A team of scientists analyzed nearly 30 years of revenue and permitting records for Alaskan fishers, showing that those who purchased multiple permits had significantly less income variability. The researchers found that diversifying one's catch can lead to more stable income for fishers.
A team of researchers has successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of a hybrid process called photo-electro-Fenton (PEF) in removing low concentrations of atrazine and its by-products from surface water. The study showed that over 99% of atrazine was eliminated after just 15 minutes of treatment.
Researchers have reported a new type of quantum oscillation in graphene superlattices, observable at high temperature and on the mesoscale. This phenomenon sheds light on Hofstadter's butterfly and enables tuning of electronic materials properties.
A new study from Penn State found that more educated individuals are early adopters of risky behaviors and set trends for others to follow. However, once informed about the health risks, they quickly adjust their habits, making them potential trendsetters for positive change.
A global synthesis study led by Rutgers University professor Ying Fan Reinfelder shows strong links between root depth and local soil and water conditions. Plants adapt to droughts by shifting to wetter environments through seed dispersal.
The American College of Physicians opposes the legalization of physician-assisted suicide, citing ethical concerns and a focus on improving hospice and palliative care. The organization recommends 12 steps for physicians to provide compassionate supportive care to patients nearing the end of life.
Scientists at Oregon State University developed a new assay to study the otoferlin protein, essential for hearing. They found a truncated version of otoferlin that can function in sound encoding and validated a method for characterizing large membrane proteins.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt develop a new mechanism to channel metabolism in baker's yeast, enabling direct delivery of raw materials to desired enzymes. This approach improves sugar conversion into ethanol while minimizing unwanted by-products.
Researchers found that preemergence weed control in fall or early February is crucial to address kochia emergence and seed production. Effective methods include cover crops, tillage, and stale seedbed techniques.
Researchers knocked out a control gene in seven different butterfly species using CRISPR technology, showing that a single gene influences the diversity of wing patterns. The study reveals unexpected ways in which this gene affects wing pattern, providing insights into the evolutionary origins of biodiversity.
A new study uses gene transfer to block the expression of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol, leading to increased acetaldehyde levels and potential treatment for alcoholism. The approach has strong proof-of-concept data and bodes well for future development of a genetic therapy.
Researchers describe three cases of eyeworm infection in UK dogs with recent travel to mainland Europe. The parasite, Thelazia callipaeda, is found in fruit flies and can infect dogs, cats, and humans, posing a significant threat to the UK canine population.
Scientists at MIT and their collaborators have developed a new approach to ultrafast light pulses by coupling molecular aggregates with thin layers of metals like silver. This enhancement increases the material's response time tenfold, making it suitable for applications in photonic chips and signal processing.
Researchers will combine personalized music choices with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to improve memory among patients with MCI. The study aims to strengthen the brain pathway used by music to activate memories and slow down memory decline.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of Hurricane Otis showing a unique pinhole eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms. The storm's wind field is extremely compact, with hurricane-force winds extending only 25 miles from the center.
Researchers from the University of Oxford and international partners found that achieving the Paris Agreement's goal of 1.5°C global warming requires more ambitious emission cuts than initially estimated. The study suggests that limiting total CO2 emissions to below 240 billion tonnes could achieve this goal.
A US-based research team has demonstrated optical and electrical bistability for switching in a single transistor, offering potential solutions to the bandwidth limitations of electronic computers. The study showcases the control of transistor laser electrical and optical bistabilities by base current and collector voltage.
Scientists have devised a way to intercept exosomes from blood using microfluidics and sound waves, which can be used to diagnose problems like cancer or fetal abnormalities. The new device analyzes patient blood samples for rapid diagnosis in under 25 minutes.
A recent analysis of published studies suggests that transradial catheterization can cause persistent damage to the radial artery's cells, persisting for several months after the procedure. Researchers emphasize the need for caution and explore novel techniques to minimize local arterial injury during radial catheterization.
Researchers at NUS combine artemisinin, an anti-malarial drug, with Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA), a photosensitiser, to enhance its anti-cancer properties. This novel combination therapy kills colorectal cancer cells and suppresses tumour growth with fewer side effects.
