Researchers have identified a protective mechanism for tail-anchored proteins, which are crucial for various cellular functions. The study reveals a dimeric structure of the transport molecule Get3 that shields these proteins from harmful aggregation and guides them to the correct membrane location.
A new study highlights nine key issues to consider when addressing the environmental impacts of rapid infrastructure expansion, including keeping wilderness areas road-free and engaging with local communities. The authors emphasize that the threat to wild places is exacerbated by illegal development activities.
A new instrument can rapidly analyze samples to determine how methane was formed, differentiating between microbial and thermogenic origins. The technique uses isotope ratios to identify clumpiness in methane molecules, revealing slower rates of production for cow-gut methane.
A team of astronomers has discovered a distant star exploding as a supernova, with four images captured by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The unique alignment is due to the powerful gravity of a foreground galaxy embedded in a massive cluster, providing a rare opportunity to study dark matter.
A team of scientists discovered that HuR protein is critical for controlling metabolism in B cells, which produce antibodies essential for fighting infections. Removing HuR prevents proper growth and function of B cells, highlighting the importance of this protein in immunity.
The Initiative on Women in Science and Engineering Working Group presents seven strategies to address gender imbalances in STEM fields, including financial support and education initiatives. The working group aims to elevate the entire field and ensure women have equal opportunities for career advancement.
A team of students and professors is launching rockets to develop technologies that can detect the missing normal matter in space. The project aims to confirm current models of the universe by observing the absorption caused by the intergalactic medium.
A new study suggests using a Long Distance Commuter lane (LDC) on the M1 Motorway in Australia could accommodate up to 3000 vehicles per hour while minimizing bottlenecks. The LDC concept has potential for commuter travel between other cities in Australia and worldwide.
A study published in JNCI found that most online cancer care websites offer nonstandard and unvalidated genetic tests, despite marketing them as personalized and effective. The vast majority of companies promoting these tests do not have evidence to support their clinical utility.
A new study reveals that female killifish avoid mating with males of closely related species and also tend to shun males of their own species if they come from an unfamiliar population. This phenomenon, called cascade reinforcement, can lead to the early stages of speciation.
Researchers discovered baby mantises deliberately create spin and harness it in mid-air to rotate their bodies for precise target landing. By controlling angular momentum, they achieve remarkable accuracy in a fraction of a second.
A study suggests that supervisors can distinguish between selfless and self-servingly motivated employees based on their organizational citizenship behavior. Selfless employees are more likely to contribute positively to the organization, while self-servingly motivated employees focus on personal advancement.
Researchers calculate tortuosity in Sierpinski carpet models using finite volume method, revealing a linear relationship between generations and tortuosity. This study enhances understanding of transport properties in porous media, crucial for various fields like oil recovery and groundwater engineering.
Research suggests that African American men with pre-diabetic blood sugar levels have fewer beneficial and more harmful intestinal bacteria. The study found that a specific microbiota is associated with stable, normal blood glucose levels, while a different profile is linked to pre-diabetes.
Researchers mapped the African continent using satellite data, discovering regions that have received drastically different amounts of rainfall over the past decade. The study found that areas such as the Congo, Nigeria, and Madagascar have become drier, while others like the Sahel zone have become greener due to increased rainfall.
Researchers found that dialysis patients have altered enzyme activities and compromised HDL function, which may lead to advances in protecting kidney disease patients' heart health. Heart disease is a leading cause of death in these patients.
A new study finds that female killer whales survive after menopause due to their ability to share 'ecological knowledge' with family members, particularly during hard times. This research provides insights into why women continue to live long after they can no longer have children.
A study found that pre-hospital delays for women with heart attacks were associated with a higher risk of dying. Women waited an average of one hour to call emergency services and over 70% took longer than an hour to get to a hospital equipped to treat them.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that low-dose VM202 gene therapy significantly improves pain symptoms and perception of light touch in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. The treatment has virtually no side effects, offering hope for a potential new treatment for this debilitating condition.
Researchers found that fast food companies fail to promote healthy menu items in their kid's ads, while prioritizing toy premiums. Children recalled toys more than 70% of the time, but noticed food less than half of the time.
A synthetic oxytocin nasal formulation reduced caloric intake in healthy men, lowering consumption of calories and fatty foods. Oxytocin also improved metabolic measures, such as insulin sensitivity.
