A new study from the University of Washington finds that natural variability in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean has accelerated summer sea ice loss in recent decades. The research suggests that climate change is still dominant, but natural variability played a significant role in the trend.
A Scripps-led study has identified patterns to predict red tides in coastal areas, offering opportunities for an early-warning system. The research used empirical dynamic modeling and a 30-year archive of field data to identify mechanisms causing red tides.
A recent study found that pre-existing immunity to dengue virus modulates the magnitude and breadth of the immune system's T cell response to Zika. This shape the subsequent CD8+ T cell response to Zika in mice, with implications for vaccine development.
Poor primary care coordination affects 1 in 3 patients globally, with the US having the highest rate. The study found that US patients reported similar levels of poor care regardless of insurance status or health conditions.
A new study from Rutgers University reveals that killifish played a crucial role in the food web, while terns, gulls, and wading birds were highly sensitive to oil due to their extensive connections as prey and predator. The researchers identified blue crabs as key species for future research due to their importance in the ecosystem.
Researchers discovered that many breast cancer patients have mutational signatures similar to those with faulty BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, suggesting they may also benefit from existing PARP inhibitor treatments. This opens up the possibility of treating up to 20% of women with these drugs.
A recent study found that taxi drivers in Athens charge business travelers a 7% higher fare than locals, taking advantage of the fact that passengers are reimbursed by their employers. The researchers also discovered that women were more likely to be overcharged than men.
Astronomers have found evidence of a star that whips around a likely black hole twice an hour, marking the tightest orbital dance ever seen by a black hole and a companion star in our own Milky Way galaxy. The stellar couple is located in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, about 14,800 light years away from Earth.
A new study reveals that 15% of patients with suppressed HIV infection still have active HIV in the brain. MRI scans identify high-risk individuals for further testing and potential treatment regime changes.
A multidrug efflux pump in motion: Researchers have mapped the conformational changes that occur in P-glycoprotein, a protein notorious for pumping chemotherapeutic drugs out of cancer cells. This study sheds light on how P-glycoprotein binds and transports molecules, with potential implications for developing new treatments.
A new strain of ranivirus is causing mass mortality in amphibian populations in Serra da Estrela Natural Park, Portugal. The virus also affects fish and reptiles, complicating the situation and requiring urgent optimization of conservation strategies.
A Brigham Young University researcher found that exposure to good marketing boosts salad bar usage among teens. Students who live with parents serving healthy foods at home are also more likely to eat from salad bars in school.
Global energy subsidies have substantial social welfare and economic costs, particularly for the poorest households. Repealing these subsidies could provide enough money to eliminate worldwide hunger and malnutrition multiple times over.
A nutritional supplement kit, developed to counter mood-altering brain changes linked to depression, virtually eliminated the 'baby blues' among women. The kit, consisting of three supplements, was found to reduce depressive symptoms and increase resilience against sad events.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed composite metal foams with enhanced properties, including reduced armor-piercing bullet penetration and effective radiation shielding. The new data provides a comprehensive overview of the materials' performance in various tests, including high-speed impacts and cyclic loading.
New research identifies the oldest bison fossils and constructs a bison genealogy establishing that a common maternal ancestor arrived in North America. The study clarifies the earliest parts of the bison family tree using ancient DNA extraction and sequencing techniques.
MDI Biological Laboratory scientists have identified a potential heart drug candidate to restore heart muscle function following a heart attack. In a breakthrough study, MSI-1436 showed significant regeneration in zebrafish and mice, with promising results in adult mice after an artificially induced heart attack.
The Nile Delta, a vital breadbasket for Egypt, is at risk of serious water scarcity due to human activities and the upcoming completion of Ethiopia's Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. The delta's soil-rich areas are being eroded by Mediterranean coastal currents and experiencing compaction, leading to subsidence and sea-level rise.
Researchers at HEC Montréal found that cooperative civil society organizations can increase government payoffs, as they become more efficient and allocate time to productive activities. This surprising finding suggests that corruption can be a net positive for governments.
Researchers have identified a specific genomic variant linked to obesity in West Africans and African-Americans, highlighting the importance of genomics research in diverse populations. The variant, found in approximately 1% of individuals, increases their risk of obesity by about six pounds.
A survey of military physicians found most lacked formal training on transgender care, had not treated patients with gender dysphoria, and were insufficiently trained to prescribe cross-hormone therapy. The study highlights the need for greater medical training in transgender care among military physicians.
