A new clinical model proposes addressing trauma to improve patient health outcomes, with four components: environment, screening, response, and foundation. The model aims to create a trauma-informed environment that promotes safety, reliability, trust, and empathy.
Physicists at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have developed a new Ytterbium:Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet (Yb:YAG) disk laser, which produces pulses lasting 7.7 femtoseconds and enables the study of ultrafast physical processes on attosecond timescales.
A three-year study will enroll 2,000 adults aged 65+ who've had a fall-related fracture to assess the effectiveness of an exercise program integrating strength training, balance exercises, and walking with coaching. The study aims to reduce the risk of falls and fractures among seniors by addressing barriers to exercise
Researchers at the University of Oregon have found that water plays a key role in forming magma and producing explosive volcanoes in the Cascade Range. The discovery, driven by computer modeling and data from olivine-rich basalt samples, helps solve a puzzle about plate tectonics and the Earth's deep water cycle.
A new species of diving beetle, Capelatus prykei, has been identified in the Noordhoek Wetlands near Cape Town. The beetle is highly distinctive and has no direct relatives, with its closest connections found around the Mediterranean and New Guinea. Its unique genetic makeup suggests it is critically endangered due to isolation.
Treatment at comprehensive stroke centers is associated with a 7% reduced risk of death for all hemorrhagic strokes and a 27% reduced risk for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patients transferred within 24 hours to these centers have a 36% lower mortality rate compared to those remaining in primary care centers or non-stroke centers.
Researchers discovered that lipids in chocolate products move through pores and cracks, softening and dissolving solid cocoa butter into liquid form. By reducing pore number and liquid cocoa butter content, chocolatiers can minimize the formation of blooming coatings.
A recent study found that losses had a measured impact two to three times greater than gains on behavior, leading researchers to suggest using negative feedback as an effective teaching strategy. This approach may help students avoid making the same mistake again and could provide insights into learning behaviors.
Tel Aviv University researchers have engineered membranes that can crystallize at a specific time, revolutionizing drug delivery. The breakthrough enables the precise and effective release of drugs at targeted biological locations in the body.
Researchers at Hamburg University of Technology, DESY, and Nestle found that reducing porosity, storing products at ideal temperatures, and controlling crystallization can help minimize fat bloom. This study provides new insights into the formation of fat bloom, an issue affecting millions in the food industry.
Scientists have developed a simple thermometer-like device to detect troponin levels in blood, which can help diagnose heart attacks. The device uses nanoparticles, ink, and a glass vial to measure the protein's concentration, making it accessible for point-of-care use in low-income areas.
Following a healthy lifestyle, including diet and physical activity guidelines, is associated with improved survival when diagnosed with bowel cancer. A large study of over 500,000 participants found that men with a high lifestyle score had a lower risk of mortality, while women who breastfed also showed increased survival.
Researchers solved the structure of Ebola virus nucleoprotein core domain to 1.8 Å resolution, revealing RNA binding groove similarities with other viral NPs. The findings provide valuable insights into EBOV genome assembly and transcription mechanism, as well as potential antiviral therapies targeting RNP formation.
The Department of Energy's Office of Science has selected 44 early-career researchers to receive significant funding for research, bolstering the nation's scientific workforce. The program provides support to talented researchers during their formative years.
A new study suggests that dopamine contributes to chronic pain states by targeting A11 neurons. Removing these neurons can selectively diminish chronic pain in mice. The findings offer potential clues for developing new treatments for chronic pain.
A new mobile phone microscope, called CellScope Loa, uses video and automation to detect and quantify infection by parasitic worms in a drop of blood. The device is as accurate as conventional screening methods and can provide critical information for health providers in the field.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new method for making tiny silicone microspheres, which could enable targeted drug delivery and improved medical imaging. The breakthrough uses technology found in household humidifiers to create ultrafine droplets that solidify into small spheres.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have been awarded a $2.4 million grant to expand development of new pain medications that utilize the same biological target as morphine but with fewer side effects. These new compounds aim to reduce respiratory suppression and persistent constipation associated with current opioid drugs.
A RAND Corporation study found that 22.8 million Americans became newly insured and 5.9 million lost coverage between September 2013 and February 2015. The largest gain in coverage came from employer-sponsored health plans, with 9.6 million new enrollments.
