A multidisciplinary research team is focusing on the economics of providing transportation for rural elderly populations. The study aims to identify innovative solutions and information technology that can improve the coordination and efficiency of rural transit systems.
Researchers created an artificial synapse that can simulate inhibitory and stimulatory signals, expanding the capabilities of artificial intelligence systems. The new device is flexible and versatile, enabling it to switch between excitatory and inhibitory signals based on voltages applied at the input terminal.
Researchers developed an engineered opsonin protein to capture CTCs in the bloodstream, reducing detection time and increasing efficiency. The technology shows promise for improving cancer diagnostics by targeting specific carbohydrate molecules on CTCs.
Scientists discovered that changes in mechanical behavior and gene signaling play a crucial role in the development of heart defects, with LOX-deficient mice exhibiting protection against aneurysms. The research provides new insights into the chemo-mechanics of heart defects and its potential applications for disease prevention.
Scientists at Eindhoven University of Technology developed a new material that can undulate and propel itself forward under the influence of light. The device, the size of a paperclip, is the world's first machine to convert light directly into walking using one fixed light source.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a successful smile may contradict the 'more is always better' principle, with a bigger smile showing more teeth being perceived less well. The researchers also discovered that smiles developed symmetrically are rated as more successful.
Researchers developed a scoring system using electronic medical records to predict patients at high risk for atrial fibrillation after stroke. The system identifies seven risk factors and assigns patients to one of three risk groups, enabling personalized treatment.
Researchers from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and their collaborators have created a high-resolution map of the disease, pinpointing 18 genetic variants with over 95% certainty. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of new treatments and personalized medicine for IBD.
Researchers calculate that compound climate extremes, such as heatwaves and droughts, are more frequent than expected. This can lead to increased health risks, agricultural losses, and economic threats due to the interconnectedness of modern societies.
The University of Utah Health has been awarded a $4 million grant to conduct comprehensive research on congenital heart defects. The project, led by Martin Tristani-Firouzi, will focus on discovering causes and developing strategies for prevention and treatment.
Researchers at Rice University have created a new catalyst for fuel cells that is as effective as platinum but cheaper. The catalyst uses single ruthenium atoms attached to graphene and has shown excellent performance in tests.
A recent study found that reduced summer cloud cover over Greenland has led to increased ice melt, with a one percent decrease in cloud cover resulting in 27 gigatons of extra melting. This contributes significantly to global sea level rise.
Scientists are working on more precise diagnostics for cancer using advanced imaging techniques and nano-sensors that can detect biomarkers within the body. These tools have the potential to significantly increase early detection of breast cancer with minimal risk and cost.
Researchers discovered a genetic cause of CHAPLE disease, a rare immune disorder that causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms and blood clots. They found that a defective CD55 gene leads to complement hyperactivity, damaging blood vessels and causing life-threatening symptoms.
Researchers developed micro-cubes that can sponge up a hydrophobic anti-cancer drug and deliver it to cancer cells, showing increased potency against liver cancer cells and reduced harm to normal liver cells. The cubes retain their shape and release the drug in response to higher redox potentials found in cancer cells.
Researchers have designed two proteins that stabilize the cell scaffolding, restoring muscle structure and function in animal models of congenital muscular dystrophy. The study demonstrates significant improvements in muscle force, body weight, and lifespan, providing a potential gene therapy treatment for this rare disease.
A new bush tomato species has been discovered in Limmen National Park, and named after Senior Botanist Peter Jobson. The discovery highlights the importance of protecting natural areas and supporting conservation efforts.
Researchers pinpointed the brain's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as responsible for credit assignment, a mechanism that enables learning from success. The study used non-human primates to demonstrate the cortex's role in linking causes and effects.
A recent study highlights the significant healthcare burden of mitochondrial disease in the US, with high medical costs and mortality rates among patients. The study found that hospitalizations for these disorders result in disproportionately higher costs and mortality rates compared to patients without mitochondrial disease.
A 14-year study found that slowed walking speed in older adults is associated with cognitive impairment, particularly in the right hippocampus. Regular measurement of walking speed and monitoring for changes may help detect early signs of cognitive decline.
A specially designed exercise program improved blood vessel health and exercise capacity in chronic kidney disease patients. Patients also reported improvements in their everyday quality of life as a result of becoming more active.
