Researchers at UTA have found harmful pathogenic bacteria in Texas groundwater near unconventional natural gas extraction sites, particularly resistant to antibiotics and disinfection. The studies identify novel treatments and bioremediation strategies for contaminated waters.
Researchers found that a 'one size fits all' approach to technology use outside working hours is not suitable for every employee. Instead, they recommend employers give individuals control over their working patterns and actively involve them in decisions about technology use.
A new study by Claudius Gros highlights the urgent need for governments to reduce their time lag in responding to citizens' wishes. The accelerated pace of opinion formation due to internet and smartphone usage has led to a tipping point, beyond which political systems become unstable.
Doctors under investigation for patient complaints are at risk of experiencing anxiety, depression, and defensive medical practice. Researchers found that those who felt supported by colleagues were less likely to experience these symptoms.
Scientists at IST Austria have resolved the role of Synaptotagmin 7 during inhibitory synaptic transmission, showing it regulates asynchronous transmitter release and facilitation. The study found Synaptotagmin 7 ensures efficient and frequency-independent signal transmission in the cerebellum and hippocampus.
HIV-infected patients have a lower rate of cholesterol-lowering statin drugs and aspirin therapy, while antihypertensive medication therapy shows less significant differences. The study calls for improving the quality of cardiovascular care for people with HIV.
Researchers found that a sugar industry trade group halted animal research linking sucrose to disease in the 1960s due to adverse findings on cardiovascular health and bladder cancer. The Sugar Research Foundation secretly funded a review article downplaying these links.
A cheap and widely used drug lansoprazole may have useful activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. The study found people taking lansoprazole were a third less likely to develop TB than those taking similar drugs.
Acupuncture has strongest evidence for effectiveness in reducing chronic pain, while yoga and other therapies also show positive preliminary evidence. These integrative medicine approaches can help improve pain and reduce opioid use, according to a review of current evidence.
A joint effort by breast cancer researchers and bioinformaticians has provided new insights into breast development, revealing previously unrecognized cell types. The study used single-cell RNA-sequencing to identify a dramatic shift in gene expression around puberty.
A recent study reveals that 40% of hospitals do not routinely utilize CT shielding to protect patients from stray radiation during diagnostic imaging. Despite being aware of its benefits, only 84% of hospitals report using shielding, highlighting the need for increased awareness and implementation.
A new American Cancer Society study calculates the contribution of several modifiable risk factors to cancer occurrence. The study found that more than 42% of all cancer cases and deaths in the US are associated with these major modifiable risk factors, many of which can be mitigated with prevention strategies.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg discover that DNA folding reorganization is a key switch for defining cell types during cardiomyocyte differentiation. The study reveals that spatial genome organization determines cellular identity and provides insights into future reprogramming strategies.
Physicians at Kaiser Permanente reduced antibiotic prescriptions for sinusitis by 22% using computer alerts, finding a substantial decrease in acute sinusitis diagnoses while no increase in prescribing for other upper respiratory diagnoses was observed. The intervention's effect was not sustained over time.
A study of people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) found that effectiveness and adverse events are top concerns when choosing treatment. Patients are willing to trade off some drug efficacy for reduced risk of serious side effects, but out-of-pocket costs can significantly influence their choices.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that diabetes-related mortality in Germany is higher than expected, with approximately 21% of all deaths attributable to the disease. The majority of deaths occurred among older adults, and men had a significantly higher number of preventable excess deaths compared to women.
The UQ dipstick technology enables fast and accurate diagnosis of human, animal and plant diseases in remote locations. The technology extracts DNA and RNA from living organisms in under 30 seconds without specialized equipment or personnel.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a key to designing more selective pesticides that target pests without killing beneficial insects like bees. By understanding the molecular differences between mammals and insects, they hope to create new chemicals that spare bees while effectively controlling agricultural pests.
Research at Kumamoto University found that MCI patients exhibit weakened short-term face memorization ability and distinct gaze behavior when trying to recall faces. This study may lead to early detection of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by cognitive decline in daily life.
