Researchers have created new crosses among relevant yeasts to open up new horizons of taste in lager beers. Genetic studies showed a lack of genetic diversity among lager yeasts, resulting from only two parent yeast species.
A new training program at the University of Texas at Dallas aims to prepare doctoral students in mathematics and statistics for a wide range of career paths. The project, funded by the NSF Enriched Doctoral Training Program, provides students with marketable skills and research experience through collaborations with industry partners.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University have developed a new, environment-friendly catalyst for polyethylene production that can be produced from waste materials. The low-cost process is expected to play a significant role in the commercialization of the project with Tatarstan's Kazanorgsintez.
Researchers at the National Institutes of Natural Sciences have developed stable, crystalline, porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) that can be used as platforms for functional exploration. The COFs exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric Michael reactions.
Researchers at Stanford University used thermal data and electronic tagging to identify the bluefin's favorite dining spots along the North American coastline. The study revealed that temperature changes impact energy intake, with tunas consuming prey on 90% of days observed.
Climate models predict a doubling of extreme interannual sea level swings in the tropical southwestern Pacific, posing significant risks to vulnerable coastlines. Sea level drops and flooding will have severe consequences for Pacific Island communities adapting to rising sea levels.
Researchers have found that pairs of rabbitfishes coordinate their vigilance activity to provide safety for one partner while the other feeds, presenting evidence for reciprocal cooperation. This behavior is unique among fishes and suggests that cooperation may not be exclusive to highly developed organisms.
The NIH has launched a landmark study examining the effects of adolescent substance use on brain development. The study will track 10,000 children from ages 9 to 10 and beyond, assessing exposure to substances, mental health, cognitive skills, and brain structure.
Researchers at the University of Rochester and Chinese institutions investigate if CO2 decrease caused Earth to cool 3 million years ago. They test hypothesis that iron-rich dust from Asian deserts fertilized North Pacific Ocean algae, reducing atmospheric CO2.
Researchers successfully grew atomically thin 2D sheets of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites from solution, exhibiting efficient photoluminescence, color-tunability, and unique structural relaxation. The ultrathin sheets have square-shaped geometry, high quality crystallinity, and large size, facilitating their integration into futu...
Two University of Toronto scientists developed a new research framework to measure agricultural impacts using functional trait-based ecology. The approach focuses on how plants respond to and affect changes in their environment, providing insights into crop diversity, nutrient cycling, pest repellence and drought mitigation.
Research groups worldwide are developing TENGs to power wearable electronics and sensor networks. A set of standards has been proposed to quantify device performance, including structural and materials performance of four major types. The standards will facilitate comparisons and selection of devices for specific applications.
Tropical Storm Niala formed after experiencing wind shear, according to NASA's Aqua satellite data. The storm moved through warm waters and intensified into a tropical depression before strengthening into a tropical storm.
A large worldwide study found that smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) are at nearly twice the risk of developing small cell lung cancer compared to those without COPD. The study, published in EBioMedicine, analyzed data from 24 case-control studies and estimated the risk more precisely than before.
Researchers found that deep-diving whales have ultra-stable versions of myoglobin, a protein that holds oxygen in muscle cells. This stability allows them to pack more myoglobin into their cells, enabling them to remain active while holding their breath. The discovery could lead to creating synthetic blood for human trauma patients.
A new study by University of Cologne researchers finds that poorly qualified workers with a migration background tend to earn more than native Germans, particularly those from low-educated families. School drop-outs of Turkish origin have been found to earn approximately 2.20 euros more per hour.
The OPATHY network aims to create innovative diagnostic tools for yeast diseases by leveraging high-throughput technologies like genomics and transcriptomics. The project will provide multidisciplinary training for PhD students to develop original scientific and clinical strategies for treating yeast infections.
University of Missouri researchers have discovered that Interferon Induced Transmembranes (IFITM) proteins can inhibit the transmission of HIV-1, the most common HIV strain. The study found that IFITM proteins specifically interact with the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein and block its maturation, reducing viral infectivity and transmission.
A new CRISPR-Cpf1 system offers a simpler approach to genome engineering with precise DNA cutting capabilities. The system, discovered by Feng Zhang and his colleagues, has potential to advance genetic engineering and cancer research.
Researchers developed a new methodology to predict consumer spending at competitors, using share-of-wallet as a key metric. The model reveals segments of customers, including those influenced by income and habit, allowing businesses to target high-potential customers and optimize cross-selling strategies.
