Researchers have identified a unique group of stem cells in the human brain that generate most neurons, expanding the cortex by 1,000-fold. These stem cells, called outer radial glia (oRGs), exhibit remarkable generative capacity and self-renewal properties.
A new theory suggests that dark matter could be composed of electrically charged constituents that interact with ordinary matter in the early universe. This 'stealthy' dark matter would have been easy to detect at high temperatures but is now difficult to see due to its compositeness and confinement.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that arterial blood contains a higher number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) than venous blood in uveal melanoma patients. This discovery raises concerns about the effectiveness of current detection techniques, which often rely on venous blood samples.
Harvard Stem Cell Institute researchers discovered molecular changes in SMA that explain why motor neurons are affected, diverging from other neurodegenerative diseases. The findings suggest a stress response pathway convergence between SMA and ALS, potentially leading to a single treatment.
The EU BON project uses the European Biodiversity Observation Network to develop an integrated biodiversity information framework. This framework collects and standardizes existing data sources to show trends and prognoses useful to policy and society. The aim is to make biodiversity data discoverable, accessible, and digestible.
A Purdue University-led survey of nearly 700 scientists from non-climate disciplines found that an overwhelming majority believe in anthropogenic climate change and are highly certain of their beliefs. The study suggests that cultural values, political ideologies, and personal identity influence scientists' views on climate change.
The Brown University Superfund Research Program will advance research on toxicant exposures and safety, focusing on biomedical and engineering solutions for regulatory uncertainty. Researchers will investigate physiological effects of toxicants on the male reproductive system and explore graphene's potential to block toxicant releases.
Researchers discovered a world of biological activity beneath the Arctic's polar night, with diverse species reproducing and thriving in the darkness. The findings raise questions about how marine species adapt to the changing climate and highlight the importance of this period for ecosystem reproduction.
Lehigh University has received a $5 million grant from the National Science Foundation to improve infrastructure resilience and sustainability. The award supports research using Lehigh's ATLSS facilities, which will conduct real-time structural experiments to evaluate engineering designs and materials during natural disasters.
Researchers have developed a sticky gel that helps stem cells adhere to and restore their metabolism in rat hearts, improving cardiac function after simulated heart attacks. The gel, which combines serum and hyaluronic acid, has been shown to retain up to 73% of transplanted cells in the heart.
Professor Raymond received the Canadian Geotechnical Society's 2016 Colloquium Lecture honour for his proposed talk on precise measurement of thermal properties in geological materials. He is a scientific leader in geothermal energy, advancing knowledge of analysis and energy modelling for geothermal applications.
A study found that online support forums for people struggling with suicidal thoughts experience a shift in language and behavior after celebrity suicides. Redditors become more inwardly focused, posting about their own life struggles rather than seeking support from others.
Research reveals that fluctuating sea levels and global cooling led to a significant decline in the number of crocodylian species over millions of years. The study found that changes in climate had a major impact on these creatures, with many surviving only in warmer parts of the world.
Tropical Storm Ida is a somewhat shapeless system with wind shear affecting its structure. The storm is moving eastward and expected to turn northward by tonight, followed by northwestward motion.
A comprehensive report finds telecommuting can boost job satisfaction and productivity, but only when implemented carefully. Key moderating factors include employee choice, scheduling control, relationships with supervisors and coworkers, and work dependency.
Researchers have discovered that a class of experimental drugs already in clinical trials can help the body's immune system fight cancer. The drugs target a protein called Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), which is often overproduced in tumors and enables them to evade the immune system.
A mouse model study published in PLOS Pathogens reports a causal link between prenatal malaria exposure and subsequent neurocognitive impairment in offspring. The research identifies key molecular mechanisms involved, including C5a signaling, which can be targeted to improve cognitive development.
Researchers used radiocarbon in deep-sea fossil corals to reconstruct CO2 levels and ocean circulation during the last deglaciation. The study found two massive transient events that flushed out respired carbon, causing rapid CO2 rise and abrupt warming in the North Atlantic region.
A mobile app collected data from over 150 participants, showing that a majority of people eat for 15 hours or longer. The study aimed to test whether reducing daily food intake duration impacts health and found that time-restricted feeding can lead to weight loss and improved energy levels.