A recent study found that individuals with high concentrations of methanobrevibacter smithii in their gut may experience lower weight loss after bariatric surgery. Researchers suggest that targeting this organism through dietary interventions or therapeutic drugs could improve post-surgical outcomes.
A BBC News team received the Endocrine Society's Award for Excellence in Science and Medical Journalism for their coverage of hormonal fluctuations at different times of day. The winning package, 'The Day of the Body Clock,' included TV, radio, and online coverage from May 13, 2014.
Obesity in seniors is associated with increased hospitalizations, emergency room admissions, and outpatient healthcare use. The most severely obese group had 3.4 times the odds of inpatient admission and 1.4 times the odds of ER visit compared to healthy-weight individuals.
A recent study by the University of Connecticut explores the potential of important fish species to adapt to a more acidic ocean due to climate change. The researchers found that related fish had similar lifespans, suggesting a significant genetic component to survival in an acidic environment.
The study found that school is now the main source of information for both young men and women, but many feel they are not getting all the information they need. Young people also expressed a demand for greater involvement of parents and health professionals in supplying sexual information.
Scientists at the University of Southampton found that ocean tides have increased by 1-2 mm per year globally, with some sites experiencing changes comparable to global mean sea level rise. This has significant implications for energy extraction, coastal flooding and erosion, navigation and sediment movement.
A £10 billion pay-for-performance incentive scheme for GPs had no effect on reducing premature deaths in England, according to a study published in the British Medical Journal. The researchers analyzed data from 2007 to 2012 and found that GP performance indicators did not correlate with lower mortality rates.
A conference at Bielefeld University's Center for Interdisciplinary Research examines the barriers to active fatherhood and opportunities for fathers to achieve it. The event brings together researchers from 12 nations to discuss inequalities and capabilities in work organizations.
Patients with multiple myeloma who are diagnosed with MGUS first have better overall survival compared to those without prior knowledge. However, the study also found that patients with low M-protein concentration at MGUS diagnosis have poorer MM survival rates.
Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers found four separate images of the same distant supernova, enabling them to measure the difference in light paths. This discovery helps refine estimates of dark matter and the expansion rate of the universe.
Tropical Cyclone 15S forms in Mozambique Channel, bringing heavy precipitation rates of over 30mm/hour. The storm is expected to meander and dissipate near Madagascar's coast.
A recent study published in SAGE Open suggests that poverty rates are a more significant factor than age in determining high rates of teen crime. The study analyzed over 54,000 homicide deaths in California and found that when teenagers' poverty levels are low, they have similar murder rates to older adults.
Research on mice by UC Riverside scientists reveals that genetically modified soybean oil is just as unhealthy as conventional soybean oil, inducing obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver. However, GM soybean oil does not cause insulin resistance, unlike regular soybean oil.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London and University of Hertfordshire re-evaluate data and find signal of GJ 581d to be real. The method used in the initial study was inadequate for detecting small planets, leading to a possible misidentification.
A new study by the Endocrine Society finds that accumulating just 30 minutes of sleep debt on weekdays can lead to significant effects on obesity and insulin resistance at follow-up. The research suggests that avoiding sleep debt could have positive benefits for waistlines and metabolism.
A recent study by Graduate Student Aubrey Hillman found that ancient copper and silver production in southwest China produced tremendous quantities of harmful heavy metals, including lead, silver, zinc, and cadmium. The pollution levels were three to four times higher than those generated by modern metallurgical methods.
A new clinical pathway has been shown to significantly reduce complications and improve growth in obese children who undergo weight-reducing procedures. According to the study, the procedure also led to improved management of life-threatening diseases such as diabetes, sleep apnea, and hypertension.
A physician who received an experimental Ebola vaccine after a needle stick injury developed mild symptoms but strong Ebola-specific immune responses. The study found the patient's clinical syndrome and laboratory evidence consistent with vaccination response, with no evidence of Ebola virus infection detected.
Research found that alcohol consumption patterns shift from adolescence to old age, with men increasing their intake more than women. The study suggests incorporating changes in drinking behavior into risk estimates for better public health initiatives.
