Hokkaido University researchers have identified a key enzyme involved in chlorophyll degradation and the formation of autumn colors. By understanding this process, scientists may uncover novel mechanisms for photosynthesis and discover new enzymes with potential applications.
A new robotic technique developed by Georgia Tech researchers enables the reuse of pipettes in patch-clamping, a method used to record signals from brain cells. The technique has been shown to produce results comparable to those obtained with fresh pipettes and holds promise for accelerating neuroscience research.
A Queensland University of Technology researcher found that the food industry has more access points to policymakers than nutrition professionals, giving it greater influence over policy. To address this, experts recommend policies like sugar-sweetened beverage taxes and mandatory front-of-pack labeling.
Scientists found that the mechanism of splitting disulphide bonds under tensile stress changes depending on bond strength, making it harder to interpret experimental data. Quantum mechanical simulations revealed complex interactions with surrounding water molecules.
Hurricane Seymour rapidly intensified into a Category 3 hurricane, with maximum sustained winds near 115 mph and higher gusts. The storm's small eye is located approximately 565 miles south-southwest of Baja California, Mexico.
Researchers Srinivasan Vijayaraghavan and Doug Kline will study cellular mechanisms regulating sperm and egg formation, aiming to improve fertility treatments. They hope to understand protein interactions and cellular processes that make fertilization successful, leading to better outcomes for assisted reproductive programs.
Researchers at Indiana University have discovered a connection between the genetic mechanisms that trigger Ewing's sarcoma and prostate cancer. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for patients with both diseases.
A study by Michigan State University found that many children enter kindergarten unprepared for self-regulation, a critical skill for academic success. Around 20% of preschoolers showed little improvement in self-control, leaving them behind their peers.
A study on carpenter ants found that social information can override an individual's assessment of a food source as toxic. Ants will collect toxic food if it is associated with a familiar odor, despite their own evaluation of its toxicity.
Researchers have developed a method to create glass fibers with single-crystal silicon-germanium cores using laser recrystallization. This process enables the creation of functional materials for faster transistors and expands the capabilities of endoscopes.
Researchers presented initial results from the upgraded NSTX-U facility, doubling magnetic field strength and plasma current. Key findings include surpassing predecessor's maximum magnetic field strength and reducing turbulence through heating power.
A study by UC Davis researchers found that terminally ill cancer patients who undergo surgery experience longer hospital stays, readmissions, and discharge to extended care facilities. The study emphasizes the importance of discussing risks and benefits with patients before proposing surgery.
Two new studies by UCI and NASA researchers found the fastest rates of glacier retreat ever observed in West Antarctica, shedding light on the interaction between ocean conditions and bedrock beneath glaciers. The studies provide crucial data for predicting future Antarctica ice loss and global sea level rise.
A better diet is associated with an increase in the middle class, leading to economic and political independence and fostering democratic values. Improved nutrition precedes democracy, contrary to conventional wisdom, and has a higher correlation with democratization than income growth and trade liberalization.
Runlin Gao, MD, is being honored with the TCT Career Achievement Award for his groundbreaking work in establishing interventional cardiology in China. He has made significant contributions to the field through his research and education efforts.
A new study from the University of Missouri suggests that co-parenting concerns differ by gender, impacting parents' ability to work together. The study found that fathers' parenting behaviors are most affected by financial and legal concerns, while mothers' co-parenting is influenced by concerns about their ex-spouse's mental instabil...
A study suggests combining dental and medical procedures during general anesthesia can improve patient safety, reduce costs, and increase patient satisfaction. Nearly 87% of children who underwent combined procedures experienced no complications, with an average savings of $165,000 per case.
Researchers at Disney Research have found a way to reduce the time and effort required to train facial performance capture systems. By using synthetic data generated from a small sample of recordings, they were able to determine a set of training data that was tens to hundreds of times smaller than normal without affecting accuracy. Th...
Researchers found that unconscious increases in arousal affect participants' confidence in their visual decisions. This effect is counteracted by artificially increased arousal, suggesting a complex relationship between conscious introspection and physiological states.
A UBC study found that 50% of smoker statements during counselling sessions have nothing to do with quitting tobacco. Counsellors mostly discuss medical aids like smoking cessation drugs and nicotine patches.
