A study published in Nature Quantum Materials suggests that observing a flow of energy or particles can alter its direction, defying classical thermodynamics. Researchers propose new strategies for designing quantum transport devices with direction control.
A new study by Cleveland Clinic researchers has found a significant link between bacterial imbalances and breast cancer, with healthy breast tissue containing more of the bacterial species Methylobacterium. The study's findings could lead to new perspectives in the battle against breast cancer.
Architectural historians at the University of York have reconstructed the first dedicated House of Commons chamber using 3D visualization technology. The project has brought St Stephen's Chapel back to life, revealing parallels between 16th-century political debate and modern-day discussions.
According to the nTIDE September 2017 jobs report, Americans with disabilities have seen a significant increase in employment-to-population ratio, rising from 28.0% in September 2016 to 30.4% in September 2017. The labor force participation rate also increased for working-age people with disabilities.
Researchers develop magnet-free non-reciprocal components on silicon chips for millimeter-wave frequencies, enabling full-duplex wireless communications, high-speed data transfer for self-driving cars and virtual reality, and transforming 5G networks.
A new telescope attachment using custom beam-shaping diffusers enables highly precise ground-based observations of exoplanets. The technology minimizes distortions caused by the Earth's atmosphere, allowing for stable and smooth images that are essential for maximizing precision in measurements.
Two new studies evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy (LNSCT) in treating Barrett's esophagus. ESD was found to have high en-bloc and curative resection rates, while LNSCT showed long-term efficacy in eliminating dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia.
A study from the University of Pennsylvania reveals how defective viral genomes can help infected cells survive despite an immune system attack. The researchers discovered that signaling proteins encoded by these genomes protect infected cells from apoptosis, enabling them to persist in the face of an antiviral response.
Researchers from the University of Liverpool have made a significant breakthrough in converting carbon dioxide and methane into liquid fuels and chemicals. The new process uses non-thermal plasma synthesis to achieve high selectivity at room temperature, producing valuable chemical feedstocks.
A new study using DNA metabarcoding technology is helping to improve the monitoring of Canada's vital boreal forest. The approach enables quick and accurate detection of aquatic organisms, providing valuable insights into ecosystem health.
Scientists have discovered a new type of rare molecules whose properties can be controlled by changing an external magnetic field. These paramagnetic molecules, part of the porphyrin class, are closely related to photosynthesis and respiration in living organisms.
Researchers have successfully modelled electrons under extreme temperatures and densities, providing new insights into fusion experiments and potentially leading to a clean source of energy. The study solves a decades-old problem in physics by accurately simulating the thermodynamic properties of interacting electrons.
Researchers are developing a 'lab-on-a-chip' platform to study cellular communication in bone remodeling, aiming to improve our understanding of bone health and disease. The platform could also be used to test medications meant to halt bone loss, offering a potential solution for osteoporosis and related conditions.
A large-scale Canadian study found that nearly one percent of the population has elevated antibodies indicating celiac disease. Despite a strong genetic link to Caucasians, South Asian individuals were surprisingly affected by a specific genetic variant, suggesting other factors may play a role in who develops the disease.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution are developing tools and technology for mass production of seaweed for biofuels and chemicals. A breeding program and monitoring system will be created to improve efficiency and reduce environmental impact.
Jessica Blackburn, a University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center researcher, has received a $1.5 million NIH New Innovator Award to study leukemia relapse in zebrafish models and patient samples.
A study found that antibiotics prescribed by dentists may contribute to Clostridium difficile infections, a serious and potentially deadly infection. The research highlights the importance of using antibiotics only when needed and notes that many unnecessary prescriptions are likely.
A new study found that sustained cannabis use is associated with an increase in violent behavior in young people after discharge from a psychiatric hospital. Chronic cannabis use also leads to deficits in the prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain that inhibits impulsive behavior.
Researchers identify DLX5 gene as key player in preeclampsia, a complex disease affecting 4% of pregnancies. An in vitro model demonstrates the disorder's dysregulation and opens door to new treatments.
Researchers found a direct connection between deletions in two genes in the 16p11.2 region of human chromosome 16 and certain brain and body traits, including seizures, hyperactivity, and obesity. The study suggests that multiple genes interact to produce various characteristics.