Researchers aim to create a 'smellscape' to understand how critters navigate by scent and convert odors into spatial information. They will use computational modeling to simulate odor navigation processes and test their models on diverse species.
Researchers from Aalto University have developed DNA nanostructures for smart drug-delivery vehicles and molecular devices. These structures provide new applications in molecular medicine, such as targeting cancer cells with tailored payloads.
A new study finds that climate-related changes in flower diversity are causing a significant shortening of alpine bumble bees' tongues, making them poorly suited to feed from deep flowers they were adapted to. This loss of mutualism highlights how climate change can decouple well-established relationships between bees and plants.
New research questions prevailing theory on female genital cutting as a social norm, finding no correlation between community norms and cutting practices. Alternative forces like sexual fidelity benefits may sustain the practice, highlighting the need for more effective policy interventions.
Researchers have developed a molecular 'on switch' to control T cell actions in cancer therapy, allowing for sharper reduction of severe side effects. The innovation enables doctors to precisely manage immune responses using a controller drug that flips cells into an active status.
A giant magnet is now ready to drive high-energy particle experiments at Fermilab, aiming to test the Standard Model's deficiencies and discover new particles. The Muon g-2 collaboration, including the University of Washington, will conduct precise measurements using muons generated by protons.
Dr. Zhiqiang Lin has developed a technique that allows monitoring of virtual machines for invasions and viruses, bridging the semantic gap in data structures. This breakthrough has the potential to improve cloud security and protect online services from malicious intruders.
The Matchmaker Exchange platform harnesses collective data from across rare disease repositories to uncover similar symptoms and genetic profiles. By protecting patient data privacy while connecting databases through APIs, researchers can identify the genetic causes of rare diseases more efficiently.
Researchers have identified crucial metabolic genes that enable cheese-making fungi to thrive on cheese, while also raising concerns about food safety. The study provides insights into the evolutionary history of these fungi and their ability to adapt to domesticated environments.
A Swedish study found that women with moderate beer consumption have a 30% lower risk of heart attack compared to those who drink heavily or not at all. The study also reveals an increased risk of cancer among high spirit consumers, while moderate wine consumption had no protective effect.
Monash University researchers have discovered the mechanism behind how proteins enter mitochondria, a crucial step in cellular energy production. The breakthrough uses novel technology to visualize the process at an atomic level, enabling scientists to study fundamental biological pathways.
A major study of Kenyan journalists who covered violent events found that they were at increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety. The research, published by JRSM Open, highlights the need for news organizations to prioritize their psychological health and offer confidential counselling.
A study published in Current Biology identified a species-specific genetic marker called MUP used by female house mice to select closely related females as nest partners. The researchers also found that the vertebrate-wide MHC is not involved in kin recognition, contrary to previous assumptions.
A new study by University of Delaware researchers found that positive comments on Facebook pages about political candidates positively influence viewers' own views, while negative comments have a negative effect. The study tested the impact of social media interactivity on citizens' perceptions of politicians.
Researchers discovered ticks carrying Borrelia burgdorferi parasite in Richmond Park and Bushy Park, posing a risk to visitors. The team advises taking preventative measures to avoid tick bites, especially in areas with frequent parkland usage.
Researchers at University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich develop new treatment methods for rare brain disease PML. A vaccine against the disease could be developed using specific antibodies that recognize the most important mutants of the JC virus.
A Lund University study found that men with higher exposure to the chemical DEHP have lower sperm motility. This could lead to difficulties conceiving children. The study analyzed metabolite levels of DEHP in urine and semen quality among 300 young men.
The Hubble Space Telescope has unveiled a small section of the expanding remains of a massive star that exploded about 8,000 years ago. The Veil Nebula, covering six full moons on the sky, is composed of wisps of gas that were once a star 20 times more massive than our sun.
A RAND Corporation study found that more than 80 percent of school principals expressed satisfaction with Teach For America teachers, particularly those with experience. Principals rated corps members' abilities to improve student performance and develop positive relationships with colleagues and administrators. However, alumni were mo...