A new study has identified a critical molecular mechanism that operates in memory T cells, which could be manipulated to produce and maintain more memory T cells. This finding could lead to improved vaccinations and cancer immunotherapies by enhancing the production of memory T cells.
The Tokyo Institute of Technology and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation have developed a spin-resolved oscilloscope to measure charge and spin signals. The device enables the observation of spin-charge-separation processes, paving the way for future plasmonics and spintronics applications.
Astronomers have found evidence for a star orbiting a black hole at an unprecedented distance, about twice an hour. The close-in binary system, located 14,800 light years from Earth, provides valuable insights into the behavior of black holes and their companion stars.
Researchers found a single administration of the Spencer technique restored internal rotation of pitchers' shoulders by 85%, reducing susceptibility to injury. Osteopathic medicine focuses on prevention, and this study validates the technique's potential for preventing shoulder injuries in baseball players.
A prospective study found that symptoms of depression, drinking alcohol, or using marijuana increased the risk of synthetic marijuana (SC) use one year later. SCs are potent chemicals similar to THC, often sold as potpourri or incense and appealing to adolescents due to ease of access and affordability.
Researchers found unprecedented dieback of 7400 hectares of mangroves in the Gulf of Carpentaria due to prolonged drought, record-breaking heatwaves, and a 20cm sea level drop. This discovery highlights mangroves' vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather events.
Researchers have found a way to selectively degrade proteins that are difficult to target with drugs, using a small molecule approach that binds to neutralizing agents. The discovery provides a paradigm shift in targeting 'undruggable' proteins and offers new hope for cancer treatment and drug development.
A recent study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine reveals that people with cystic fibrosis are living longer in Canada than in the United States, with a median age of survival being 50.9 years in Canada compared to 40.6 years in the US. The study found that after accounting for factors such as age and disease severity, the ri...
A study by University of Kansas researcher Emily Rauscher found that children with sensitive genotypes face disadvantage in poor families but advantage in wealthier ones. This suggests that environment, not genes alone, determines economic outcomes.
A powerful nor'easter is forecast to impact the US East coast with heavy snowfall totals from the Mid-Atlantic to New England. Forecasters predict 12-18 inches of snow, with localized amounts up to 2 feet, and strong winds that could cause power outages.
Researchers found that a nearby galaxy's radiation could trigger the collapse of a host galaxy, allowing a massive black hole to form and grow rapidly. The study provides new insights into the formation of supermassive black holes in the infant universe.
A new study from Nationwide Children's Hospital found that nursery product-related injuries are increasing, with nearly 25% more incidents in the last 8 years. Parents can reduce risks by following the 4 Rs: researching products, checking for recalls, registering products, and reading manuals.
A recent study following over 500 children with ADHD into adulthood found that extended stimulant medication use is associated with suppressed adult height but not reduced symptoms of ADHD. The findings suggest a trade-off between symptom-related benefits and growth-related costs of long-term treatment.
Two top entomology students, Paul Baker and Emily Nadeau, were honored with the naming of new wasp species, Leuroagathis paulbakeri and Scabagathis emilynadeauae. A new genus, Chimaeragathis, is also named after the Greek mythological monster Chimera, reflecting its distinct diagnostic characters.
Researchers at Waseda University have developed a new 3D Chemical Melting Finishing (3D-CMF) method that improves surface texture and structural rigidity while reducing waste and cost, making it suitable for home 3D printing. The process uses a tool to selectively apply solvent to specific parts of the printed piece.
Researchers found low sperm quality parameters linked to unhealthy diets rich in saturated fats and processed meat. Conversely, healthy foods like fish, fruits, and vegetables were positively associated with improved sperm quality.
Researchers found that landscape age and topography are stronger predictors of available phosphorus than rock type. As climate change impacts the McMurdo Dry Valleys, increased mineral phosphorus availability could support the growth of microscopic organisms.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has found no evidence of increased transmissibility or sustainable human-to-human transmission of the highly pathogenic A(H7N9) virus. New genetic mutations have been detected, but their impact on poultry and human risk remains unclear.
New research finds automated blood pressure monitoring over 30 minutes significantly reduces the number of patients meeting criteria for antihypertensive medication. This technique yields lower blood pressure readings than routine office measurements, helping to avoid overtreatment.