A new study reveals that changes in the gut microbiota occur early in diabetes development, with beneficial bacteria more prevalent in those maintaining stable blood sugar control. The research suggests a link between gut bacteria and metabolic health, potentially informing strategies to prevent or manage Type 2 diabetes.
A new study estimates that endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the European Union costs around €157 billion ($209 billion) each year, mainly due to lost productivity and healthcare expenses. The estimated cost burden includes conditions such as lowered IQ, male infertility, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered a new biological pathway that connects anxiety and obesity, leading to the discovery of a potentially therapeutic drug. The study suggests that inhibiting an enzyme called PTP1B may alleviate both anxiety disorders and obesity.
Research found that exposure to phthalates early in pregnancy disrupts essential pregnancy hormone levels, leading to adverse effects on male genital development. Higher phthalate levels were linked to lower hCG levels and shorter anogenital distance in male babies.
Yale University scientists create a new system that combines photons and phonons to conduct sophisticated signal processing tasks, allowing for faster and more efficient information control. The technology has the potential to be less expensive and adaptable to various complex designs.
A molecule found in some plants, 7,8-DHF, has been shown to mimic the effects of a growth factor induced by exercise in female mice. It increases energy expenditure without suppressing appetite, helping them maintain a healthy weight on a high-fat diet. In contrast, male mice still develop obesity and diabetes.
A new sequencing technology called Mseek provides a deeper understanding of how genes in mitochondria influence inherited diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. By accurately identifying heteroplasmy in mtDNA, researchers can better explain individual risks and potentially develop new therapeutic targets.
Researchers at the University of Alberta and University of Manitoba identified a link between infant gut bacteria and future food sensitization. The study found that infants with fewer diverse gut bacteria at three months old were more likely to develop food allergies by one year old.
Researchers discover cannabinoid CB2 agonist AM1710 suppresses chemotherapy-induced pain in mice without tolerance or withdrawal symptoms. The therapeutic effect of AM1710 is preserved even after repeated dosing and blocking CB1 receptors produces no signs of withdrawal.
A global review found family-based programs can effectively stop children from taking up smoking, with high-intensity interventions showing the most promising results. The programs encourage parents to set limits, strengthen nurturing skills, and discuss substances with their adolescents, helping them resist peer pressure.
Scientists have devised a combination of new experiments and better theoretical modeling to settle the dispute between experimental and theoretical scientists. The new results are consistent with the hypothesis that microbial nanowires possess metallic-like conductivity, contrary to previous models.
A study by Luxi Shen and colleagues found that uncertainty motivates people to put in more effort to obtain uncertain rewards. In experiments, consumers completed tasks for lower potential rewards when the outcome was uncertain, highlighting the motivating-uncertainty effect.
Researchers at the University of Houston found a link between flame retardants and obesity in zebrafish exposed to compounds, suggesting these chemicals may contribute to weight gain. The study used zebrafish as a model organism to investigate the effects of two common flame retardants on body mass.
Adults with eczema experience significantly increased healthcare utilization and costs, with estimated annual out-of-pocket costs of $37.7 billion. Eczema patients also face challenges in accessing care, including delayed appointments and unaffordable prescription medications.
Researchers found that employees do not disinvest in their company's stock even when the company is failing, resulting in average losses of nearly $30 million. Employees should diversify their retirement plans to avoid significant financial losses.
Quantum physicists at the University of California - Santa Barbara have developed a quantum circuitry system that self-checks for errors and suppresses them, preserving qubits' state(s) and imbuing the system with reliability. The system uses the surface code scheme to detect errors based on parity information.
A study has quantified the average number of heart failure-free years a person gains by not developing risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes by age 45. The results show that individuals with all three risk factors are diagnosed with heart failure an average of 11 to 13 years earlier than those without any risk factors.
A randomized trial found that patients taking omega-3 fatty acid supplements showed improvements in heart function and had less fibrosis compared to those taking a placebo. Patients who experienced a 5% increase in omega-3 levels in their blood derived the most benefit.
A 20-year study found that improved air quality in Southern California led to significant gains in lung function development among millennial children. Lung growth accelerated as air pollution declined, resulting in lower rates of abnormally low lung function and reduced risks of respiratory disease.
Researchers found that low stress resilience in adolescence increases heart disease risk, even with good physical fitness. The study of 237,980 men suggests that promoting both exercise and stress management could help prevent heart disease.