Researchers developed a method to predict parasitism rates using interaction preferences, allowing for efficient prediction without extensive field data. The approach was tested in three countries and found consistent patterns, enabling the design of models that capture systematic shifts in interaction preferences.
New technologies like Scintillometer and Eddy Covariance can estimate water requirements for crops with higher accuracy. A new system called Cosmic-ray Soil Moisture Observation System also determines optimal water application amounts.
A new study found that white-tailed deer prefer native plants to invasive species like garlic mustard and Japanese stiltgrass. This leads to a decrease in native plant diversity and an increase in non-native species, altering forest ecosystems.
The Philadelphia Pediatric Medical Device Consortium has awarded $50,000 in seed grants to Voxello and InfraScan for developing speech-generating systems and handheld scanners for detecting intracranial bleeding in children.
A new study from the University of Edinburgh found that lifestyle factors such as diet and activity levels have a major impact on regional obesity rates in Scotland. By addressing these factors, public health initiatives can help narrow the health divide between regions.
Researchers found that a protein named ZATT can eliminate DPCs with the help of another protein TDP2. Understanding how TDP2 and ZATT work together may improve cancer patient health outcomes. The discovery could lead to development of new drugs targeting these defenses.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering have developed a new type of microlaser that uses gold nanoparticles to improve frequency comb technology. This innovation enables the creation of smaller, more efficient systems for applications such as portable chemical spectroscopy and cybersecurity.
PrEP prescriptions increased by 976% in NYC between 2014 and 2016, but men of color, women, and those outside city centers were less likely to receive the HIV prevention medication. Many medical students and healthcare providers remain unaware of PrEP's benefits, highlighting the need for education and outreach programs.
Researchers have developed an asymmetric sound absorber that can absorb sound energy while allowing light and air to pass through. The system uses a two-port design with a waveguide, enabling near-total absorption of sound energy from outside the room.
A recent study in the Journal of Applied Volcanology analyzed volcanic fatalities in unprecedented detail, identifying common causes and victims. The research found that nearly half of all fatal incidents occurred within 10 km of volcanoes, with tourists, media, and emergency response personnel being among the most at-risk groups.
Researchers at UC Berkeley are building a new MRI brain scanner with improved resolution, allowing them to image functional regions in the cortex and connect individual neurons. The new scanner will enable studies of human brain function and circuitry on a finer scale.
NICT achieved a world record for 53.3 Tb/s optical switching capacity in short-reach data-center networks using SDM and a high-speed spatial optical switch system. This breakthrough enables significant network efficiency improvements and reduced end-to-end energy consumption per bit compared to existing technologies.
Researchers in Brazil are testing a technique combining low-intensity electric current with nanoencapsulated chemotherapy to treat skin cancer. The study found that topical application combined with iontophoresis resulted in a significantly greater reduction in tumor size and made the tumor less aggressive.
The study found that neurons on the upper-layer cerebral cortex play a crucial role in gyrus formation, and that Cdk5 is an important gene involved in this process. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding of brain evolution and development, as well as new treatments for diseases caused by gyrus impairment.
A novel textile material called Surfaceskins has been developed to reduce hospital-acquired infections by disinfecting itself. The device can reduce bacteria levels by more than 90% and is designed to be replaced after seven days or one thousand uses.
A recent study by Tal Danino at the Data Science Institute demonstrates that bacteria in pancreatic tumors degrade a chemotherapy drug, Gemcitabine. The study found that antibiotics were effective in killing these bacteria in over 70% of mice, leading to rapid tumor progression without treatment.
Heavy rainfall is expected to occur over a wide area, including locations well away from the center, along the Pacific coast of Central America. The tropical cyclone is forecast to strengthen as it moves over the Gulf of Mexico, threatening coastal areas from Louisiana through the Florida panhandle.
A 26-year study has revealed a cyclical response between soil warming and carbon release, suggesting a self-reinforcing feedback loop that could exacerbate global warming. The study found that warmed soils experienced periods of abundant carbon release, alternating with periods of no detectable loss in soil carbon stores.
A new study by the University of Exeter found that assessments of heroism and daring often focus on traditionally masculine behavior. However, when less stereotypical criteria are used, women and men rate themselves as equally likely to take risks. The research also highlights the importance of considering gender differences in risk-ta...