Researchers developed a new method to control nanoparticle organization in ultrathin polymer films through entropy-driven segregation. This approach, SCPINS, enables well-controlled nanoparticle organization on a submicron scale without tuning enthalpic interactions through chemistry.
Researchers propose that massive volcanic eruptions 717 million years ago led to a perfect storm of fire and ice, causing the largest glaciation event in Earth's history. The eruptions released sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, blocking solar radiation and driving the formation of ice.
A team of scientists at the University of Cambridge has developed a way to use solar power to generate hydrogen from biomass. The technology relies on a simple photocatalytic conversion process, converting biomass into gaseous hydrogen that can be used for power.
Researchers have identified a new way to distinguish between schizophrenia and depression using proteins in nerve cells. The method measures the level of hormone arginine-vasopressin (AVP) released in response to salt solution, which can indicate NMDA receptor signalling. This test may lead to earlier and more accurate diagnoses, as we...
Researchers have created a detailed atomic map of the frontline antimalarial drug mefloquine, showing how its structure could be tweaked to increase effectiveness. The study aims to create a more targeted and safer treatment by redesigning the drug's molecular machinery.
A terahertz wave study in Beijing found that high PM2.5 concentrations were related to larger absorption at selected frequencies, and the information gained by EM was effective in relieving haze pollution. The study also identified differences in sulfate types during red alert periods compared to normal conditions.
A new study from the University of Illinois shows that high protein canola meal contains glucosinolates, which reduce diet palatability and affect growth performance. Pigs fed diets containing conventional canola meal had greater final body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake than those fed high protein canola meal.
Researchers created self-assembled 3D DNA crystals with moveable components to change their contents after formation. The innovation enables the manipulation of internal crystal contents in 3D systems, promising advancements in nanomechanical devices.
Researchers found that male cuckoos respond aggressively to unfamiliar intruders and tolerate neighboring males with overlapping territories. The birds use their distinctive 'cu-coo' call for recognition, demonstrating complex social behavior in brood parasitism.
Researchers develop subtransmitter concept to separate send and receive bands digitally, eliminating need for filters, and enabling simultaneous summation and cancellation of radio frequency signals across wide range of frequencies.
Researchers have discovered a way to curb chronic pain by modulating genes that reduce tissue- and cell-damaging inflammation. This technique uses the CRISPR system to protect cells from inflammation, preventing tissue degeneration and pain.
A WSU researcher has discovered that activated enzyme MAOA facilitates the spread of prostate cancer to bones by activating osteoclasts and enhancing bone degradation. Treatment targeting this enzyme shows promise in reducing bone metastasis.
A long-term study of British children found that physical activity levels began to decline at age 7, not just during adolescence. The study suggests that a shift in research focus is needed to understand the factors behind this decline and inform policy and practice.
Osaka University researchers have successfully detected multiple spin states of a single quantum dot in real time, opening the door to more efficient quantum computing. The team used a quantum point contact charge sensor to distinguish between singlet and triplet spin states, enabling the detection of three two-electron spin states.
The Asthma Mobile Health Study demonstrates a successful, large-scale participant enrollment approach using iPhones and the Apple ResearchKit framework. The study collected rich research data from thousands of individuals, providing a comprehensive view of 'real-world' patterns of disease, wellness, and behavior.
Research found that individual physicians' spending patterns have a limited impact on patient outcomes, with no difference in readmissions or mortality rates between low- and high-spending physicians. The study analyzed data from Medicare patients aged 65 and older who were hospitalized for nonelective conditions between 2011 and 2014.
A new study found that women who undergo failed fertility therapy have a higher risk of developing long-term cardiovascular disease, including stroke and heart failure. The study of 28,442 women showed a 19% increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events in those who did not conceive.
Researchers developed a novel method using Terahertz spectroscopy and 3D-printing technology to measure water content in crude oil with high accuracy. The technique can be used to continuously monitor moisture content and is suitable for applications even during high-water-bearing periods.
A team of researchers has discovered the oldest fossil human cranium in Portugal, dating back 400,000 years. The cranium is significant because it is well-dated and associated with abundant faunal remains and stone tools, including bifaces.
A new optical tool uses light scattering spectroscopy to distinguish between pre-cancerous and cancerous pancreatic lesions with high accuracy. The device offers a minimally-invasive means of diagnosis, which could reduce unnecessary surgeries and improve patient outcomes.