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Science News Archive 2017 - Page 213


Page 213 of 461

How blood vessels slow down and accelerate tumor growth

Researchers have found that the Tie2 receptor on pericytes plays a crucial role in regulating blood vessel growth and maturation. By breeding mice with disabled Tie2 receptors, scientists discovered that tumor blood vessels grew faster and more aggressively without this control, highlighting potential new targets for cancer therapy.

SourceGerman Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ)·JournalNature Communications·DateJul 18, 2017

Scientists 'resurrect' ancient proteins to provide clues about molecular innovation

Researchers successfully resurrected Precambrian β-lactamases to study the emergence of primordial enzymes and explore the creation of novel active sites. The team demonstrated that ancestral protein resurrection enables the generation of new enzyme functions, overcoming current limitations in molecular biology.

SourceEuropean Synchrotron Radiation Facility·JournalNature Communications·DateJul 18, 2017

Investments in conservation easements reap benefits for Colorado

A new analysis from Colorado State University found that each dollar invested in conservation easements produces benefits ranging from $4 to $12 for Coloradans. The state's investments have conserved over 114,000 acres of priority habitat, prime farmland, and scenic byways, as well as numerous miles of streams and rivers.

SourceColorado State University·DateJul 18, 2017
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Failures in stethoscope hygiene can lead to patient infections

A quality improvement project found that healthcare providers rarely perform stethoscope hygiene between patient encounters, despite guidelines recommending disinfection. The study highlights the importance of stethoscope hygiene and its potential to transmit pathogens, including MRSA.

SourceElsevier·JournalAmerican Journal of Infection Control·DateJul 18, 2017

Sibling bonding is stronger when dad's around

A study published in Springer's Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology found that paternal half-siblings in olive baboons develop stronger bonds when their shared father is present. This challenges the long-held assumption that maternal kin dominate primate social behavior.

SourceSpringer·JournalBehavioral Ecology and Sociobiology·DateJul 18, 2017

Low-dose diazepam can increase social competitiveness

Researchers found that low-dose diazepam increased social competitiveness in high- and medium-anxious rats by boosting dopamine release and mitochondrial function. The study suggests that this mechanism could be targeted through non-pharmacological interventions.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·DateJul 18, 2017

'Golden Hour' study details earliest changes to the immune system after trauma

A new study published in PLOS Medicine reveals that changes to the immune system occur rapidly after a traumatic injury, with levels of immune cells and molecules altered within minutes. The research aims to improve outcomes for patients who have suffered trauma by identifying those at risk of developing life-threatening complications.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalPLOS Medicine·DateJul 18, 2017

Finding leaks while they're easy to fix

A new robotic system developed by MIT researchers can find even tiny leaks in water or gas pipes with high accuracy, helping to alleviate water shortages and structural damage. The system uses a small, rubbery robot that moves passively through the pipe, detecting pressure variations to locate leaks.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·DateJul 18, 2017
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

New test distinguishes Zika from similar viral infections

A new antibody-based assay developed by researchers at UC Berkeley and Humabs BioMed has shown very high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing Zika virus infections from those caused by similar viruses. The test is simple, cost-effective, and can be used to detect both recent and past Zika virus infections.

SourceUniversity of California - Berkeley·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 18, 2017

Urbanization and electricity are not to blame for sleep loss

Researchers in Mozambique found that people who live in electrified urban areas retire earlier but still get sufficient sleep, contradicting previous assumptions. The study suggests that the relationship between electricity and sleep loss is more complex than previously thought.

SourceUniversity of Surrey·JournalScientific Reports·DateJul 18, 2017
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Weight gain from early to middle adulthood may increase risk of major chronic diseases

A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health finds that cumulative weight gain over the course of early and middle adulthood may increase health risks later in life, including a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. The study suggests that even moderate weight gain can ha...

SourceHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health·JournalJAMA·DateJul 18, 2017

Analytic technique could allow neural networks to run on cellphones

Researchers have developed a method for designing energy-efficient neural networks, reducing power consumption by up to 73% compared to standard implementations. The new approach uses an analytic tool to evaluate and prune low-weight connections, resulting in more efficient networks with fewer connections.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·DateJul 18, 2017

Removing CO2 from the air required to safeguard children's future

A new study by James Hansen's team estimates that to limit global warming, we need negative emissions through technologies like carbon capture. If emissions continue high, young people may have to spend up to 500 trillion euros on CO2 extraction, but rapid phase-down of fossil fuels can achieve this at relatively low cost.

SourceEuropean Geosciences Union·JournalEarth System Dynamics·DateJul 18, 2017
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Heavy drinking during adolescence: Dire effects on the brain

Adolescent heavy drinking alters brain structures and function, resulting in reduced cognitive abilities. Research highlights the detrimental effects on memory, attention, language, and socio-emotional processing. The review emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about binge drinking risks and promoting future research.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Psychology·DateJul 18, 2017

Making lab equipment on the cheap

Neuroscientists have created a low-cost imaging and microscope system for research, training, and teaching, called FlyPi. The system uses 3D printing and open-source components to perform standard lab protocols at a fraction of the cost of commercially available solutions.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Biology·DateJul 18, 2017

Could aggressive blood pressure treatments lead to kidney damage?

