Tropical Storm Vamco developed into a depression on September 13, with NASA's RapidScat instrument measuring its surface winds. The storm intensified rapidly and was located near Vietnam by September 14, before dissipating over rugged terrain.
Scientists studied how a more acidic ocean affects the protective shell of the mermaid's wineglass algae. They found that in high carbon dioxide conditions, skeletons contained 32% less calcium carbonate and were 40% less stiff and droopier. This could make them more susceptible to damage from ocean currents and grazing by marine animals.
A study by the University of Queensland found that over half the world's sea turtles have eaten debris, including plastics and other human waste. This poses a significant threat to their survival due to blockages or toxic chemical releases.
Researchers created a plant-human hybrid protein OptoSTIM1 to modulate calcium channels, leading to improved memory in mice. The study showed a nearly twofold increase in fear stimulus response memory compared to non-light-stimulated mice.
The UK10K project analyzed nearly 10,000 individuals to understand the contribution of rare genetic variants to various diseases. The study identified new genetic variants and genes underlying disease risk, increasing the resolution of genetic discoveries.
Researchers at Texas A&M University found that pairing popular vegetables with school entrees, such as burgers and chicken nuggets, can lead to increased vegetable consumption. The study suggests optimizing entrée-vegetable pairings in schools meals could positively impact vegetable intake for students relying on school meals.
A study by Oxford University researchers found that pedaling at high speeds, like professional cyclists, is less efficient for recreational cyclists. The team developed a new equation using cadence to estimate energy consumption on stationary cycle ergometers, providing more accurate results.
A new study by Aarhus University researchers found that plant communities on the Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador have shifted upwards by more than 500 meters over the last two centuries. This dramatic shift is attributed to climate change and human-induced land cultivation, which has reduced precipitation and glacier coverage.
The world has lost 129 million hectares of forest area since 1990, with tropical forests taking the hardest hit. However, there have been positive signs, including a halving of net forest loss from 7.3 to 3.3 million hectares between 2010 and 2015.
A new report led by University of Arizona researchers reveals the Sierra Nevada snowpack was at its lowest level in 500 years in 2015, exacerbating California's ongoing drought. The study uses tree-ring data to compare snowpack levels with temperatures, finding a strong correlation between warmer winters and lower snowpack.
A new study by Malika Ihle and colleagues found that zebra finches choose mates based on stimulation, leading to increased reproductive success. The research suggests that this mate-choice process is essential for the survival of the species, as it maximizes gene perpetuation through successful offspring.
A study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that women who followed a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil had a significantly lower risk of developing breast cancer. The study, which involved over 4,200 women, showed that the Mediterranean diet with olive oil reduced breast cancer risk by 68%.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found racial disparities in pain management among children with appendicitis in emergency departments, with black children receiving less pain medication and opioids. The study analyzed data from 2003 to 2010 and suggested that more research is needed to understand why such disparities exist.
A new study reveals that social factors such as insurance status, marital status, and county-level income significantly affect the chances of survival in young patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The findings highlight the need to address these non-biological patient characteristics to improve health outcomes.
A new study reveals that England has made significant progress in improving its health outcomes compared to other wealthy countries. However, the research also exposes persistent health disparities within English regions, with little change in the gap between the most and least deprived areas over the past 23 years.
A statewide study in Indiana found that fewer than a quarter of men and women with osteoporosis or fragility fracture received treatment between 2005 and 2012. The study also found disparities in treatment rates among different groups, including racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with multiple chronic conditions.
A UC Riverside-led study illustrates how guppies adapt to new environments in less than a year, showing evolution as a contemporary process. Researchers tracked the success of male guppies in making babies and surviving using DNA from their scales.
A new robotic nurse is being developed at the University of Texas at Arlington to assist nurses with daily tasks, such as walking patients and monitoring their safety. The robot aims to improve patient care, reduce workplace injuries, and increase productivity for healthcare providers.
The National Science Foundation awards nearly $40 million to support the development of smart cities, including a new instrument called Array of Things in Chicago. The instrument will enable researchers to rapidly deploy sensors and systems at scale in an urban environment.
A study by Eric Maskin and Michael Kremer finds that globalization has increased income inequality in poor countries by widening the gap between low- and high-skilled workers. Increasing education levels of low-skilled workers is proposed as a solution to address this issue.