A University of Missouri study found that horses working in therapeutic riding programs exhibit low physiological and behavioral stress responses. The study suggests that these programs can provide a new lease on life for retired or unwanted horses.
Research by Gita Johar and colleagues found that people fact-check less when they perceive others are present. In group settings, participants flagged 35% fewer statements for later fact-checking on simulated news sites compared to individual settings.
The University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic Lymphoma SPORE is one of the nation's longest-standing programs, funded for five years at $12.4 million. The team conducts translational and clinical studies to develop new approaches to lymphoma prevention, detection, and treatment.
Scientists have mapped genes turned on and off in sheep tissues, shedding light on immunity and meat quality. The findings provide a major step towards understanding how genetic information influences physical traits.
Scientists have discovered correlated flow of particles emerging from even the lowest energy collisions at RHIC, exhibiting behavior associated with quark-gluon plasma formation. The findings suggest that these small-scale collisions might be producing tiny, short-lived specks of matter mimicking the early universe.
Researchers at NREL are developing nickel-based coatings to mitigate corrosion levels in CSP plants, which could improve system efficiency and extend lifespan. The coatings have shown a 96% reduction in corrosion rate compared to uncoated steel, with potential applications in thermal storage and heat-transfer fluid.
Scientists have identified a metabolic pathway that governs the loss of the human heart's ability to regenerate tissue. This discovery could potentially lead to the development of drugs to reactivate regeneration in adult hearts, allowing them to repair muscle damage caused by heart attacks and recover full pumping capacity.
A QUT world-first study found that informal sperm donors are motivated by factors such as family, friends, and personal characteristics, with little impact from perceived risks. Donors who have previously used clinical settings also tend to donate more and generate more offspring in the informal market.
Researchers at IBS developed first 2D field-effect transistor made of single material, overcoming efficiency limits of current 3D transistors. The new technique uses a polymorphic material, molybdenum telluride (MoTe2), to produce both metal and semiconductor components with low contact resistance.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have successfully demonstrated the efficient conversion of carbon dioxide to fuels and alcohols using artificial photosynthesis. The system achieved efficiencies rivaling natural counterparts, producing ethanol and ethylene with high energy conversion rates.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new method to induce shape-changing in water-based gels using DNA molecules. By employing specific DNA sequences called 'hairpins,' they can cause a hydrogel sample to swell up to 100 times its original volume, and then halt the reaction with another DNA sequence.
A new tablet-based technology uses video monitoring to detect atrial fibrillation (afib), a condition that affects over 3 million Americans. The system, which requires no user action, will be compared to the gold standard ECG patch in a clinical trial to determine its accuracy.
Researchers have identified new hosts for Chagas Disease vectors, including tayras, monkeys, sloths, porcupines, and coatis, using DNA analysis. This discovery increases knowledge of Chagas disease transmission in rural environments and will support efforts to control the disease, particularly in poor, rural populations in South America.
Researchers achieve submilliamp threshold of 0.6 mA at near-infrared 1.3μm for micro-laser with radius of 5 μm, representing a major step towards miniaturization and low power consumption on silicon platform.
Researchers identified macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its related protein D-dopachrome tautomerase as closely related cytokines associated with progressive MS. A genetic test could identify patients at risk of developing the disease, accelerating drug development for precision medicine.
A study examining 13 transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals reveals distinct experiences that differ from those of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. The findings aim to help mental health practitioners develop effective counseling methods for TGNC clients.
Researchers discovered that alpha-synuclein, a protein involved in Parkinson's disease, blocks signals from the important brain growth factor BDNF. This 'tug of war' between alpha-synuclein and BDNF affects brain cells' survival and explains why dopamine-producing neurons are more vulnerable to degeneration.
University of Tasmania researchers found that taking a 2-week break during dieting can lead to greater weight loss and less weight regain. The study showed participants who alternated between dieting and regular eating for 30 weeks lost an average of 8 kg more than those who continued with continuous dieting.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered a way to program cells using genetic engineering, enabling them to control actions such as fighting disease. The technique uses a common molecule called RNA, which can be engineered into sequences similar to computer code to instruct cells to perform specific actions.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that hundreds of precursor cells, not just a handful, are involved in establishing the blood system before birth. This discovery has clinical implications, as understanding how the blood system emerges can help unravel the origins of disease and identify susceptible cells.