The CheckMate 025 phase III clinical trial shows that nivolumab significantly prolongs survival in patients with advanced kidney cancer, regardless of PD-L1 expression. The study found a median overall survival of 25 months for nivolumab-treated patients compared to 19.6 months for those treated with everolimus.
A recent study by Virginia Tech researchers found that nearly half of endangered social carnivores were threatened by disease, compared to 3% of solitary carnivores. The team will investigate the interaction between sociality and infectious disease in highly social species, such as the banded mongoose.
A study of 1,298 NFL coaches found that junior coaches with connections to highly reputable head coaches are more likely to receive promotions. However, these connections do not lead to superior career outcomes in the long term, and instead favor those who missed out on initial advantages but excelled through merit.
A Washington State University study links US political polarization to the deregulation of television news following the 1996 Telecommunications Act. The researchers found that increased use of TV news is associated with higher levels of polarization, highlighting the role of media consolidation in perpetuating partisan divisions.
Researchers replicate previous finding on how the brain processes music using a naturalistic free listening context, demonstrating reliable results and ecologically valid findings. The study fine-tunes previous findings, concluding which brain areas are involved in processing different musical elements.
A study by Chalmers University of Technology and partners analyzed EU and US vehicle safety standards. EU-regulated vehicles offered reduced risk of serious injury in frontal/side crashes, while US-regulated vehicles provided a lower risk of injury in rollovers.
Scientists have identified 500 novel membrane proteins that play a critical role in normal heart function and may help uncover new information about heart failure and arrhythmias. The research focuses on protein Tmem65, which regulates communication between cardiac contractile cells.
Typhoon Dujuan's large eye was visible from space after strengthening into a typhoon. The storm's eye is about 25 nautical miles wide and is expected to track just north of Ishigakijima Island, Japan on September 27.
Researchers studying 2-million-year-old human fossils from South Africa found that early hominins had hearing patterns resembling those of chimpanzees, but with slight variations. The discovery suggests that early humans may have had better hearing in certain frequency ranges than other primates.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a new type of nuclear fusion process that produces almost no neutrons, instead releasing fast and heavy electrons. This allows for the creation of smaller and simpler fusion reactors with instant electrical energy production.
Researchers have developed a reliable method to trace viral evolution, supporting the hypothesis that viruses are alive and share a long evolutionary history with cells. The study found that viruses possess unique genetic sequences and protein folds that are unlike anything seen in cells.
Researchers believe that tick spit proteins, such as alpha-gal, can cause severe allergic reactions in humans. A vaccine could be created to target these proteins, potentially providing protection against tick bite allergies.
A new study by UConn Health psychiatrist Golda Ginsburg found that family-based intervention works to prevent anxiety in children. The study, published online September 25 in The American Journal of Psychiatry, found only 9% of children who participated in a therapist-directed family intervention developed anxiety after one year.
The EUROCARE 5 study shows significant geographical variations in survival from blood cancers in Europe, with the highest five-year relative survival rate for Hodgkin lymphoma at 81% in Northern European countries. In contrast, chronic myeloid leukemia had a significantly lower survival rate of 53%, particularly in Eastern Europe.
A new scorecard reveals that many countries have made little progress in reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCD). The majority of low- and middle-income countries struggle with risk factors such as tobacco use, poor diet, and physical inactivity. Countries also fare poorly in researching local responses to NCDs.
A new study reveals that Millennials are not a monolithic group, but rather four distinct types with different information consumption habits. The study identifies key characteristics of each group, including their age, interests, and media use.
A field experiment with over 30,000 customers found that multichannel shopping generates higher profits for companies compared to single-channel purchases. The study identified a key marketing campaign that induces customers to use multiple channels without relying on financial incentives.
Patients with advanced throat cancer who underwent primary surgery had significantly higher overall survival rates compared to those who did not. The study found that radical surgery improved survival in both oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers, with notable benefits for patients with stage III and IVa disease.
Researchers identified a mutated POT1 gene in families with multiple tumors, including cardiac angiosarcoma. The finding opens up the possibility of early diagnosis and treatment for family members.
Researchers at ORNL have created flexible polymer carbon composite films as electrodes for supercapacitors, achieving high power and energy density. The technology can consume up to 50 tons of scrap tires daily, providing relief from the expected 1.5 billion discarded tires by 2035.
