dead bacteria to destroy colon tumour cells effectively. The study published in Scientific Reports shows that the secretions of dead Clostridium sporogenes bacteria can reduce the growth of colorectal cancer cells by up to 83%.
Researchers have discovered that autism-relevant biomarkers can be measured in adult saliva, providing a promising avenue for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment. The study, which analyzed levels of 10 biomarkers in saliva from neurotypical adults, brings us closer to effectively diagnosing and treating autism.
Researchers developed a novel approach to collect healthy post-mortem blood and tissue samples from hundreds of donors for gene expression analysis. The GTEx Project provides valuable resources for understanding disease processes and developing treatments.
Research from Chalmers University of Technology reveals that climate negotiations are more complicated than previously thought due to strategic reasoning. However, the study also suggests that eliminating extreme bargaining positions can increase the possibility of reaching an agreement.
Researchers have identified genetic markers associated with individual risk of type 2 diabetes, providing new insights into the biological processes underlying the disease. The study's findings suggest that specific DNA variants can influence gene expression in key organs, offering a promising avenue for translation into clinical utility.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that continuous chest compressions during out-of-hospital CPR did not provide better outcomes for patients with cardiac arrest. In contrast, interrupting manual chest pumping to perform rescue breathing appeared to improve survival rates among those who received this approach.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed Wi-FM, a technique that uses ambient FM radio signals to mitigate interference between competing wireless networks. By analyzing usage patterns and adapting to changes, Wi-FM enables devices to harmonize their signals and reduce slow speeds, resulting in improved network performance.
Research found that patients who listed at multiple centers had higher transplant rates and lower death rates while waiting. Wealthier patients were more likely to be insured and had the resources to list at multiple centers, addressing long waiting times and organ shortage issues.
A study published in the journal Biology of Sex Differences found that over half of female methadone clinic patients reported doctor-prescribed painkillers as their first contact with opioid drugs. The study highlights the importance of considering gender differences in treatment options for opioid addiction. Researchers noted that wom...
A Yale study published in JAMA found that the proportion of non-acute PCIs classified as inappropriate decreased from 26% to 13% between 2010 and 2014. This decline was attributed to improved clinical decision-making, documentation, and national performance improvement campaigns.
Researchers at North Carolina State University and Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a technique to make titanium stronger while maintaining its ductility. The new material combines ultrafine-grained strength with coarse-grain ductility, enabling the creation of strong yet flexible materials for vehicle manufacturing.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston found that negative body image significantly increases adolescent obesity risk, regardless of depression status. Participants who perceived themselves as overweight were twice as likely to be obese a year after the survey.