Researchers identified potential kidney damage from aggressive blood pressure treatments in mice and patients with high blood pressure. The study found that blocking renin cells, which are sometimes targeted in treating high blood pressure, can cause obstructive vascular lesions in the kidneys.

SourceUniversity of Virginia Health System·JournalHYPERTENSION·DateJul 18, 2017
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Individualistic practices and values increasing around the world

Research suggests that global individualism is increasing, with socioeconomic development being a key driver. Studies examining 78 countries over 51 years reveal a significant shift towards greater individualism, prioritizing independence and uniqueness as cultural values.

SourceAssociation for Psychological Science·JournalPsychological Science·DateJul 18, 2017

Bornean orangutans' canopy movements flag conservation targets

Researchers found that orangutans prefer areas with strong branches to move laterally through the forest canopy, explaining their preference for enclosed canopy. The study's findings contribute to a larger Bornean biodiversity mapping mission and inform conservation efforts in human-impacted forests.

SourceCarnegie Institution for Science·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 18, 2017

Eat more chicken: Scientists hone in on genetics behind chicken weight adaptation

Researchers used a special experimentally-bred population, the Virginia chicken lines, to understand the genetic architecture behind chicken weight. They identified 20 different genetic loci that explained more than 60% of the additive genetic variance for selected trait.

SourceSMBE Journals (Molecular Biology and Evolution and Genome Biology and Evolution)·JournalMolecular Biology and Evolution·DateJul 18, 2017

Madoff rip-off shattered trust, changed investment behavior

A Cornell University study quantified the effect of Madoff's Ponzi scheme, finding investors withdrew $363 billion from financial advisers, stashing it in safe assets. The loss of trust led to significant changes in investment behavior, with investment firms shutting down due to heavy withdrawals.

SourceCornell University·JournalReview of Financial Studies·DateJul 18, 2017
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Study shows language development starts in the womb

Researchers at University of Kansas have discovered that fetuses can discriminate between languages with distinct rhythmic properties, suggesting language development may start in the womb. The study uses magnetocardiogram technology to measure fetal heart rate responses to speech sounds, revealing an early sensitivity to language rhythm.

SourceUniversity of Kansas·JournalNeuroreport·DateJul 18, 2017

What are the best ways to diagnose and manage asthma?

Experts recommend a physical and breathing exam, comprehensive health history, and trigger questionnaires to diagnose asthma. Effective treatment also involves spirometry testing, medication management, and written action plans to control symptoms and prevent future attacks.

SourceUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston·JournalJAMA·DateJul 18, 2017

Improving the 'wait and see' approach in MDS blood cancer treatment

Researchers have made key discoveries to improve the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a blood disorder that can transform into acute leukemia. The study found that certain molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to treatment can be identified, allowing for early intervention and potentially more effective therapies.

SourceUniversity of New South Wales·JournalCell Reports·DateJul 18, 2017

Satellite image captures development of Tropical Storm Depression 8E

A new Tropical Storm Depression 8E formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean on July 18, with deep convection developing closer to its center. The depression is expected to move towards the west and southwest, with slight strengthening possible, potentially becoming a tropical storm within the next day.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateJul 18, 2017
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Study: Reducing hospital readmissions does not increase mortality rates

A Yale-led study analyzing data from 2008-2014 found that reducing hospital readmission rates for heart attack, heart failure, and pneumonia does not increase mortality rates. The research suggests that hospitals' efforts to keep patients out of the hospital may have actually improved mortality outcomes through better preparedness, tim...

SourceYale University·JournalJAMA·DateJul 18, 2017

How CD44s gives brain cancer a survival advantage

Researchers discovered that CD44s plays a key role in sustaining EGFR signaling in glioblastoma multiforme, allowing cancer cells to survive. Removing CD44s from the cell surface reduces the growth of glioblastoma cells and increases sensitivity to erlotinib treatment.

SourceBaylor College of Medicine·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 18, 2017

Does exercise facilitate body weight control? The answer may depend on sex

A new study found that exercise training had a different impact on body weight control in male and female rats fed a high fat diet. Male rats who exercised ate less food and gained less weight compared to sedentary males, while exercising female rats did not reduce their food intake. The research team believes chronic exercise may be i...

SourceSociety for the Study of Ingestive Behavior·DateJul 18, 2017
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

To swallow food, some sharks shrug their shoulders

Researchers used X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) technology to observe bamboo sharks feeding on squid and herring. The study reveals that the shark's shoulder girdle swings internally to create suction, manipulating food down its long pharynx.

