Researchers found that a viral co-infection with Epstein-Barr virus can suppress the immune response to malaria in mice, leading to severe anemia. The study suggests that similar effects may occur in humans, particularly young children living in malaria-endemic areas.
Researchers found that afternoon snacking on high-protein-soy foods reduces afternoon appetite, delays subsequent eating, and reduces unhealthy evening snacking in teenagers. Additionally, high-protein snacks improved mood and cognitive function, incorporating more protein throughout the day and consuming less dietary fat.
A landmark report outlines seven projects to address global food security's complex ethical issues, including redefining farming as a service-oriented profession and developing climate-smart agriculture. The '7 by 5 Agenda' aims to make progress on divisive issues in the next five years.
A renowned researcher has been awarded a $4.9 million grant to advance her work on retinitis pigmentosa, a degenerative retinal disease affecting 150,000 individuals nationally. The grant will support stem cell therapy aiming to delay the progression of the disease and preserve vision.
Researchers developed a model to assess how dams affect sea-run fish populations, finding that abundance and distribution increased when mainstem dams were removed or passage efficiency improved. The model can predict ecological responses of fish populations and evaluate management actions for fish migrating between fresh and saltwater.
A risk prediction model has been developed to identify patients with hepatitis C who have the most urgent need for new anti-viral drugs. The model uses routine lab values and machine-learning methods to predict health outcomes, allowing doctors to target treatment to those with high risk of complications.
A study published in Journal of Pediatric Surgery highlights the risks of dog bites, particularly from family dogs. The research found that over 50% of dog bite injuries treated at a children's hospital came from immediate family members.
A new study in Addiction journal challenges previous reports on aldehyde content of third generation e-cigarettes. It found that only under 'dry puff' conditions can e-cigarettes produce high levels of aldehydes, which vapers avoid due to unpleasant sensory effects.
Researchers at Georgia State University found that an existing anti-stroke drug, Vinpocetine, is effective in suppressing mucus overproduction and improving bacterial clearance in animal studies. The study could lead to a novel, non-antibiotic treatment for otitis media, potentially reducing hearing loss and enhancing host defense.
The Tara Oceans expedition has cataloged over 35,000 planktonic samples from 210 stations worldwide, uncovering a vast reservoir of uncharted genetic diversity in marine plankton communities. Ocean temperatures appear to be the main factor driving plankton community makeup.
Switching to natural gas trucks could worsen climate impacts if not done efficiently, a study suggests. Methane emissions from the supply chain and engine inefficiencies pose significant challenges.
Researchers found that coral adaptation to high salinity levels in the southern Persian/Arabian Gulf may prevent them from escaping their fate through global warming. Corals lose their exceptional heat stress tolerance when adapting to normal salinity levels.
Researchers have identified a molecule, PMEPA1, that promotes metastasis of advanced prostate cancer to the bone, which can lead to incurable conditions. The discovery may offer new targets for diagnosing and treating prostate cancer.
Scientists have created a light-emitting, transparent and flexible paper out of biocompatible materials, a significant step towards bendable electronics. The innovation uses wood flour and quantum dots made from zinc and selenium, offering a 'greener' alternative to traditional plastics.
Researchers have identified a relatively simple molecule called methyl laurate that regulates complex mating behavior in vinegar flies. Methyl laurate is detected by specific neurons and triggers courtship behavior in males, while also activating circuits involved in aggregation.
A phase 3 international trial found that ipilimumab improved recurrence-free survival in advanced stage melanoma patients who underwent surgical resection. The study showed that patients with microscopic metastatic disease responded best to ipilimumab treatment.
A team of astronomers witnessed a supernova smashing into a nearby star, creating an ultraviolet glow that reveals the size of the companion. The study provides new insights into the origin of type Ia supernovae.
A team of Caltech astronomers detected a Type Ia supernova in nearby galaxy IC831, providing evidence for the single-degenerate model. The data suggest that the white dwarf's powerful gravity pulls material from the companion star, leading to a runaway nuclear reaction.
Engineers at Virginia Tech have created a novel dynamic sonar system inspired by horseshoe bats that can navigate complex environments with ease. The system uses two receiving channels and one emitting channel to replicate the key motions in the bat's ears and nose, reducing power consumption and computing resources.