Researchers found a promising target for new therapies in genes affected by praziquantel treatment, including a proton pump inhibited by omeprazole. Combining sub-lethal doses of praziquantel with omeprazole killed more parasites than praziquantel alone.
Harvard scientists have developed a rechargeable battery that can store electricity from renewable sources like solar and wind power. The new technology uses non-toxic, abundant elements dissolved in water solution, making it safer and cheaper than traditional batteries.
Researchers find that using liquid natural gas (LNG) in marine vessels can reduce local air pollution, but its impact on greenhouse gases depends on the fuel supply infrastructure. The study suggests that LNG may be a viable alternative to traditional fuels for shipping companies looking to comply with new regulations.
A new RAND Corporation study found that the number of young female anesthesiologists is increasing, but their wages are lower than those of their male peers. Female anesthesiologists worked fewer hours and were more likely to work part-time, leading to a wage gap of 13%.
A recent study by international researchers has developed a predictive tool to assess the likely impact of a new influenza pandemic. By analyzing clinical episode data from military personnel, they estimated key parameters such as transmissibility and severity, enabling early mitigation strategies.
Researchers found that fruit flies exhibit a similar craving for salt during pregnancy as humans, and this preference increases offspring production. The study suggests the existence of unifying biological principles underlying this behavior across species.
Beneficial fungi in yew trees serve as a combination bandage-immune system, producing taxol to protect against pathogenic fungi while allowing the tree's own tissues to heal. Researchers hope this discovery could lead to cheaper and more efficient production of cancer-fighting drug Taxol.
Researchers have reported surprisingly high damage tolerance in electrochemically-lithiated silicon materials, suggesting all-silicon anodes may be commercially viable. The study found that above a certain concentration of lithium, the material becomes more tolerant to damage, making it possible to design durable silicon-based batteries.
A new article in the New England Journal of Medicine offers life-saving guidance on handling mid-air medical emergencies. Healthcare providers are urged to plan ahead, using good judgment to protect themselves and others.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified a mechanism underlying the formation of stress granules in cells under stress, which are linked to degenerative diseases such as ALS. The study reveals that mutations in proteins involved in stress granule assembly can lead to toxic fibrils and disease progression.
NASA's RapidScat instrument identified Tropical Storm Dujuan's strongest side as the southeastern quadrant. The storm's maximum sustained winds were measured at 30m/s, equivalent to 67mph/108kph.
A new study found that a Mediterranean-type diet high in monounsaturated fats and low in saturated fats decreased the inflammatory response, compared to diets high or low in palmitic acid. The research suggests that dietary fats may play a key role in obesity-related diseases.
A recent study found that some health apps, despite being clinically-accredited, were transmitting unencrypted personal and health information, compromising user privacy. The study reviewed 79 apps listed on the UK NHS Health Apps Library and found 23 sent identifying info over the internet without encryption.
A study of female genital cutting practices in Sudan found tremendous heterogeneity between and within communities, with attitudes and cutting habits varying widely. The research challenges the assumption that cutting is a social norm-based decision, instead suggesting that private values play a significant role.
Researchers found that the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) can predict performance on daily living tasks. The study used Actual Reality technology to assess internet access and ordering tasks, showing poor BICAMS scores correlated with poor task performance.
A Duke University study found that assigning public schools failing grades leads to increased turnout among affluent voters, but has little impact on low-income families. The research suggests that providing citizens with information about school performance does not necessarily address imbalances in civic engagement.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic Children's Research Center found that kids with asthma who are exposed to secondhand smoke are twice as likely to be hospitalized for an asthma flare. The study analyzed data from over 430,000 children and strengthens the link between secondhand smoke exposure and increased asthma symptoms.
Research reveals alginate gel biofilms are highly dynamic and exchangeable, challenging previous assumptions about their structure. The findings may lead to new ways of modifying or disrupting these materials to combat bacterial infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
The MIT, Broad Institute Foundry aims to revolutionize genetic engineering by enabling the rapid design, testing, and fabrication of large sequences of genetic information. The facility collaborates with academic and industrial partners to develop innovative pipeline tools for efficient and precise DNA design.