Researchers have found a way to mobilize immune cells to attack and destroy malignant tumors by using a cell surface receptor called GITR. This protein can switch immature T-cells from becoming regulatory T-cells to tumor killers called Th9 cells, which produce the cancer-fighting protein interleukin 9.
An international research team has identified a novel gene, EN1, associated with osteoporosis and bone mineral density. The study used extensive genetic data from the UK10K project to uncover a genetic variant near EN1 with the strongest effect on BMD and fracture.
A new project promotes agroforestry in Myanmar's uplands as a sustainable alternative to shifting cultivation, which harms livelihoods and ecosystems. The project aims to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides while boosting yields and diversifying income sources.
Researchers found that Asian elephants born during stressful periods produce significantly fewer offspring despite higher reproduction rates at an early age. The decline in reproductive rate accelerates with age, decades later.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University's Simon Initiative shows that MOOCs are ineffective and that interactive approaches improve learning outcomes. Students who completed combined courses with OLI learned 66% on a final exam, compared to 57% for those in MOOC-only courses.
Scientists from KU Leuven discovered that two of three possible climates on rocky exoplanets are potentially habitable. The 'air conditioning system' keeps surface temperatures within the habitable range, despite permanent day and night sides. This finding provides valuable input for future space missions.
A new treatment protocol has been shown to improve outcomes for infants born in withdrawal from drugs, resulting in shorter hospital stays and reduced opioid treatment durations. The protocol, developed by the Ohio Children's Hospital Neonatal Research Consortium, increased adherence rates and improved overall patient care.
Scientists have identified a FOXC1 gene that causes more aggressive cancer in AML patients. When switched on in blood cell tissue, it stunts the development of blood cells and stops them maturing into normal specialized blood cells, leading to faster cancer growth.
Researchers at INRS have developed an optical chip that can generate cross-polarized photon pairs, paving the way for more efficient and low-cost telecommunication networks. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize optical communication and applications such as signal processing and spectroscopy.
BACE1 and APH1B-y-secretase control axonal guidance by regulating growth cone collapse and restoration. Inhibition of these proteases may have physiologically opposite effects, suggesting cautious combination therapies to mitigate side effects.
Single grandparents caring for grandchildren are at a higher risk of poor physical and mental health compared to single parents. The study found that solo grandparents fare worse in four critical health areas: physical health, mental health, functional limitations, and health behaviors.
Researchers find PCMH costs per physician FTE were $7,691 in Utah and $9,658 in Colorado. Family physicians with high HIV experience are more likely to adhere to antiretroviral therapy protocols. Adequate compensation is critical for practices to sustain medical home services.
The National Science Foundation has invested $10 million in smart service systems that learn from data to center on people through individual feedback and input. These adaptive and individualized interactions create more value.
A 20-year follow-up of the EORTC boost no-boost trial found that young age, high-grade invasive tumor, and ductal carcinoma in situ were associated with increased local recurrence rates. The study showed substantial benefits from academic clinical research, enabling long-term follow-up and analysis.
The new guideline focuses on preventing fractures among frail seniors, highlighting the importance of nutrition, exercise, and medication adherence. It also emphasizes the need for individually tailored interventions to reduce falls and promotes safe living environments.
A study of 350,000 patients with type 2 diabetes found those with poor blood sugar control have a 50% higher risk of being admitted to hospital for dementia compared to those with good control. Improved blood sugar control may prevent many cases of dementia in these patients.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that many obese people are malnourished before weight loss surgery. The research highlights the importance of addressing nutritional deficiencies to reduce surgical complications and improve overall health after the procedure.
A new classification system for gout has been developed to standardize its diagnosis and treatment. The system uses evidence-based criteria and has been validated by comparing it to existing published criteria, outperforming them in performance.
Researchers at RIKEN Brain Science Institute developed a new optical clearing technique called Sca l eS, enabling the creation of transparent brain samples for detailed analysis. The technique has provided new insights into Alzheimer's disease pathology and revealed associations between amyloid beta plaques and microglial cells.
Researchers discovered that the amount of gas produced in small underground chemical explosions can affect seismic wave patterns, particularly low-frequency P waves. This finding may improve the use of these explosions to study nuclear detonations and detect gas releases in explosion.