A new tool called Kahawai reduces data usage while delivering graphics and gameplay similar to conventional cloud-gaming setups. The approach uses collaborative rendering to lighten the load, allowing mobile devices to generate rough sketches of frames while remote servers fill in the gaps.
A Drexel University team conducted a mobile air quality monitoring campaign to assess the impact of natural gas extraction on air quality in the Marcellus Shale region. The study found relatively small increases in air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic chemicals, with elevated ultrafine particles from compressor s...
Eight young protein scientists have been selected for the inaugural Hans Neurath Outstanding Promise Travel Awards, sponsored by the Hans Neurath Foundation. The winners will present their research at the 29th Annual Symposium of the Protein Society in Barcelona, Spain, and receive $1,500 in travel award funds and other recognition.
Researchers at USC have developed a portable device to measure a tumor's squishiness, which may help personalize cancer care. The device uses fiber optics and can accurately quantify the Young's modulus of various materials without damaging them.
The University of Georgia has developed a new, affordable way to create nanofibers by using magnetospinning. This process allows the production of high-quality nanofibers with various materials embedded within them, such as live cells, drugs, and proteins.
A national survey found that only one in ten Australians report being told about the risk of overdiagnosis by their doctors, while over 90% believe people should be informed. Overdiagnosis occurs when someone is diagnosed with a disease that will never cause harm due to unnecessary labelling and treatment.
A recent study found that one in four men over 50 will break a bone due to osteoporosis, surpassing prostate cancer incidence rates. The research suggests adding men to osteoporosis screening guidelines to address the high likelihood of vertebral fractures and low bone density.
Duke University researchers identified physiological changes affecting patients with acute kidney injury during sepsis treatment, potentially improving patient survival rates after kidney failure. The study showed that kidney function is a critical determinant of how patients respond to treatment.
The team discovered supernova iPTF 14atg using an automated software system that separates real astronomical transients from false detections. The system uses machine learning technology to identify events of astrophysical origin.
Dead dolphins found with lung and adrenal lesions consistent with petroleum product exposure, supporting previous health assessments of live dolphins in Barataria Bay. The study suggests that contaminants from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill contributed to the high number of dolphin deaths in the affected area.
Women who participate in clinical trials are more likely to experience positive emotions and fewer negative emotions than those who do not. The study suggests that recruiters should disclose the potential for regret and other negative feelings when participants opt out, to increase enrollment.
Researchers at UGA developed a way to predict which rodent species are most likely to be sources of new disease outbreaks in humans. By analyzing over 2,000 rodent species and their associated pathogens, they identified potential future hot spots for infectious diseases.
Research suggests that prolonged paracetamol use during pregnancy may reduce testosterone production in unborn baby boys, potentially linked to reproductive health problems later in life. The study found a 45% decrease in testosterone levels after seven days of exposure.
Researchers at the University of Iowa found no benefit from bone marrow transplantation in mice models of Rett syndrome, contradicting earlier findings. The study suggests that the initial results were due to factors other than those considered in the new experiment.
Researchers will use lab-equipped aircraft, ground-based instruments, and weather balloons to understand nighttime storm formation and evolution. The goal is to improve forecasts of damaging storms and provide insights into atmospheric conditions that lead to storm clustering and organization.
Researchers found that male Java sparrows synchronize their bill-clicking sounds with the melody of their song, similar to human percussionists. This behavior suggests that birds may have an innate ability to produce and coordinate non-vocal sounds with vocalizations.
Researchers from the University of Bristol have developed a new technique to estimate and cancel out interference in radio transmission, allowing for full-duplex communication on a single channel. This innovation has the potential to double Wi-Fi capacity and increase data rates in cellular systems.
Women who were having sons were more likely to develop gestational diabetes than women who were pregnant with daughters. Women who developed gestational diabetes while pregnant with daughters were at higher risk of being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes after pregnancy.
Researchers from Duke University and Mayo Clinic analyzed data from the ARISTOTLE trial to explore COPD's connection to stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. They found that COPD was associated with increased mortality, particularly cardiovascular death, but not an increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism.
A study published in Chemical Communications suggests that a natural plant chemical called trans-chalcone can help prevent tooth decay. By blocking the action of an enzyme that allows bacteria to thrive, researchers found that trans-chalcone prevents the formation of plaque and biofilms around teeth.
