When fruit flies get sick, their offspring become more diverse due to increased genetic variability. This adaptation may help the offspring survive future threats from the same pathogens. The findings demonstrate that parents can alter the genotypes of their offspring, a strategy that could be beneficial for survival.
Researchers aim to create temperature-activated proteins that can be controlled by temperature to better understand brain disorders. They plan to identify and engineer proteins with different temperature properties.
Scientists have discovered a young Jupiter-like exoplanet, 51 Eridani b, with the strongest methane signature ever detected in an alien planet's atmosphere. The exoplanet is roughly twice the mass of Jupiter and offers insights into planet formation and the early stages of star development.
A study found that youth infected with HIV in utero may not have adequate immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella, even if vaccinated. Those who started antiretroviral therapy early were more likely to have protective antibodies against these diseases.
Researchers have found that human irisin circulates in the blood at nanogram levels and increases during exercise. The discovery resolves a long-standing controversy over irisin's existence, with alternative start codons explaining its production in skeletal muscle cells.
Scientists have discovered a Jupiter-like planet, 51 Eridani b, in a young star system that could help understand how planets formed around our sun. The exoplanet features the strongest methane signature ever detected and is roughly twice the mass of Jupiter.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found the UK's child mortality rate is nearly double that of Sweden, with premature birth, congenital abnormalities, and infections being major causes. The study calls for a stronger focus on prevention to improve the UK's position on the European child mortality league table.
A University of Manchester study found that most hospital management strategies for self-harm are associated with higher risk of death, especially psychiatric admission. Routine aspects of care can be helpful in addressing underlying issues contributing to self-harm.
A recent study proposes that sequestered prion protein may be involved in depression by modulating monoaminergic systems and causing desensitization of dopamine receptors. The research found increased levels of serotonin receptors and dopamine in mice lacking normal prions, leading to depressive-like behavior.
The Gemini Planet Imager has made its first exoplanet discovery, revealing a planet that may be the lowest-mass exoplanet ever directly imaged. Weighing twice as much as Jupiter, this finding provides insights into how our solar system was formed and paves the way for further research.
Researchers found that B cells enhance the secretion of allergy-driving IgE antibodies when exposed to non-allergenic compounds like PPE1. This discovery reveals a new mechanism for pollen allergy and offers new starting points for therapy development.
Researchers discovered unique 'graffiti' on a Chinese cave wall describing drought effects on the local population over 500 years. The inscriptions combined with chemical analysis of stalagmites paint a picture of how societies are affected by droughts over time, pointing to potentially greatly reduced rainfall in the region.
A recent NIH study found that restricting dietary fat led to a 68% higher rate of body fat loss compared to cutting the same number of carbohydrate calories. The researchers discovered that fat restriction resulted in a greater imbalance between consumed and burned fat, leading to more significant weight loss.
A new study projects an increase in deaths and emergency visits in Rhode Island due to rising summer temperatures. Even mild temperatures above 75 degrees are associated with a noticeable increase in medical distress among state residents.
A study by researchers at the University of Edinburgh found that smoking bans led to a 8% drop in stillbirths and newborn deaths in England, resulting in 1500 avoided deaths. The ban also reduced low birth weight cases by over 5000.
Individuals with sex development disorders face challenges forming positive relationships due to physical differences. Researchers suggest raising public awareness of the diverse nature of bodies and providing practical support mechanisms, such as private locker rooms and support groups.
A Kansas State University biochemist has modified a nonfood oilseed crop to produce high levels of lipids with unique properties. The researchers achieved very high levels of an oil with reduced viscosity and improved cold temperature characteristics, making it suitable for biofuels, industrial applications, and even food-related uses.
A Michigan State University study found that gang-related homicides spread in a systematic pattern, clustering in vulnerable areas like Newark, New Jersey. The researchers' analysis could help predict future hotspots of violent crime, informing prevention efforts and targeting resources to communities at risk.
The discovery sheds light on how the virus evolved and spread across West Africa, revealing that most cases are caused by spillover infections from wild rodents to humans.
Scientists have discovered a Jupiter-like planet in the young system 51 Eridani b, featuring the strongest atmospheric methane signal ever detected. The exoplanet's unique characteristics hint at its rapid formation process, offering insights into solar system evolution.