A CSIC study is using genetic sequencing to identify new bacterial regulators that can be used to design compounds to manipulate bacterial processes. This research aims to develop new antimicrobials to fight against infections.
A research team has solved the three-dimensional structure of PrimPol, a key protein that helps damaged cellular DNA repair itself. The knowledge gained from this study will likely aid in designing anti-cancer agents.
A team of scientists has determined a more precise version of the second law of thermodynamics and applied it to small quantum systems. The study found that violations of the law are rare, but can occur with significant probability in small quantum objects.
Children develop IgE-antibodies to specific dust mite molecules early in life, often before disease onset, with 'molecular spreading' increasing risk of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Early sensitization and parental hay fever are key risk factors.
Research reveals that prior social associations during food search carry over into shaping breeding locations and future environmental conditions for wild great tits. Spatial structure during breeding is underpinned by these social connections, which can have population-level effects.
NTRX-07 targets cause of Alzheimer's disease, reducing inflammation and preserving neurons. The new drug improves removal of abnormal amyloid plaques, memory performance, and cognitive skills in mice.
A novel approach to analyzing brain structure shape reveals structural asymmetries that vary among individuals, increasing with disease severity. This technique, BrainPrint, may predict disease progression and allow early detection of dementia.
Researchers have developed a new 3-D printed device that can harness high-pressure ultrasound to manipulate tiny objects like particles, drops or biological tissue. This control enables precise applications in surgery, material analysis and scientific research.
Metallic glasses have the potential to revolutionize many commercial applications due to their toughness and hardness. The researchers uncovered the mechanism by which fivefold symmetry inhibits crystallisation, making it an important step in developing metallic glasses for various applications.
A study found that long-duration spaceflight weakens the muscles supporting the spine, leading to increased back pain and disc disease. Researchers suggest exercise countermeasures like core-strengthening exercises and yoga may help prevent muscle atrophy and improve spinal function.
Rettsyndrome.org designates 14 US clinics as Clinical Research Centers of Excellence, fostering comprehensive care and partnering with families and healthcare providers. These centers accelerate research and treatment, providing critical support for individuals with Rett syndrome.
Research at Ohio State University found that powerful individuals become more indecisive when torn between two equally good or bad choices, taking longer to make a decision. This effect is particularly pronounced for those who feel powerful and ambivalent about an issue.
Using a high-throughput cell-editing platform, researchers have successfully mutated genes in human immune cells to make them resistant to HIV infection. The new system enables the rapid testing of gene mutations that confer resistance, which could potentially accelerate the quest for an HIV cure.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have fabricated and manipulated Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in an optical simulator, supporting non-Abelian statistics. The study provides a novel platform to investigate MZM properties and topological quantum computation.
Two studies by UCI and NASA found the fastest rates of glacier retreat in West Antarctica, offering insights into ice melting and its impact on global sea level rise. The researchers used satellite data to measure changes in glacier grounding lines, revealing significant ice loss at the bottom of glaciers.
A study using MRI found significant structural differences in the brains of children with PTSD compared to those without. The findings suggest a shift towards a more localized network structure, which may be a target for future treatments. This research could help develop new interventions for pediatric PTSD.
Activating dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the brain causes active emergence from general anesthesia. This could lead to faster recovery times and reduced side effects for patients. The researchers are now conducting further experiments to confirm these findings and develop a new treatment.
A VIB and Ghent University research team has identified key genes that enable plants to respond to drought stress. These core genes play a pivotal role in a plant's defense mechanism against drought, allowing for advanced breeding and genome engineering efforts to create drought-tolerant crop plants.
The Geoffrey O. Hartzler Master Clinical Operator Award is presented to Dr. Patrick Whitlow, a renowned physician who advanced the field of interventional cardiology through his technical expertise and innovations. He was a pioneer in developing new devices and procedures for angioplasty and chronic total occlusions.
Researchers have developed a bio-inspired lower-limb exoskeleton that features natural knee movement, improving patients' comfort and willingness to wear it for gait rehab. The exoskeleton is designed to help strengthen physical fitness, aid rehabilitation training, and assist with daily activities.