Researchers used genetic sequencing to confirm that Ball's Pyramid stick insects are the same species as Lord Howe Island's, making them officially resurrected. The discovery provides hope for reintroducing the insect into its native home on Lord Howe Island.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings has found that individuals with lower serum calcium levels are more likely to experience sudden cardiac arrest. The research, which analyzed data from over 200 SCA cases and 445 control subjects, suggests that even normal-range serum calcium levels may pose a risk for SCA.
Researchers found that reading stories triggers unique patterns of brain activation, regardless of language or cultural origin. This study suggests exposure to narrative storytelling can have a widespread effect on triggering better self-awareness and empathy for others.
New research explains why mTOR inhibitors can't fully eliminate cancer cells. The drugs target a cell regulator called mTOR, which controls mitochondrial structure and function, ultimately protecting cells from death.
A novel PET tracer, 6"-18F-fluoromaltotriose, has been developed to identify most bacterial infections. The agent is a derivative of maltose and targets the maltodextrin transporter in bacteria, allowing for non-invasive detection and monitoring of antibiotic therapy.
Scientists discovered a network of neurons in bees' brains that integrates direction and distance changes, enabling them to return home. A detailed computer model was developed based on this research, which could lead to new algorithms for autonomous robots.
A study reveals that lab researchers should engage with industry counterparts to better understand the needs and challenges of real-world applications. This approach helped researchers adjust their focus and develop a potentially more useful set of applications for their work. By bridging the gap between research and commercialization,...
Research by University of Nottingham academics reveals common areas causing concern for both individuals with hearing loss and their loved ones, including communication difficulties, emotional strain, and social isolation. The study emphasizes the importance of involving partners and family members in rehabilitation plans to ease the p...
The Conservation Finance Alliance has received a major funding award of €701,114 (US$822,315) to support its work in promoting sustainable financing solutions for biodiversity conservation. The funding will be used to hire a full-time Executive Director and build the network's capacity for administration and fundraising.
A UMass Lowell professor is leading a research study on the ethical dilemmas posed by autonomous vehicles. The team aims to develop decision-making algorithms that balance individual rights with societal welfare. They will also investigate cybersecurity and privacy concerns related to self-driving cars.
A GW School of Medicine researcher is leading a five-year study on how cocaine affects HIV replication and transcription. The goal is to identify biomarkers for cocaine use and develop therapeutics for cocaine-using HIV-infected individuals.
Exposure to fine particulate matter and black carbon during daily commutes to school impairs children's cognitive development, according to a new study. The study found an association between air pollution exposure and reduced growth of working memory, with boys being more sensitive than girls.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports has shown that the Nanopatch, a microscopic vaccine delivery platform, is more effective at combating poliovirus than traditional needles and syringes. This breakthrough has significant implications for the eradication of polio, a disease responsible for tens of millions of cases worldwide.
Researchers at ETH Zurich found that supervolcano magma chambers contain a mixture of liquid and crystalline magma. The chambers may exhibit a sponge-like texture, with a mesh structure of crystallised rock and pores containing molten material.
A global sampling of honey found 75% contaminated with neonicotinoid pesticides, a key factor in the global decline of pollinators, particularly bees. The study's findings suggest that chronic exposure to these pesticides may have detrimental effects on bee populations.
A team of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital has made a technological advancement toward accelerating the discovery of drug targets for obesity, type II diabetes and other metabolic diseases. They utilized rodent gastric bypass models, state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and an array of bioinformatics tools to begin unravelin...
Researchers identified a mutated gene in budgies that synthesizes the bird's yellow pigments. The findings could be applied to many parrots around the world and shed light on the evolutionary change that led to their brilliant colors.
A combination of pathogen-specific, platform-based, and prototype-pathogen approaches is crucial for effective pandemic preparedness. These methods enable rapid deployment of diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines to stop outbreaks in their tracks.
A large twin study suggests that genetic factors contribute to nearly 80% of schizophrenia risk. Researchers used a new statistical approach to estimate heritability and found a similar result when considering related disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki identified a genetic variation associated with damage caused by maternal alcohol consumption. The study found that this variation affects epigenetic marks on placentas and newborn head size, depending on inherited genetic factors.
A team of scientists explored links between climate effects and two health outcome indicators: malnutrition and low birth weights. Their models indicate that vulnerable areas may see more malnourished children and lower birth weights due to warming and drying, but positive development trends can mitigate these effects.