A new study by McGill University biologists Bryan G. Hughes and Siegfried Hekimi found no evidence for a limit to human lifespan, challenging previous research that suggested an upper age limit of around 115 years. The study analyzed the lifespan of centenarians from various countries since 1968 and extended trend lines to predict pote...
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a novel electrode material that uses bacteria to clean pollutants from wastewater. The bacteria grow on the surface of the nanofibers, producing electricity and breaking down contaminants, making it a promising technology for improving wastewater treatment.
Researchers have successfully developed a new material that promises to improve the strength and durability of microscopic sensors. The alloy, made from nickel, molybdenum, and tungsten, exhibits extraordinary properties, including high tensile strength three times greater than high-strength steel.
A recent study by researchers at Case Western Reserve University has discovered that injecting potato virus particles into melanoma tumors activates an anti-tumor immune response, halting tumor progression. Co-administering the nanoparticles with chemotherapy drugs yields the most potent benefit.
Modified human crania from Göbekli Tepe provide the first evidence for a new form of Neolithic skull cult, featuring intentional deep incisions and drilled holes. These findings suggest that ancient individuals may have venerated ancestors or displayed recently dispatched enemies on display.
Researchers have discovered rat lungworm in five Florida counties, with nearly 23% of rats testing positive for the parasitic nematode. The parasite can cause meningitis in humans and animals if ingested, highlighting concerns over climate change's impact on its spread.
Nader Pourmand's nanopipette technology wins $300,000 prize in NIH 'Follow that Cell' challenge, enabling repeated analysis of individual cells without disrupting their activity. The platform has vast potential applications, particularly in cancer and neurodegenerative disease research.
Research suggests type 2 immunity protects against metabolic disease but worsens nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through inflammation and scarring. Inflammation in the liver involves immune molecules like IL-13, TGF-beta, and IFN-gamma.
Researchers have identified a key role for serotonin in cocaine's addictive effects, suggesting that the brain chemical may contribute to the development of tolerance and long-term changes in brain function. The study provides new avenues for understanding the complex actions of cocaine and developing effective treatment strategies.
The University of Pittsburgh has received a $1.275 million grant from the DOE to develop radiation-hard, multi-functional, distributed fiber sensors for improved nuclear reactor core safety and efficiency.
A study found that hoarding symptoms are heritable and moderately stable between 15-18 years old, suggesting genetic effects play a significant role. The findings could help inform treatments development for young people experiencing hoarding symptoms, preventing potential progression into Hoarding Disorder as adults.
Researchers developed a yeast-based tool that can detect fungal pathogens responsible for major human disease, agricultural damage, and food spoilage. The one-component biosensor is extremely low-cost, easy to use, and doesn't require cold-storage facilities, making it a game-changer for global pathogen surveillance.
Researchers have developed tiny microbots that can remove up to 80% of pathogenic bacteria from contaminated water. The microbots use hydrogen bubbles propelled by magnesium and silver nanoparticles to kill bacteria, offering a potential solution to the global clean water crisis.
Researchers at CNIO have developed a technique to study melanoma progression in mice, revealing unknown mechanisms and identifying new markers of metastasis. The MIDKINE protein has been identified as a key factor in melanoma metastasis, representing a new therapeutic target.
Researchers developed a more tailored approach to combat soybean rust by identifying resistance genes in specific varieties. While no single variety could resist all rust strains, some showed promise against African rust strains, offering hope for breeding programs worldwide.
A new method assesses patterns of ground force application, suggesting Bolt's mechanics may vary between left and right legs. The analysis provides a new tool for understanding the basis of maximal running speeds.
A six-week study found that pre-school children who took part in a combination of movement and language activities showed significant improvements in their motor skills and vocabulary, outperforming other groups. The researchers believe physical activity can enhance academic performance by increasing oxygen circulation in the brain.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that mildly obese patients who survive a major heart attack tend to have better outcomes, including higher survival rates and shorter hospital stays. Patients considered mildly obese had a 30% increased likelihood of survival compared to those of normal weight.
The discovery provides insight into the society and copper production in the Timna region during the time of David and Solomon. The wool and linen pieces suggest a deeply hierarchical society dependent on long-distance trade to support its infrastructure.