The National Science Foundation awards UC Davis a five-year, $5 million grant to utilize the large earthquake-simulating centrifuge for natural hazards engineering research. Researchers can build complex models and conduct accurate scale-model studies of soils and soil-structure systems.
Researchers found that adult survivors of pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors performed significantly lower on standardized clinical tests of working memory, and had increased blood-oxygen level dependent activation in prefrontal regions.
Researchers at the University of Maryland are working on developing next-generation cryptography to secure against quantum computers. The team will focus on making cryptosystems secure and collaborating with NIST researchers.
A paraplegic man was able to take steps without manual control using an electroencephalogram-based system that bypasses the spinal cord. The study, led by Zoran Nenadic and An Do, used a custom-made system to process brain waves into signals that stimulate leg muscles.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) has found that clomiphene citrate is a more effective treatment option than ovarian stimulation with letrozole or gonadotropins for unexplained infertility, reducing multiple gestations without lowering pregnancy rates.
A study published in Optometry and Vision Science found that patients with age-related macular degeneration can accurately complete touch screen tasks, but their performance is slowed due to difficulties exploring the interface. The research suggests adapting touch screen applications to aid individuals with AMD.
Researchers designed molecules that suppress protein aggregation, a process damaging cells in Alzheimer's and type 2 diabetes. The findings reveal a novel class of peptide leads that could pave the way for new treatments.
Scientists have discovered a potential ecological route to control plant disease by harnessing the power of soil microbial communities. The study found that increasing competition between resident bacteria and invading pathogens can constrain the spread of bacterial wilt, reducing its devastating impact on global food production.
The University of Bonn study found that Brazil's 'blacklisting' policy reduced Amazon forest loss by 26% per year. The researchers used data from 2008 to 2012 and compared listed communities with comparable non-listed communities.
A UC Riverside botanist is studying how trees and shrubs respond to extreme drought in California. He aims to understand which species have survived past droughts and which strategies are most effective.
Researchers discovered that the parasite Brugia malayi releases microRNA-containing vesicles to infect human hosts. These vesicles activate a pro-inflammatory response in human macrophages, opening up new avenues for therapeutic targets and treatment strategies.
Researchers at Yale University have found that hunger neurons control not only hunger and appetite but also regulate bone mass. The study reveals that lower levels of hunger are associated with lower bone density, highlighting a new mechanism in the regulation of skeletal bone metabolism.
Researchers at University of Waterloo's Institute for Quantum Computing have controlled the orbital angular momentum of neutron waves for the first time. This breakthrough enables probing of material properties like magnetism and crystalline structure, opening doors to deeper studies of superconducting and chiral materials.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $13.3 million in NARSAD Young Investigator Grants to 191 promising young scientists working on groundbreaking neurobiological research to identify causes, improve treatments and develop prevention strategies for psychiatric disorders affecting one in four people.
Researchers have discovered that combining tricyclic antidepressants with anticoagulant drugs can slow down glioma tumors in mice by causing excessive autophagy. The study, published in Cancer Cell, found that the combination therapy doubled the lifespan of mice with gliomas.
Researchers found that two alpine bumblebee species have evolved shorter tongues in response to declining flowering due to warming temperatures. This adaptation may help the bees cope with environmental challenges caused by climate change.
Research emphasizes that lean efforts must consider health and safety regulations to maintain quality and productivity without compromising employee well-being. The lean philosophy aims to minimize waste, including non-value adding activities that result in accidents and employee compensation.
Engineers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a method for assembling molecules within liquid crystal defects, creating miniscule tubing that can direct molecular organization. This technique has potential applications in electronics, medicine, and designing selective membranes.
Florida Atlantic University has received a $1.2 million grant to develop a graduate program preparing teachers to work with students with autism spectrum disorder. The program will provide tuition support and state endorsement for teachers earning a master's degree in ASD.
Scientists used UAF's Parallel Ice Sheet Model to estimate the impact of fossil fuels on Antarctica's ice sheet. The study found that releasing 10,000 gigatons of carbon could raise global temps by 20 degrees Fahrenheit, melting the Antarctic ice sheet and causing sea levels to rise by over 160 feet.