Tropical Depression 93W formed on May 6, 2015, about 155 miles south-southeast of Pohnpei Island. The storm has maximum sustained surface winds estimated at 17-22 knots (19.5-25 mph) and a high likelihood of transitioning to a typhoon within the next six to twenty-four hours.
Researchers have discovered an intricate dance of protein motion, where temperature sets the tempo, allowing for a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms and potential treatments. This new knowledge could lead to breakthroughs in disease cures and compound production.
A new study at Ohio State University has identified Foxo1 as a negative regulator of natural killer cell maturation and homing behavior. The findings suggest that reducing Foxo1 expression can enhance NK-cell maturation, providing an opportunity to boost cancer and viral immunity.
The McGill team has devised a method to create longer DNA strands, including custom-designed sequence patterns, using an enzyme called ligase and polymerase. This approach produces large amounts of these longer strands in just a few hours, making the process potentially more economical and commercially viable than existing techniques.
A new mathematical tool calculates turbulent air flow produced by plane wing tips, aiding in improved takeoff procedures and reduced delays. The study aims to establish strict separation standards for different aircraft sizes, enhancing aviation safety.
A study published in Health Affairs found that customers buying health insurance on California's state exchange had less access to hospitals than those on commercial plans. However, the quality of hospitals in exchange networks was comparable or better than those in commercial networks.
Researchers analyzed metabolites in the blood of children undergoing heart surgery for congenital heart disease and found a link between certain molecules and clinical outcome. The presence of ketone bodies correlated with better outcomes, while other metabolites such as citrate, lactate, and alanine were associated with poorer outcomes.
Researchers identify Enterococcus faecalis as primary microbial culprit behind post-surgical colon leaks. The bacteria degrades intestinal connective tissues and activates enzymes that cause small holes in the intestine during healing, leading to leaks. Identifying E. faecalis could lead to more effective ways to reduce leak rates.
Researchers have identified a mechanism by which stem cells choose to become specific cell types, such as liver and pancreas cells. This discovery could lead to better understanding of how to generate insulin-producing cells in the lab for Type I diabetes therapy.
A recent QUT study suggests that excessive mandatory napping in childcare settings is associated with reduced nighttime sleep duration. The research found that children who received over an hour of mandatory naptime had, on average, 24 minutes less night-time sleep when in childcare.
A new computer program simulates ocean conditions, sea scallop population dynamics, and economic impacts on the fishery, providing a tool for informed discussion among stakeholders. The model predicts potential declines in sea scallop harvests over several decades if current carbon dioxide emissions continue.
Scientists developed a new model to simulate grid cells in non-Euclidean spaces, revealing heptagonal symmetry on a pseudospherical surface. This finding suggests that the brain may be able to encode non-conventional geometries and abstract spaces.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered a novel type of pluripotent stem cell capable of developing into any type of tissue. The new cells, dubbed region-selective pluripotent stem cells (rsPSCs), were easier to grow in the laboratory and offered advantages for large-scale production and gene editing.
A study by Dr Pam Ramsden found that nearly a quarter of participants who viewed violent news events on social media scored high on clinical measures of PTSD. Those with outgoing personalities were also more at risk. The study highlights the need for support and awareness about the risks of viewing traumatic content online.
Researchers predict that personalized medicine interventions could generate significant healthcare gains, including a $607 billion reduction in heart disease incidence. However, weak incentives to develop these interventions hinder their adoption, and experts suggest reimbursement reform could strengthen manufacturers' incentives.
Researchers are drilling sediment cores from Lake Towuti on Sulawesi, which date back a million years or more, to reconstruct the climate history of the region. The sediments hold signatures of the hydrological cycle and can help scientists test climate model predictions.
Berkeley Lab researchers have discovered topologically protected one-dimensional electron conducting channels at the domain walls of bilayer graphene. These conducting channels feature a ballistic length of about 400 nanometers at 4 kelvin, making them suitable for applications such as quantum computing.
Typhoon Noul is predicted to steadily intensify over the next 3 days, reaching Category 2 hurricane strength. The storm will pass northeast of the Philippine Islands before veering north towards Taiwan.
A new assessment tool evaluates fisheries' ecological health alongside economic and community benefits, revealing surprising results. Alaska salmon ranks high in ecology but low in economics and community performance, while Colombian artisanal shrimp performs well in community impact despite low ecological stock levels.
A study of equal billing plans found that customers prefer to pay a little more each month to ensure a refund at the end of the term. This irrational attitude leads to increased customer loyalty and satisfaction. Companies can benefit from this by setting up their equal billing plans to issue refunds at the end of the term.