A team at University of California - Santa Cruz developed chip-based technology for reliable Ebola detection, combining microfluidic and optofluidic chips. The system achieved comparable sensitivity to PCR analysis with excellent specificity.
Researchers used microalgae to remove noxious chemicals from Chevron oil refinery wastewater, achieving 90% ammonia-nitrogen and 97% phosphorus removal. The process also produced a wealth of algae-based biomass for bioenergy and biobased chemical production.
Researchers found significant environmental and public-health benefits from co-firing oat hulls with coal, including 90% reduction in filterable particulate matter. Burning oat hulls also reduced hazardous air pollutants by 41% and heavy metals by 51%.
A novel protein has been identified as a key player in preventing bowel inflammation, which is a major cause of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The discovery could lead to the development of targeted therapies for these conditions.
The Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis at Mainz University Medical Center has been awarded €25 million in funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The center will focus on translational research to improve treatments for thrombosis-related disorders.
GPM measured rainfall rates at 122 mm/h, revealing intense rain showers and storm tops reaching 15 km. The tropical depression turned northwest late on September 25, with expected weakening over the next two days.
Researchers have found that artificially selected microbiomes can improve plant growth in genetically identical plants. This method of root microbiome engineering uses bacteria from the roots of large plants and transfers them to other plants, leading to improved growth over time.
Results from the METEOR trial show that cabozantinib improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced clear cell kidney cancer, with a median progression-free survival of 7.4 months compared to 3.8 months for everolimus.
Seventy-five years after the start of the WWII Blitz, Herbert Mason's portrait of St. Paul's Cathedral stands as an enduring symbol of Britain's resilience amidst destruction. The iconic image has been widely reproduced and continues to have a lasting impact on visual shorthand for momentous events.
Scientists discovered that cannabinoid receptors in the brain exclusively control aversive memories, excluding neutral and positive ones. This finding has significant implications for treating diseases associated with emotional processes like depression and anxiety.
Researchers have successfully simulated chiral edge states in a quantum system using ultracold ytterbium atoms. The experiment demonstrates the ability to observe chiral currents at the boundaries of two-dimensional materials, similar to those observed in condensed matter physics.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated a significant median overall survival benefit with nivolumab, increasing it to 25 months compared to 19.6 months for everolimus. The study also showed a higher objective response rate and fewer treatment-related adverse events with nivolumab.
Researchers have solved the mystery of black rice's origin and spread, revealing a genetic basis for its color. The trait arose due to a rearrangement in a gene called Kala4, which activates anthocyanin production, and was later transferred into other varieties through crossbreeding.
Research shows that a diet containing dried plums can positively affect microbiota in the colon, potentially reducing the risk of colon cancer. The study found increased Bacteroidetes and reduced Firmicutes in the distal colon, as well as reduced aberrant crypts and precancerous lesions.
Researchers discovered massive dead galaxies with stellar content similar to local elliptical galaxies, revealing the formation and evolution of massive galaxies. The team found progenitors of these dead galaxies when they were forming stars at an earlier cosmic epoch, uncovering a consistent picture of galaxy history.
A Cardiff University team developed an intelligent system to detect malicious links disguised in shortened URLs on Twitter, identifying cyber-attacks within 30 seconds with 98% accuracy. The system was tested using tweets from high-traffic events and showed promise in preventing malware infections.
A new study suggests that a diabetes medication could be used to treat alcohol dependence, with results showing a 30-40% reduction in consumption and prevention of relapse. The medication works by interfering with the hormone GLP-1, which regulates food intake and reward centers.
The University of California, Santa Barbara, has been awarded a $2.6 million grant from the US Department of Education to strengthen student success and retention. The grant will focus on two main areas: first-year experiences and faculty professional development, targeting underrepresented students in specific majors and courses.
A recent University of Eastern Finland and Cranfield University study found that goal congruence, not power symmetry, drives the development of trust in business-to-business relationships. This finding has implications for companies seeking to establish successful partnerships across different types and sizes of organizations.
A study by Aalto University researchers found that large corporations use methods to downplay the harm caused by a scandal, shift blame and distract attention. Volkswagen's response is under scrutiny as it tries to 'heap blame' on individuals rather than addressing root causes of the issue.
Albert D. Kim, a postdoctoral fellow at the Keck School of Medicine of USC, has received the first Hearst Fellowship for his work on turning stem cells into nephrons, the functional units of the kidney. He aims to isolate and generate kidney progenitor cells to repair damaged adult kidneys.