A clinical trial found that weight loss and exercise improve ovulation in women with PCOS, increasing pregnancy rates. The study also showed benefits for insulin sensitivity and triglyceride levels.
Investigators found that inhibiting TNFR2 can alleviate intestinal inflammation in mice, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for patients with IBD who do not respond to anti-TNF medications. This discovery could lead to new treatment options for the 65% of individuals with IBD who do not respond or become resistant to current therapies.
Researchers at University of Vermont invent a new way to use chirality to make a nanoscale wrench, allowing for precise control over the shape of molecules. The discovery holds promise as a highly accurate and fast method of creating customized molecules.
A protein-coding gene called hnRNP K has been identified as a potential target for treating acute myeloid leukemia. The study found that expression of hnRNP K is significantly reduced in AML patients who carry a specific genetic deletion, suggesting it acts as a tumor suppressor.
Research reveals that tiny plankton can store large amounts of CO2, potentially doubling estimates of ocean carbon absorption. The copepod lipid pump mechanism is a significant discovery, as it was not previously considered in climate models.
The University of Houston will provide free, rapid-HIV testing and counseling to UH students and young people in the surrounding community, with a focus on minority groups. The new grant expands testing to other minority youth and veterans, aiming to increase awareness and early detection of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes mapped the discovery path to two FDA-approved drugs, revealing that a large network of scientists contributed over decades. The study proposes new metrics to quantify the influence of individual scientists in accelerating future cures.
Researchers from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem have demonstrated new techniques that bring lasers as lighting rods closer to reality. They created a channel of plasma by firing a powerful laser, extending the lifetime of the plasma channel by more than a factor of 10.
A study of 1,000 breast cancer patients found genetic differences between primary tumours and recurring cancers. The research identified potential targets for new therapies, including JAK inhibitors, to prevent cancer recurrence.
A breakthrough study has identified a neural mechanism responsible for fat breakdown, allowing researchers to develop novel anti-obesity therapies. The study found that fat tissue is innervated and direct stimulation of neurons in fat can induce fat breakdown, providing new hopes for treating central leptin resistance.
A Swedish study found that young women who play computer games for over an hour a day are more likely to develop overweight. The researchers calculated that this would result in an additional weight gain of 3.7 kilos, taking other risk factors into account.
Researchers from Southampton's Optoelectronics Research Centre demonstrated the use of optical phase conjugation to improve transmission capacity in long-haul optical systems. They successfully doubled transmission capacity using a dedicated dark fibre network, showcasing potential for high-capacity signals over long distances.
Research from Nationwide Children's Hospital found that delayed umbilical cord clamping in extremely preterm infants led to higher blood pressure readings and reduced need for red blood cell transfusions. The study, which examined 40 infants between 22-27 weeks gestation, showed no immediate safety concerns.
A new study finds that reducing short-lived pollutants like methane and aerosols can substantially improve air quality while also mitigating climate change. The measures, which target the oil and gas industry, could lower global temperatures by up to 0.22°C by 2050 and reduce life expectancy losses due to air pollution.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory create a new surface microscope that allows them to control the chemical environment and image minerals as they react under extreme conditions. The technique, called X-ray reflection interface microscopy (XRIM), enables scientists to study reaction front instabilities in real-time.
Researchers found that combining antidepressants with blood thinners increases autophagy in cancer cells, causing them to die. This combination therapy doubled the lifespan of mice with early-stage brain cancer, but further study is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
A new treatment involving the removal of a protein called sFlt-1 from the blood has shown promise in prolonging pregnancy in women with preeclampsia. Pregnancy continued for an average of 8 days and 15 days in treated women, compared to just 3 days in untreated women.
A new study suggests that expanded education for women in Malawi has not led to a delay in childbearing. Despite efforts to improve health and well-being outcomes, young women are still likely to experience early childbearing due to limited economic opportunities.
Researchers at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found Ixodes ricinus ticks in Richmond and Bushy parks, carrying the Borrelia burgdorferi bacterial pathogen that causes Lyme disease. The risk is low but caution is advised as most humans are infected through nymphs' bites.