Queen's University Belfast is at the forefront of a major European push to combat increasingly sophisticated cyber-attacks. The SAFEcrypto project, led by Professor Máire O'Neill, will focus on three main areas: protecting information passed via satellites, public-safety communications systems, and safeguarding data privacy.
A UTMB study found that excessive weight gain during pregnancy, lack of exercise, and smoking are strongly associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity. Moderate exercise during pregnancy can lower this risk, even after adjusting for other factors.
A study by Dr Christine Sprigg found that social support from managers and co-workers, as well as personal optimism, can mitigate the negative effects of witnessing workplace aggression on employees' psychological wellbeing. Co-worker support was particularly significant in limiting burnout from witnessing aggression.
Researchers developed a mobile app that transforms digital sketches into walking routes, allowing users to share unique experiences with friends. The app aims to encourage reflection and communication, rather than competition or efficiency, and explores how GIS mapping technology shapes our experience of walking.
A fecal microbiota transplant successfully cured a patient's C. difficile infection, eliminating populations of multi-drug resistant organisms from the gut and other body sites. The treatment method replenishes normal gut flora, stopping the release of antibiotic-resistant microbes and potentially saving lives.
The new system dynamic model supports investment decision-making and optimizes production guidance in mining investments. The model has already sparked interest among international mining companies.
Cold-water coral reefs, found in subarctic waters, are known for their vast biodiversity and ability to turn over carbon. Recent advances in underwater technology have enabled researchers to investigate these hidden reefs, revealing significant damage caused by deep-sea trawling and ocean warming.
A study found that local media played a sensitive role in helping West Cumbrian communities cope with traumatic events, while national media was often invasive. The research showed that communities responded positively to local support and shared experiences.
Researchers found moderate genetic variation in five sloth bear populations and two genetic clusters, suggesting habitat corridors play a crucial role in maintaining gene flow. The study highlights the importance of protecting threatened habitats connecting isolated sloth bear populations.
Researchers discovered fire ants can excavate tunnels regardless of grain size, with moisture affecting only dry soils. The ants use mechanical factors and capillary forces to build stable structures.
A new study found that expanded hospice care improved indicators of care quality, including reduced reliance on intensive care and feeding tubes. However, it also led to increased costs to Medicare of $6,761 per patient on average due to longer stays and increased provider numbers.
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that calorie restriction and exercise both improve insulin sensitivity, with combining the two approaches resulting in greater reductions. This suggests that both diet and exercise play important roles in managing Type 2 diabetes risk.
A study of 25 snake species in South America found that their diets were more influenced by phylogeny than ecology. The research suggests that the snakes' ancestry plays a significant role in determining their diet, with some species relying on soft-bodied invertebrates.
Researchers build programmable DNA-based processor that calculates shortest routes on a map of six locations, offering cost- and time-savings over other DNA-based computers. The system may also help scientists understand the brain's internal GPS mechanism.
The university will establish a Data Intensive Research and Education Center to create academic opportunities for students from underserved communities. Faculty and students will focus on collaborative research in areas such as hydrology, climate change, and cloud computing.
A study by Dr Mark Moss and colleagues found that age has the biggest influence on motivators and barriers to exercise among older people. The researchers suggest that new health messages should tailor their information to account for differences between 'young' and 'older' older adults.
Endothermic fish, including sharks and tunas, can swim two and a half times faster and twice as far as cold-blooded species. This unique physiological characteristic allows them to maximize their swimming distance and speed, providing benefits for hunting and reproduction.
The Solomon Islands study highlights the increasing vulnerability of small cetaceans worldwide, with over 15,000 dolphins killed by villagers from 1976 to 2013. The drive-hunting of dolphins in the Solomon Islands is a significant threat to their survival, with the hunt being as much about culture as economic value.
The study found that older adults are using more mobility devices, with a third reporting the use of multiple devices. Despite this, using a cane was linked to limiting activities due to fear of falling.
A new study reveals that the perception of quality care for the dying in the US has worsened over the last decade, with loved ones reporting a decrease in satisfaction. Despite efforts to improve end-of-life care, significant gaps remain between patient and provider preferences.
A new study suggests that fencing in dryland ecosystems may disrupt migration pathways and reduce wildlife populations. Conservationists are calling for policies to evaluate the effectiveness of fences in protecting wildlife and balancing human interests.