A new study reveals that infant marmosets develop vocalizations influenced by cues from caregivers, suggesting a potential key to understanding human-like vocal development in primates. The research found a strong correlation between parental responses and the timing of the cries-to-phees transition.
Researchers found a 24-hour day 'bicycle' mechanism turning key brain neurons on or off with sodium and potassium currents, awakening animals in the morning and putting them to sleep at night. This ancient mechanism is conserved across hundreds of millions of years of evolution and may lead to new drug targets for sleep-wake trouble.
Researchers found that women's brains respond more to romantic cues on a full stomach, suggesting eating may prime or sensitize young women to rewards beyond food. The study supports a shared neurocircuitry for food and sex.
A team of scientists at Scripps Research Institute has devised an improved method to engineer therapeutic proteins into antibodies, which can persist long enough to be useful. The technique mimics evolution and harnesses the power of large numbers to select rare junction segments that allow inserted proteins to fold and function normally.
Carnegie Mellon psychologists discover that more familiar chunks facilitate learning and reduce working memory consumption. This finding has implications for teaching methods and understanding children's working memory capabilities.
Scientists have identified a new species of pre-mammal, Ichibengops, which lived around 255 million years ago. The species features a unique groove above its teeth, potentially for transmitting venom.
A team of UCLA scientists discovers a Jupiter-like planet, 51 Eridani b, which orbits a nearby star at a distance similar to Saturn's orbit. The planet has the strongest concentration of methane ever detected on a planet outside the Milky Way and is roughly twice the mass of Jupiter.
Engineered nanoparticles from common products like paint and sunscreen can harm aquatic organisms when they settle in sediments. The review calls for further research into nanoparticle fate and toxicity in these ecosystems.
Researchers at Rice University and UTHealth aim to develop wireless implants that can help patients regain communication skills after speech impairments. The three-year project will analyze data from intracranial recordings in patients with epilepsy, with the ultimate goal of creating a prosthetic system to reconstruct speech.
Researchers argue that internal natural variability can overwhelm background warming, making temperature plateauing rates appear significant. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation and other factors contribute to these variations, which must be considered when developing climate change models.
Researchers discovered ants can detect subtle hydrocarbon components in body odor, allowing them to recognize individuals and distinguish between castes. This remarkable ability enables social insects to maintain complex colonies.
A new genomic catalog of nearly 200 viral genomes provides insight into the origins and transmission of Lassa virus. The data set confirms rodent-to-human transmission as the primary mode of infection.
A study by Kevin Hall found that restricting dietary fat leads to greater body fat loss than carb restriction, even though a low-carb diet increases fat burning. The research used controlled feeding studies and measured participants' food intake over two 2-week periods.
Research reveals that humans and animals host highly specialized microbial communities, differing from earlier assumptions of generalist dominance. These findings have significant implications for the structure of biodiversity in microbial ecosystems.
A study published in CHEST found that COPD patients with psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis are more likely to be readmitted early due to complications. These patients had a longer hospital stay and lower outpatient follow-up visits, indicating the need for additional guidance to reduce readmission rates.
Researchers found that bears' heart rates increase significantly when exposed to unmanned aerial vehicles, a sign of acute stress. Despite the calm behavior observed in encounters with UAVs, the physiological response is notable, with one bear's heart rate increasing by up to 400 percent.
Tropical Storm Molave was observed by NASA's Suomi NPP satellite on August 13, 2015, with a distinctive fan shape and strong winds near 40 knots. The storm was moving east-northeast at 15 knots and forecasters expect it to continue in that direction.
A research team at the John Innes Centre has identified and studied peas with mutations in genes coding for seed protease inhibitors, which can reduce protein availability by up to 10%. The study provides proof of principle for genetic approaches to improve crop traits, including the removal of allergenic proteins.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is assessing the safety and activity of a special cell therapy for individuals with complete cervical spinal cord injuries. The therapy uses oligodendrocyte progenitor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells to potentially improve motor or sensory function.
The newly discovered exoplanet, 51 Eridani b, is a young Jupiter-like planet with the strongest methane signature ever detected on an alien planet. Its mass and atmospheric composition suggest that it formed in a similar way to Jupiter in its infancy.
