A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that nearly half of energy drink advertisements aired on networks with themes likely to appeal to adolescents. The study highlights the potential dangers of energy drink consumption among teenagers, particularly due to high caffeine content.
Researchers found that M-MDSCs can inhibit both T cell and B cell proliferation, leading to improved symptoms in arthritic mice. The study suggests a potential role for M-MDSCs in treating autoimmune diseases like arthritis.
A team of researchers from the Karolinska Institute has developed a fully validated and robust screening method for detecting drugs of abuse in exhaled breath using LC-MS. The method is donor-friendly, convenient, and highly sensitive, enabling detection of amphetamines, methamphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, and heroin.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine shed new light on tumor metastasis, proposing a hypothesis that reversible epigenetic events regulate different types of metastatic cancers. Epigenetics enables cancer progenitor cells to differentiate into metastatic tumors.
Oncologists welcome gene expression profiling tests as an added tool in deciding whether women with early-stage breast cancer should have chemotherapy. However, they have significant reservations about the cost of the test and whether it is being overused and used for the right patients.
Scientists at UTHealth received grants to identify new compounds that may treat lethal cancers by targeting K-Ras protein mutations. The research aims to develop anti-KRas drugs to improve treatment outcomes for millions suffering from these cancers.
Researchers found sap-feeding butterflies have proboscis conformations closely resembling the Golden Ratio, suggesting a connection between feeding habits and substrate type. The study suggests this discovery can be used to predict the feeding habits of unstudied lepidopteran species.
The UK needs to invest in science and engineering research to sustain its knowledge economy and drive economic growth. The country's engineering-related sectors contribute £280 billion to GDP, creating jobs and exporting goods worth £239 billion.
A recent study by McGill University researchers has found that ubiquinone, a widely believed antioxidant, is unlikely to provide benefits for cell protection. The study used mice with controlled ubiquinone biosynthesis levels and discovered no signs of oxidative damage despite the loss of the substance.
Researchers at IUPUI are conducting a study on how alcohol affects the brain's reward system, using a unique blend of mathematical modeling and experimental neuroscience. The goal is to gain a better understanding of how alcohol hijacks dopamine release, a key factor in addiction.
A systematic review of studies on racial/ethnic variations in overuse of health care found that a substantial proportion (43%) suggests white patients receive excessive testing and treatment. Researchers emphasize the need for carefully designed interventions to minimize unintended consequences.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that abaloparatide reduces the rate of new spinal fractures by 86 percent and also significantly lowers the fracture rate at other parts of the body. The treatment also delays the time to the first nonvertebral fracture and increases bone mineral density.
Researchers discovered differences in brain regions associated with trust, particularly the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala. These findings have implications for future treatments of psychological conditions like autism.
A new study found that onion extract can strongly lower high blood glucose levels and total cholesterol in diabetic rats when given with the antidiabetic drug metformin. The extract also showed potential for use in treating patients with diabetes.
Research suggests that obese females with high disinhibition scores have impaired metabolism and poorer outcomes due to poor insulin signaling. These women require weight loss treatment more urgently than those with low disinhibition scores.
A University at Buffalo study suggests that people who grew up in cold and neglectful family environments may have a foggier sense of self, despite high self-esteem. Adults with low self-esteem from similar backgrounds surprisingly have relatively high self-clarity, according to the research.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a new type of vaccine that prevents both active and latent infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The vaccine, dubbed "delta-gD-2," provides complete protection against subsequent infection in mice, suggesting it could be effective in humans.
A study of 200 adult men with borderline testosterone levels found that 56% had significant depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for clinicians to manage comorbidities like depression and obesity in this population. The researchers also noted a high prevalence of overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity among participants.
Researchers have successfully imaged the formation and growth of lithium dendrites, which can cause battery degradation. The team's microscopy technique allows for real-time analysis and precise measurements of electrochemical performance.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Technology Manufacturing and Advanced Materials Center (TMAC) has received a $6.7 million federal award to support small and mid-sized manufacturers in the state. The funding will be matched with customer fees to provide services such as network of field engineers, consultants, and experts.