SourceBrown University·DateJul 18, 2017

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health: 18 months after double hand transplant, child is now able to write, and feed and dress himself independently

An 8-year-old boy received a double hand transplant and regained independence in writing, feeding, and dressing himself after months of occupational therapy and psychological support. However, he faced setbacks, including treatment of rejections and extensive rehabilitation.

SourceThe Lancet·JournalThe Lancet Child & Adolescent Health·DateJul 18, 2017
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Study reveals ways in which cells feel their surroundings

A new study led by Princeton University researchers finds that cells must move around and change shape to gain a meaningful understanding of their environment. The typical cell's environment is highly varied in stiffness or flexibility, making it difficult for the cell to determine its surroundings through mechanosensing.

SourcePrinceton University·JournalNature Communications·DateJul 18, 2017

Why do BRCA1 mutations cause predominantly breast and ovarian cancer?

Researchers from UT Health San Antonio found that BRCA1 mutation carriers experience higher gene expression-related stress in luminal epithelial cells, which are more prone to breast tumors. This stress is also associated with estrogen-responsive genes in the breasts and ovaries, a key site for cancer predisposition.

SourceUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio·JournalNature Communications·DateJul 18, 2017

New gel coatings may lead to better catheters and condoms

Researchers at MIT have developed a gel-like material that can be coated onto standard plastic or rubber devices, providing a softer and more slippery exterior. The coating can also monitor and treat signs of infection, and could potentially replace common elastomers in medical devices.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalAdvanced Healthcare Materials·DateJul 18, 2017
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Antibiotic insight may help in battle against bacterial resistance

Monash University researchers have identified a key part of the process by which a common clinical antibiotic is formed, paving the way for novel compounds to tackle bacterial resistance. By understanding this process, scientists can manipulate it to create modified compounds that could help combat superbugs.

SourceMonash University·JournalChemical Science·DateJul 18, 2017

CU Boulder, Rutgers to study impacts of nuclear war

Scientists are calculating environmental and human impacts of a potential nuclear war using sophisticated climate models and supercomputers. The team aims to provide a solid scientific analysis of the issues, including impacts on agriculture, food availability, and migration activity.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·DateJul 18, 2017

Heart tissues of different origins can 'beat' in sync

Scientists successfully merged heart tissues from different species and ages, demonstrating the potential for artificial heart patches to function with host cardiac tissue. The study overcomes a major hurdle in regenerative medicine by proving electrical coupling between cells of different origins.

SourceMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology·JournalBiomaterials Science·DateJul 18, 2017
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

NASA looks at compact Tropical Storm Don in infrared light

Tropical Storm Don formed rapidly off Barbados, with a tropical storm warning issued for Grenada and St. Vincent. NASA's AIRS instrument analyzed the storm using infrared light to identify strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateJul 18, 2017

Making data-driven 3-D modeling easier

A new computational method called GRASS uses machine-learning techniques and artificial intelligence to automate the creation of plausible 3D shapes. The research paper showcases a generative recursive autoencoder for shape structures that can generate novel shapes without manual input.

SourceAssociation for Computing Machinery·DateJul 18, 2017

Parasite revealed: New insights into dicyemida

Researchers at OIST Graduate University have decisively classified Dicyemida, a microscopic parasite in cephalopods, as part of the Spiralia clade and closest to Orthonectida. This classification sheds new light on the evolutionary history of Spiralia and the process of evolution.

SourceOkinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University·JournalZoological Letters·DateJul 18, 2017
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

New combination of anti-obesity drugs may have beneficial effects

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a unique combination of hormone-based drugs that can produce enhanced weight loss in obese animals. The study found that cycling through different drug therapies over a month led to greater body weight loss compared to single-drug treatments.

SourceSociety for the Study of Ingestive Behavior·DateJul 18, 2017

Study: Omega-3 fatty acids fight inflammation via cannabinoids

Researchers found an enzymatic pathway that converts omega-3-derived endocannabinoids into potent anti-inflammatory molecules, which bind to receptors in the immune system. This discovery demonstrates how omega-3 fatty acids can produce medicinal qualities similar to marijuana without a psychotropic effect.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 18, 2017

Manmade aerosols identified as driver in shifting global rainfall patterns

Researchers at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School found that manmade aerosol particles in the atmosphere drive changes in global rainfall patterns. The study suggests that these aerosols are a primary driver of large-scale shifts in precipitation, particularly in the tropics.

SourceUniversity of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science·JournalNature Geoscience·DateJul 18, 2017
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Empowering robots for ethical behavior

Researchers developed Empowerment to help robots and humans work together safely and effectively. The concept enables robots to prioritize human safety while maintaining their own autonomy.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Robotics and AI·DateJul 18, 2017

Using omega 3 fatty acids to treat Alzheimer's & other diseases?

Researchers at LSU Health New Orleans found that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and its bioactive derivative NPD1 can reduce stroke damage and promote cell survival in the brain. DHA is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, which is disrupted in diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

SourceLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·DateJul 18, 2017