High participation in small church groups correlates with higher civic engagement rates among members unless overall group participation is high. In such cases, engaged small-group participants are less likely to donate to charities outside their congregation.
A new study finds that forecasters are perceived as more confident and trustworthy when predicting high probabilities, leading to more accurate judgments about the prediction. This has practical implications for information outlets, with consumers preferring higher predictions from news programs and websites.
Researchers found that smaller streams carry CO2 produced by plants on land, while larger streams emit more CO2 through respiration and natural decay. The study sheds light on the role of freshwater rivers in the global carbon cycle.
A Dartmouth study reveals that strong winds blowing off the Greenland Ice Sheet are eroding soil and vegetation in the surrounding tundra, making it less productive for grazing animals. The study found that wind-driven soil erosion is more widespread near the ice sheet but restricted to steep south-facing slopes farther away.
A new study reveals that 9- and 10-year-old children who are aerobically fit tend to have significantly thinner gray matter than their peers, associated with better mathematics performance. The study suggests cardiorespiratory fitness contributes to gray matter thinning, a normal process of child brain development.
A study by researchers at the University of Montreal found that people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tend to confuse reality with imagination, leading to a break from reality. This tendency is linked to increased OCD symptoms.
Researchers found that retrieving eggs from smaller follicles at an earlier stage in IVF improves embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rates. Granulosa cells' reduced ability to grow and multiply in older women's ovaries was linked to increased hormone sensitivity, leading to premature luteinisation.
Researchers identified a unique doorway in the blood vessel wall that allows breast cancer cells to spread to other parts of the body. The discovery could lead to new treatments and better predict whether breast cancer will spread.
A recent study published in the Journal of Marketing Research found that companies going public often adopt a more conservative approach to innovation, introducing fewer groundbreaking products. Despite this, they do innovate more and introduce a wider variety of products, such as new flavors or package sizes.
A new study by an international team of scientists found that competition from cats drove the extinction of many ancient dog species. The researchers analyzed over 2000 fossils and discovered that felids had a deadly impact on the diversity of the dog family, contributing to the demise of up to 40 species.
Scientists have developed a technique to estimate the age of fingerprints, which could help investigators determine relevance and exclude older prints. The method uses palmitic acid migration rate to predict fingerprint age, applying to prints up to four days old, with plans to expand that window.
A new study suggests that regular exercise may help reduce disease activity in children with multiple sclerosis. Children who engaged in strenuous physical activity had lower overall volume of lesions in the brain and fewer relapses compared to those who did not.
Scientists at the NIH discovered that PINK1 triggers an intricate process called mitophagy, which breaks down and removes damaged mitochondria from cells. This discovery suggests a new avenue for treating diseases like ALS and Parkinson's by boosting the disposal of damaged mitochondria.
A new partnership aims to reduce wildfire fighting costs by developing and testing UAS platforms for smoke plume sampling, early warning, and detection. The project will leverage DRI's expertise in climate, ecosystem, and fire applications, as well as NASA's research and industry connections.
A high-protein breakfast containing 35 grams of protein prevented gains of body fat and stabilized glucose levels among overweight teens who skipped breakfast. Eating a high-protein breakfast also led to reduced daily food intake and improved feelings of hunger.
Researchers found that community conversations, educational support, conditional economic incentives, and combined approaches can significantly delay child marriage. In Ethiopia, offering education to girls aged 12-14 reduced marriage likelihood by 94%, while providing chickens resulted in a 50% reduction for those aged 15-17.
A McMaster University hematologist has identified various limb loss syndromes, including symmetric peripheral gangrene and venous limb gangrene, which can be caused by septic shock, cancer, and blood clotting disorders. The treatment for these conditions involves the use of blood thinners and replacement of protective factors.
Experts argue that free internet access should be rolled out across NHS premises to enhance decision making and patient outcomes. However, others believe that diverting funds from front-line clinical services would be unethical and compromise patient care.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent that can detect small aggressive breast cancer tumors and micrometastases. The agent binds to molecular markers expressed in high-risk primary tumors and metastases, generating increased image contrast.
A recent US study found that fetal electrocardiogram ST segment analysis does not improve outcomes during labor and delivery or decrease cesarean deliveries compared to conventional fetal heart rate monitoring. The research involved 11,108 randomized patients and found no significant differences in negative outcomes.