A new study shows that Colorado's extreme precipitation events can happen in any season and at all elevations across the state. The research found that high-elevation intense precipitation events have occurred in all months of the year, including summer, when that precipitation is more likely to be rain and therefore more of a flood risk.
The harlequin ladybird's arrival in Britain has led to declines in seven native ladybird species due to its predatory behavior. Research on the invasive species has provided new insights into biological invasions and their impact on ecosystems.
Weizmann Institute researchers resolved the debate on lymphatic system origins, discovering that lymphatic cells grow from a niche within embryonic veins. They also identified a key gene, WNT5B, which prompts stem cells to differentiate into lymphatic cells.
The discovery of stone tools in northwestern Kenya pushes the known date back by 700,000 years and may challenge the notion that modern humans' ancestors were the first to create such tools. The tools suggest an earlier group of proto-humans may have had the thinking abilities needed to figure out how to make sharp-edged tools.
A team of astronomers discovered a spiral galaxy devouring a nearby compact dwarf galaxy and found remnants of previous galactic snacks. The study used ground and space-based telescopes to measure chemical enrichment in the gas across the entire face of NGC 1512.
By pairing graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, researchers can control light waves and create unique optical materials. This enables the development of tiny optical waveguides and new applications in infrared spectroscopy and imaging devices.
A new report suggests that gun violence restraining orders can be a promising strategy for reducing firearm homicide and suicide in the US. GVROs allow family members or intimate partners to request an order from a civil court, authorizing law enforcement to remove guns from the individual's possession and prohibiting new purchases.
An international study analyzing over 74 million deaths in 384 locations across 13 countries found that cold weather was responsible for the majority of temperature-related deaths, with most caused by moderately cold temperatures. Deaths due to non-optimal temperatures accounted for around 7.71% of all deaths.
Researchers at Temple University and the University of Maryland have discovered a new class of non-Joulian magnets that expand their volume when placed in a magnetic field. These magnets can generate negligible amounts of wasteful heat during energy harvesting, making them ideal for creating compact omnidirectional actuators.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a biomarker that may boost the response to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer. The study found that miR-506 was associated with improved responses to chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and olaparib, leading to better overall survival.
Researchers found that octopus skin can sense light changes without central nervous system input, using the same opsin proteins as its eyes. This allows for a response to brightness and color, enabling camouflage and communication. The discovery has implications for understanding cephalopod behavior and evolution.
A large study found that people with depression are more likely to develop Parkinson's disease, with a threefold increased risk within the first year. The link between depression and Parkinson's disease holds true even after adjusting for other related conditions.
A new study shows that personalized music playlists with tempo-pace synchronization can significantly increase exercise adherence in cardiac rehabilitation patients, with an average of 105.4 minutes more exercise per week. This approach has the potential to improve long-term survival and life expectancy for these patients.
A study found that a common mutation in the SCARB1 gene is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, especially among men and African Americans. The mutation was linked to a 49% higher risk of heart disease in African American males compared to white males.
A meta-analysis of 38 studies found that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) treatment for COPD may lower the risk of dying from pneumonia and other causes. The treatment also appears to decrease mortality risk when confounding factors are adjusted for.
The researcher will lead a collaboration to develop nanotechnology-based therapeutic platforms that can treat biofilm infection in chronic wounds. The goal is to create minimally invasive treatments with fast recovery times and fewer side effects.
Research highlights a disparity in cardiovascular disease risk between black and white women, particularly among those with metabolic abnormalities. Black women with two or three metabolic issues have nearly double the cardiovascular event rate as normal-weight black women without these disorders.
A statistical study of first-year college rape found that 18.6% of freshmen women experienced completed or attempted rape, with a significant increase in risk among women who had previously been victimized. The study emphasizes the need for colleges to develop effective prevention and counseling programs.
Scientists used NASA's ISS-RapidScat to measure the winds of Tropical Storm Ana in May 2015. The instrument provided accurate data on wind speed and direction near the ocean surface.
Researchers at SISSA have developed a novel method to analyze the structure of biological proteins immersed in their physiological context. This technique allows for excellent spatial resolution and study of molecules in their natural environment, providing new insights into the opening/closing mechanism of major ion channels. The stud...
The University of Georgia's Michael Doyle emphasizes the importance of clinicians educating patients on food safety practices to prevent illnesses. The US is facing challenges such as an aging population and imported foods from other countries that may not adhere to sanitary standards, making prevention crucial.