Scientists observe blue crabs, commercially important species, in the Gulf of Maine, north of their native Cape Cod. Warming ocean temperatures allow them to move further north, expanding their range.
A new study suggests that mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can decrease fasting glucose levels and improve quality of life in overweight and obese women. MBSR significantly reduces perceived stress and improves sleep, depression, anxiety, and psychological distress without changing body weight or insulin resistance.
A new review of medical literature found no link between menopausal hormone therapy and increased mortality risk. The study included 43 studies with moderate to high-quality evidence and covered over three decades.
A recent study found that quitting smoking has favorable metabolic effects, with reduced central fat distribution and improved hepatic glucose output. The study also showed a correlation between weight loss and increased glucose uptake and utilization of carbohydrate substrates.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have created a new technique to make coatings that can conduct electricity or convert it into hydrogen fuels, using a consumer-grade heat lamp.
A five-year clinical trial will examine two treatments for acute low back pain, aiming to prevent chronic conditions. BMC researchers will recruit 2,640 patients to test the efficacy of early physical therapy with cognitive behavioral coaching.
A new study found that high maternal thyroid hormone levels during early pregnancy can significantly lower a child's IQ later in childhood. Researchers evaluated data from 3,839 mother-child pairs and discovered a U-shaped relationship between TSH levels and child IQ, with both low and high levels associated with lower IQ scores.
Tropical Cyclone 15S is expected to make landfall in west central Madagascar's Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve. The storm is currently meandering in the Mozambique Channel, but forecasters predict a southwesterly direction and landfall by March 9.
A new study found that monitoring calcitriol levels can predict cardiovascular death in chronic heart failure patients. The ratio of calcitriol to parathyroid hormone was also strongly related to heart failure severity and mortality.
Astronomers spotted a distant supernova split into four images due to the gravity of a massive elliptical galaxy embedded in a cluster. The unique observation will help refine dark matter estimates and study the mass of the lensing galaxy and cluster.
Researchers identified over 100 biologically important areas (BIAs) in U.S. waters to inform conservation and management decisions for whales, dolphins, and porpoises. BIAs cover 24 species, stocks, or populations in seven regions and include reproductive, feeding, migratory, and population-concentrated areas.
A new study found that gastric bypass surgery in adolescents significantly improved bone density, which returned to normal levels within two years. The results suggest that obesity surgery may have favorable effects on the adolescent skeleton.
A workplace lifestyle intervention program developed by the University of Pittsburgh significantly reduces risk factors for diabetes and heart disease. Participants lost an average of 5% of their body weight and increased physical activity, with 96% saying it was beneficial to offer the program.
Researchers found that zebrafish larvae with a mutation unable to produce melatonin slept half as long as normal fish. When the mutation was 'cured' by killing pineal gland cells, the fish returned to a normal sleep pattern. The study suggests naturally occurring melatonin plays an important role in regulating sleep.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have determined the physical process dominating heat flow between metals and diamond, challenging previous theories. By applying extreme pressure to metal films on diamond, researchers found that phonons can 'feed' a higher frequency diamond phonon, regardless of metal stiffness.
Researchers study directional solidification in transparent alloys to understand microstructure formations, which affect material properties. They found cells and dendrites exhibit surprising behaviors, like oscillations, that can impact material performance.
A new study by Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai Roosevelt found that having a high sense of purpose in life is associated with a 23% reduced risk of death from all causes and a 19% lower risk of heart attack, stroke, or coronary artery bypass surgery. Developing a sense of purpose could protect heart health.
A new study by Battelle Technology Partnership Practice found that R&D programs at NIH, NSF, DOE, and NIST generated significant patents and drove downstream R&D activity. The NIH produced the most patents per dollar spent, with its NIBIB institute being a top producer.
The NIH-led ASCEND study assesses the effectiveness of primary care physicians and nurse practitioners in treating people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The trial aims to determine whether these medications are similarly effective when administered in an urban, community-based setting.
Researchers at EPFL have demonstrated that graphene exhibits quasi-lossless heat transfer, allowing it to propagate heat without significant losses even at room temperature. This discovery has valuable implications for the design of future electronic components.