The National Science Foundation is awarding nearly $12 million to US Ignite to support the development of innovative gigabit application prototypes with significant societal impact. These prototypes will be tested in various US cities and communities, enabling the sharing of gigabit application prototypes across community boundaries.
The International Year of Global Understanding aims to foster smart policies by promoting better understanding of local impacts on the global. Activities include research projects, educational programmes, and information campaigns to translate scientific insight into sustainable lifestyles.
Researchers at UMass Amherst are developing smart energy services that use data from Holyoke Gas & Electric Co.'s smart meters to reduce peak demand, promote local renewable energy and save customers money. The services will also provide real-time notifications for unusual energy usage and suggested conservation tips.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 million patients found that diabetic women are 40% more likely to suffer acute coronary syndromes than diabetic men. The study highlights the need for comprehensive risk control and early diagnosis in female patients with diabetes.
A new study found that viruses flourish in the guts of healthy infants, with diverse viral strains and a dynamic ecosystem of interacting organisms. The researchers discovered viral strains that exclusively kill bacteria, which declines as the babies grow older.
A new review from the University of Cambridge found that larger portions and tableware increase food and drink consumption, with eliminating large portions reducing energy intake by up to 29% among US adults. Reducing portion size is a promising strategy to combat overeating and related health risks.
Wladek Minor is rescuing vital submicroscopic data with a $20,000 grant, making it accessible for scientists and industry. His online search engine simplifies data access, speeding up research and potentially leading to new treatments.
Hispanics struggle with depression, but cultural concerns and stigma hinder seeking care. A new project uses a culturally sensitive comic-book style education tool to overcome barriers and encourage treatment.
The symposium will cover the entire food supply chain, from input companies to consumers, and feature representatives from major food companies, including American Crystal Sugar and General Mills. Sustainability will be a key focus of the event, with panel discussions from industry experts.
A new study by the American Heart Association reveals that black patients and those with low socioeconomic status have shorter life expectancies after a heart attack. Life expectancy gaps are largest among black patients with higher socioeconomic status, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address these disparities.
A five-year programme will focus on developing miniscule technology to deliver drugs directly to cancer sites, improving chemotherapy effectiveness. The project tackles an important area around drug delivery in pancreatic cancer, which is the fifth most common cause of cancer deaths in the UK.
A new strategy using porous, transplantable hydrogels has experimentally improved bone repair by boosting the survival rate of transplanted stem cells and influencing their cell differentiation. This breakthrough could lead to enhanced regenerative therapies for various tissues and organs.
Emergency services clinicians face a 60% heightened risk of injury and illness when working shifts of 16-24 hours. Prolonged work hours compromise physical strength, mental focus, and alertness, increasing the risk of accidents.
The University of Iowa has received a $10.67 million SPORE grant to research neuroendocrine tumors, which have seen a five-fold increase in incidence over three decades. The grant aims to develop new diagnostic and treatment approaches through analyzing gene expression profiles and identifying important mutations.
A new comprehensive guide, MAGIC, offers a framework for clinicians to pick the right device for each adult patient, reducing complications and improving safety. The guide provides color-coded charts and algorithms to indicate appropriate or inappropriate use of IV devices.
A recent study found that larger and private colleges are more likely to have hookah cafes and lounges nearby, despite smoke-free policies decreasing these chances. The study suggests that economic factors may play a role in the increased odds of hookah establishments near private institutions.
Researchers from Brown University have developed a system for multiplexing terahertz waves, which enables separate streams of data to travel through a single medium. This technology has the potential to support terahertz wireless systems that can deliver data at much higher speeds than current cellular or Wi-Fi networks.
Researchers discovered a potential mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that HSD10 reduces oxidative stress and promotes cell repair in humans. This breakthrough provides a fresh perspective on Alzheimer's disease etiology and could inform novel drug strategies.
Researchers at University of California, Irvine discovered that valproic acid preserves the M-current during seizures, which contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability. This finding points to new drug discovery approaches with fewer side effects.
Researchers found that impairments in mitochondria can deplete cellular energy levels and cause neuronal dysfunction in a model of neurodegenerative disease. The study revealed the energy threshold needed to support synaptic vesicle cycling, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial function in brain cells.