A new study published in International Journal of Quality in Health Care found an association between hospital accreditation and mortality rate among patients. Hospitals that fully met the requirements of the Danish Healthcare Quality Programme had a significantly lower mortality rate compared to those that only partially met the stand...
Researchers have identified GATA4 as a key transcription factor that activates cellular senescence. This process is characterized by a pro-inflammatory response and the production of secreted inflammatory cytokines. The study reveals that GATA4 is normally suppressed by autophagy, but its accumulation promotes senescence.
A new methodology allows for the tracking of DNA methylation patterns in individual cells over time, providing insights into gene expression and cell identity. This breakthrough could aid in cancer treatment and other diseases by identifying specific genes to activate or silence.
Researchers at Austrian Research Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB) have elucidated a new pathway that makes yeast Pichia pastoris unique. The study reveals the utilization of methanol as a nutrient, similar to plants using CO2, and demonstrates the leading role of Vienna researchers in biotech yeast research.
Mitochondrial mutations enabled humans to adapt to new environments, allowing for physiological responses and flexibility. This adaptation is crucial for species survival, as it provides faster and more flexible adaptations than nuclear DNA mutations.
Researchers argue that single therapies are unlikely to achieve long-term HIV remission, and propose a data-driven approach to combination therapy trials. The proposed method involves parallel animal and human studies, with combinations selected based on in vitro and existing data, accelerating the research process.
Physicists at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a new approach to carry out precision calculations of the forces acting between protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei. This method uses effective field theory and a new method for analyzing theoretical uncertainties, allowing for a more accurate description of nuclear systems.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a new DNA-templated gold nanocluster that enhances electron transfer in enzymatic fuel cells. The AuNC facilitates oxygen reduction reactions, lowering overpotential and increasing electrocatalytic current densities.
Researchers analyzed deep sea coral samples to reveal that past carbon dioxide spikes occurred alongside high ocean circulation events. The findings suggest that excess carbon in the deep ocean was flushed out, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere.
Researchers have demonstrated a novel method to create protein polymers that can display new functionalities, including temperature responsiveness. By changing the decoration points on the protein, they found that the functional properties of the polymer were influenced.
Early-career cell biologists Clifford Brangwynne, Ahmet Yildiz, and Meng Wang have won the ASCB-Gibco Emerging Leaders Prizes for their groundbreaking research in cell biology. Their work has launched new research fields at the interface of biology and physics.
A new study finds that many forests cannot absorb as much carbon dioxide as projected because of a shortage in vital nutrient nitrogen. This limits the ability of plants to fix carbon, leading to higher net carbon emissions.
The National Practice Guideline offers specific guidance on assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of opioid use disorders. Medication options include methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone, with recommendations for patient monitoring and follow-up.
A recent study found that an Icelandic volcanic eruption released three times more sulphur dioxide gas than all of Europe's industrial emissions combined. The eruption caused significant air pollution and acid rain, with the lava flow covering an area equivalent to Manhattan.
Scientists used Parkes telescope for 11 years to detect gravitational waves but found nothing, suggesting that black holes may merge quickly without generating waves. The lack of detection has implications for astronomers who want to use pulsar timing techniques to spot gravitational waves.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center and the University of Alberta have discovered a new biochemical pathway that controls insulin secretion from islet beta cells in the pancreas. The study found that impairing this pathway, known as S-AMP production, disrupts normal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
Researchers sequenced the complete genomes of 11 Przewalski's horses, including museum specimens, and compared them to domesticated horses. The findings show that captivity led to lower genetic diversity, increased inbreeding, and gene variants from domesticated individuals.
Researchers found that heavy use of technology doesn't necessarily mean it's valued by customers. Instead, they suggest considering non-traditional customer segments based on a technology's attributes that are most beneficial to them. This approach will improve the overall customer experience.
Research suggests that adipose tissue acts as an HIV reservoir, hosting virus-producing cells and contributing to chronic immune activation. The study found similar results in human patients undergoing surgery, highlighting the potential for modulating fat tissue to limit viral persistence and inflammation.