A new study suggests that maternal age at childbirth may affect glucose metabolism in adult male children. Research found that sons of mothers under 25 or over 34 years old were more insulin resistant and had higher fasting blood sugar levels compared to those whose mothers gave birth between 30 and 34 years old.
A new study shows that letrozole at a low dose can normalize testosterone levels and sperm production in obese men with infertility. The treatment led to successful pregnancies and births in three couples, offering a promising new hope for male infertility treatments.
The American Society of Hematology proposes a new role for hematologists in a rapidly changing US healthcare system. The 'systems-based' clinical hematologist model offers a sustainable approach to recruit and retain talent in the field.
A Norwegian Institute of Public Health study finds that maternal levels of DDE associated with rapid infant growth, while PCB153 in milk linked to decreased growth. The study highlights the need to reduce environmental pollutants to protect children's development.
Researchers found that young tropical forests experienced significant declines in manakin survival during dry weather associated with El Niño events. In contrast, mature forests showed stable survival rates regardless of climatic shifts, suggesting a constant abundance of fruit resources.
Children under five in sub-Saharan Africa are at higher risk of developing schistosomiasis due to increased exposure to contaminated water, a study suggests. The research highlights the need for mass administration of anti-parasite medication to include preschool-age children in treatment programs.
Researchers found that infants with a rare form of leukemia have surprisingly few genetic alterations beyond the MLL gene chromosomal rearrangement, suggesting targeting this abnormal protein may improve survival rates. The study also highlights the need for personalized treatments in pediatric cancer.
A study by AIBS found that 35% of conflicts were self-reported by review panel members, while 65% were identified by panel managers. The researchers suggest improving COI reporting and detection methods to maintain high ethical standards.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery patients with high methane and hydrogen levels in their breath had a lower percentage weight loss compared to others. The study suggests that an overgrowth of certain gut microbes may alter metabolism, making it harder to lose weight after surgery.
Researchers have found that the receptor TLR4 and protein galectin-3 are crucial in amplifying brain inflammation. Galectin-3 is secreted by microglial cells and binds to TLR4, intensifying the inflammatory response.
A new study presents evidence that brief exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in infancy can lead to fatty liver disease in adulthood. The researchers found that bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin caused liver damage consistent with human nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, and altered gene expression patterns that may drive obesity.
A research team at KAIST used metabolite structural similarity to elucidate the mechanisms of action of traditional oriental medicine. The study found that TOM compounds interact with diverse metabolic pathways, showing strong efficacy for treating complex diseases.
A study published in LGBT Health found that transgender veterans are at higher risk of developing breast cancer, with ten new cases identified. The study also highlights the importance of sensitively discussing screening methods with transgender individuals, regardless of hormone use.
Research finds that excess sitting is associated with coronary artery calcification, an early indicator of heart problems. Reducing sedentary time by just one hour per day could have a significant positive impact on future cardiovascular health.
A large study found that male smokers are more likely to develop osteoporosis and vertebral fractures compared to female smokers. Current guidelines do not recommend osteoporosis screening for men, but the researchers suggest that smokers of both genders should be screened for low bone density.
New research suggests that day-to-day variations in sleep duration, rather than overall sleep duration, can impact food intake in teenagers. The study found that teens who slept more or less on any given night consumed an average of 201 more calories per day, with higher rates of nighttime snacking and increased carbohydrate consumption.
A new study finds that nutrient pollution reduces the availability of forest-derived carbon in stream ecosystems, cutting its energy source for aquatic life. This loss accelerates the breakdown of leaf litter, affecting the entire food web.
Researchers discovered that Oct4 gene alleles pair up at critical moment of embryonic stem cell differentiation, a process called tissue-specific cell development. This phenomenon supports the notion that allele pairing plays a role in regulating gene expression.
Patients with moderate to severe depression who took antidepressants alone had a 53% lower risk of dying, developing coronary artery disease or having a stroke during the three-year follow-up period. Antidepressants were shown to significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in this group, even when statins were not used.
Researchers found that underwater noise from melting glaciers exceeds ocean noise levels generated by all other sources. The loud sounds are short-lived, but consistent melting of ice creates a persistent noise generator. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between underwater noise levels and the fjord ecosystem.