A new study found that ice-free areas in Antarctica could increase by up to 25% by the end of this century, potentially creating new habitat for biodiversity. However, the warming climate may also facilitate invasive species to establish themselves.
A coalition of over 60 scientists, business leaders, and policymakers urge swift climate action by 2020 to avoid devastating consequences. The authors propose six milestones for a clean industrial revolution, including renewable energy targets and electric vehicle incentives.
A Swedish study published in Neurology found that teenage weight gain is associated with a higher risk of stroke in adulthood. The study followed 37,669 men and found that those who experienced a significant increase in BMI from childhood to age 20 were more likely to develop high blood pressure and stroke.
A multicentre trial found that low childhood socioeconomic status increases the risk of higher left ventricular mass and poorer diastolic function in adulthood. The study, part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, followed 1,872 participants for 31 years.
A new study has found significant inequalities in malaria research funding in sub-Saharan Africa, with countries like Chad and Central African Republic receiving no investment. The study reveals that Tanzania and Kenya received the most research funding, while Nigeria received the most non-research funding.
A team of researchers has discovered magnetic vortex-antivortex pairs arising from correlated electron spins in a newly engineered trilayer material. The finding could advance memory cells and points to the potential development of 3-D magnetic logic circuits.
Researchers created nanostructures with varying widths that absorb different wavelengths of light, generating an electric current corresponding to the absorbed wavelength. The new detectors operate faster and detect a wider range of electromagnetic spectrum than traditional devices.
Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) boasts the largest number of federally funded summer research programs for undergraduate students in New York. The institution's College of Science has launched several innovative research experiences, including a new program in multimessenger astrophysics that combines gravitational wave detecti...
A study of personal assistance relationships between disabled people and their assistants found that these relationships can be emotionally fraught and require support. The research highlights the importance of a good match between employer and worker and provides recommendations for improving these relationships.
Research found that middle-aged adults with ACA health insurance had a 17% lower incidence of cardiac arrest compared to those without coverage. Regular medical care facilitated by health insurance enabled prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular conditions that cause cardiac arrest.
A new study found that a warming climate is stirring the remaining Arctic sea ice faster, increasing the odds that ice-rafted pollution will foul a neighboring country's waters. This pollution threat is particularly concerning as it can harm marine ecosystems and human health.
Researchers developed a modeling framework that quantifies the economic value of nature's ecosystem services, such as clean air and water, food, and paper. The framework helps determine how to protect biodiversity by managing ecosystem services, balancing current costs with future risks of losing critical species.
Researchers discovered an ancient antiviral defense system in human cells that could be used to deliver targeted therapies using engineered viruses or simple self-replicating RNAs. This system, which dates back billions of years, was originally designed to defend against viral infection and may hold the key to new treatments for diseases.
New research finds that advertisements highlighting more proximal sensory experiences (touch/taste) lead to earlier purchases, while those emphasizing distal sensory experiences (sight/sound) delay them. This study, published in the Journal of Consumer Research, suggests new ways for marketers to differentiate their products and services.
A new antiviral drug candidate, GS-5734, has been shown to inhibit a broad range of coronaviruses, including the SARS and MERS coronaviruses. The compound was effective against human and animal coronaviruses, reducing viral load in lung tissue and improving respiratory functions.
Researchers discovered that the Sestrin1 gene is frequently missing or malfunctioning in follicular lymphoma patients, leading to tumor growth and poor prognosis. The study found that targeting this gene can suppress tumors and improve treatment efficacy, offering hope for new therapies.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that pups born during warm years had lower antibody levels and were unable to respond to an immune challenge. High sea surface temperatures can lead to prey declines, forcing sea lions to extend foraging trips and eat lower-value prey.
Researchers discovered that the skin microbiome contains archaea, a type of extreme-loving microbe, which vary in abundance with age. The study found that archaea were most abundant in subjects younger than 12 and older than 60, and people with dry skin have more archaea.
A new analysis found that delaying lymph node biopsy more than 30 days after melanoma diagnosis does not adversely affect long-term clinical outcomes. The study examined 2,483 patients and found similar results in disease-free survival and melanoma-specific survival.
Researchers from the University of Freiburg have discovered over 900 mitochondrial proteins in baker's yeast using quantitative mass spectrometry and bioinformatics methods. This extensive dataset provides a foundation for understanding the biology of mitochondria in various organisms, from yeast to humans.