A new report suggests that public pressure can lead to policy changes on plastic pollution, such as levies on single-use plastic bags and bans on microbeads. However, experts argue that a more comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach is needed to address the root causes of the problem.
A recent study led by Massachusetts General Hospital estimates that nearly 10% of people with HIV currently in care in the US will die from lung cancer. Quitting smoking is crucial for reducing the risk of lung cancer and other diseases among people with HIV.
Research suggests that higher reward-related ventral striatum activity may protect against depressive symptoms associated with poor sleep quality. The study found that students with higher VS activity were less likely to report symptoms of depression when experiencing poor sleep quality.
Researchers at the University of Toronto discovered two genes in ants that regulate foraging behavior and impact protection provided to plants. Activating these genes increases ant aggression against herbivores, reducing damage to trees.
Researchers have found river deposits on Mars that date back over 3.5 billion years, indicating a surface environment capable of supporting liquid water. The study suggests that large fluctuations in the size of the water body forced the formation of paleo-valleys, revealing long-term stability in the controlling water body.
A new review finds that genetic evidence used in the courtroom is unlikely to reduce culpability, as judges and juries perceive defendants' genetic factors both as a mitigating factor and an increased likelihood of re-offending. This mixed perception cancels out any potential effect on blame assignment.
Dr. Hankinson aims to improve breast cancer risk prediction by analyzing blood samples from thousands of NHS participants and studying the insulin pathway. She hopes to validate new hormonal biomarkers that can help identify high-risk women who may benefit from risk reduction efforts.
Scientists discovered how cancer-fighting Natural Killer cells power up and how cholesterol-like molecules cut them off. Activated NK cells use a unique energy production system that can be disrupted by oxysterols, which may explain poor performance in patients with high cholesterol levels.
A new study reveals that endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation plays a crucial role in controlling hormone levels and systemic water balance. The research found that misfolded proteins can lead to hormone imbalance and diseases such as diabetes insipidus, highlighting the importance of protein folding and quality control.
A team of researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre has discovered a molecule that stimulates HIV replication in CD4 T cells located in the gut. They have also started testing medications to block this replication and decrease inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, which could lead to a functional cure for HIV.
Tropical Storm Lee's development was hindered by strong westerly to northwesterly vertical wind shear, pushing its thunderstorms east of its center. The storm is expected to degenerate into a remnant low on Tuesday, Sept. 19, due to continued hostile winds and dry conditions.
Researchers have discovered an enzyme that can break down cellulose fibers regardless of their crystalline structure, paving the way for commercial cellulosic biofuels. The enzyme, CelA, excels at hydrolyzing both simple and highly complex crystalline cellulose.
The study reveals an association between body size and extinction risk among vertebrate species. The results indicate that lightest vertebrates are most at risk of habitat degradation due to human activities, while the heaviest vertebrates face a higher risk of direct killing by humans.
Researchers found that female mice brain structures organize sex and aggressive behavior differently, with separate cell groups controlling each. In contrast, male mice brain circuits overlap in controlling both behaviors, suggesting a fundamental difference in brain organization between sexes.
Rutgers scientists found that eliminating an enzyme can increase risk of cancer and inflammation, while fine-tuning its activity could prevent obesity and related diseases. A balanced diet is crucial for maintaining the enzyme's balance.
Hurricane Maria strengthened into a major hurricane with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 81.6 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating heavy rainfall potential. The storm is expected to move across the Leeward Islands and approach Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
Researchers at Texas A&M AgriLife Research have discovered a long non-coding RNA that increases thale cress plants' resistance to drought and salt stress. Increasing the lncRNA's levels shows corresponding increases in drought and salt tolerance.
Researchers discovered the GREB1L gene associated with renal agenesis, a hereditary condition causing one or no kidneys. The finding enables early detection of the disorder, providing relief to families.
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have discovered a molecule that stimulates HIV replication in CD4 T cells located in the gut. By targeting this molecule, medications can significantly reduce HIV replication in undetectable patients, potentially leading to a functional cure.
A study found neuropsychiatric reactions like depression and aggression associated with montelukast in both children and adults. Clinicians should discuss potential adverse events, especially nightmares in kids, when prescribing this asthma medication.