Researchers found that a manufactured version of progranulin reverses most effects of Gaucher's disease in mouse and human cell studies, including GBA accumulation. Progranulin must bind to other molecules to transport the enzyme to lysosomes.
Researchers discover first direct evidence of hoary bats going into torpor, or hibernation, in California's redwood forests. The study suggests that the bats' roosting habitat may be the key to understanding why they hibernate despite being migratory species.
Researchers in Mainz develop a novel method to benchmark and improve the performance of protein measurement techniques, ensuring consistent results across various analysis software packages. This breakthrough enables widespread adoption of mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics for disease diagnosis and research.
Recent genomic study provides evidence that land bridges likely connected the Americas millions of years earlier than previously thought. Army ants were chosen for their unique biology, which allowed researchers to rule out aerial and aquatic dispersal when studying colonization of Central America.
STAT2, a protein associated with viral infections, also inhibits cell growth and regulates cellular processes. This discovery offers insights into overcoming limitations of interferon therapies and developing novel tools for studying STAT2 functionality.
Cassava is a crucial crop for 110% growth in global food demand, with potential for yield improvement through boosting sunlight conversion. Researchers are urging more research to address climate change and sustain yields.
A large international study led by McMaster University researchers found that low-intensity ultrasound treatment after surgical repair of a bone fracture has no effect on recovery time or quality of life. The study involved 501 patients and showed that using either an active or placebo device did not improve outcomes.
A study published by The North American Menopause Society found that low-dose estrogen therapy reduced moderate to severe hot flashes and night sweats by 28.3%, 7.4% and 4.2% respectively after 6 months, with sustained improvement over 4 years.
A research team led by the University of Pittsburgh is using brain tissue samples and computational mechanics to identify biomarkers of wall fragility and develop new treatments to prevent rupture. The goal is to improve risk assessment and treatment options for patients with cerebral aneurysms.
The USPSTF recommends providing interventions to support breastfeeding, which can increase duration and rates of breastfeeding. However, nearly half of mothers in the US stop breastfeeding by 6 months, with disparities among younger mothers and disadvantaged communities.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that some fish species, like the Winter Skate, are adapting to warmer oceans through epigenetic changes rather than genetic evolution. This allows them to cope with changing environmental conditions and may be vital for their survival in the face of climate change.
Researchers found that supersonic solitary waves in nano-electronics crystals can be used for electric charge or matter transport and energy storage with extremely low heat dissipation. These localized excitations could lead to the development of transistors without silicon, revolutionizing the field of nano-electronics.
The Fukushima Nuclear Power Station accident in Japan 2011 had significant societal impacts and raised questions about risk management. The article compares Fukushima to the 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in Ukraine, highlighting key differences and similarities.
A Lund University research team identified high levels of reactive oxygen species in newly generated blood stem cells from pluripotent stem cells, damaging their function. The researchers developed a cocktail to reduce oxidative damage, resulting in over twenty times more blood stem cells that could grow.
Researchers found microbes consuming fracking fluid, creating new compounds that support microbial communities below ground. The study provides insight into the complex interactions among microbes and their role in shaping the planet's environment.
Scientists have sequenced the entire genome of Xenopus laevis, an African clawed frog that inherited two sets of chromosomes from different species. The study provides insights into vertebrate evolution and sheds light on how tetraploidy emerged in animals.
A new study by the University of Missouri identifies effective ways for states to partner and share resources to boost renewable energy production through woody biomass. By working together, states can maximize energy output and reduce carbon emissions, providing policymakers with flexible options for meeting emission reduction targets.
The university has received a $6 million grant from the Paso del Norte Health Foundation to support its new dental school. The school will focus on service education, providing hands-on experiences for students to apply their knowledge and skills in real-world settings while serving underserved communities.
The book explores special functions series and convergence in complex plane, useful for pure mathematicians, applied scientists, and engineers. It provides a unified approach to analyzing enumerable families of Bessel and Mittag-Leffler functions and their generalizations.
Scientists have discovered a metabolic fingerprint in feces that matches changes in tumor tissues, suggesting a potential new diagnostic tool for early detection of colorectal cancer. The method uses ultrasensitive technology to identify molecules in the feces of mice and humans, with promising results for noninvasive testing.