Researchers discovered a significant cooling of Titan's polar atmosphere, contradicting model predictions and other celestial bodies. The study attributes this phenomenon to exotic photochemical reactions producing hydrocarbons that cool the atmosphere.
Researchers uncover DNA methylation marks that silence genes in corn, impacting trait expression and breeding. The study improves understanding of non-Mendelian inheritance mechanisms, shedding light on the disappearance of desired traits in crops.
Argonne National Laboratory researchers have developed several groundbreaking technologies, including an oil absorbent that can clean up sub-surface oil droplets and a proactive defense mechanism to enhance computer system security. The Oleo Sponge can absorb up to 90 times its weight in oil and is reusable, while the Multiple Operatin...
The Global Hyperaccumulator Database contains data on 721 species of plants capable of absorbing high amounts of metal compounds. The database aims to facilitate the identification and utilization of these hyperaccumulators for environmental cleanup, particularly in mining-affected areas.
A recent study by a University of Pennsylvania School found that wild bonobos are susceptible to various Plasmodium malaria parasites, including a previously unknown species. This discovery informs our understanding of the life cycle and transmission of malaria in humans.
Research reveals that fish continuously change which neighbor they pay attention to for seamless collective movement, challenging previous assumptions about coordination strategies. This finding has implications for optimizing and automating complex processes like swarms of drones.
A new study identifies a chimeric gene as the driver of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC), a rare and usually lethal liver cancer. The research offers prime targets for drugs to treat the disease, including kinases and cellular signaling systems. Researchers are now working to design therapeutics targeting these pathways.
The Cure Brain Cancer Foundation has awarded a $345,000 fellowship to Dr Ryan Cross to develop cancer-fighting immune T cells for brain cancer treatment. The research aims to improve patient survival rates and develop personalised treatments for children and adults with brain cancer.
A recent study from the University of Helsinki found that disordered eating among young adults has significant long-term negative health effects, including higher body weight, lower psychological wellbeing, and a lower self-evaluation of general health. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to mitigate these effects.
A new study published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science has investigated three common hydration methods for sniffer dogs. The research found that dogs drink more and are more hydrated when given a chicken-flavored electrolyte drink compared to plain water or electrolyte injections, making it a safe and effective hydration alternative.
A new analytical method developed at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that water penetrates significantly deeper into the Earth's crust than previously assumed. This finding is crucial for understanding the ocean's heat budget and volatiles in the crust.
The study identified five subgroups of eczema in children, with one-third resolving by age five and others persisting into adulthood. Genetic risk factors contribute to long-lasting eczema, highlighting the need for tailored treatments and clinical trial approaches.
A mathematical model published in PLOS Medicine estimates that reducing the PMI budget by 44% would result in 67 million more malaria cases over four years. Maintaining funding would prevent 162 million cases and save 692,589 lives between 2017 and 2020.
A study published in Climate of the Past found that climate changes played a significant role in triggering immigration from Southwest Germany to North America during the 19th century. The researchers identified major migration waves linked to extreme weather events, such as the 'year without summer', and found that climate was a major...
A study on an unusual snapping turtle with one lung found shared characteristics with humans born with one lung who survive beyond infancy. The researchers used digital 3D anatomical models to compare the architecture of the branching patterns inside the lungs and position of the lungs relative to the shell.
Research found that male triathletes are more likely to develop myocardial fibrosis, a scarring of the heart, due to excessive exercise. The study also showed that female triathletes were less prone to the condition.
New research reveals cinnamaldehyde's ability to induce thermogenesis in fat cells, improving metabolic health. The compound may offer a non-pharmacological approach to combating obesity and related health issues.
The new system will meet its successor, Forschungszentrum Jülich and the international IT company Atos have agreed at the SC17 supercomputing conference. Modular supercomputing is an idea conceived by Dr Lippert almost 20 years ago.
Researchers found that cell cycle proteins are crucial for releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in immune cells. This process helps to contain and eliminate fungal infections in mice and human cells.
Gold nanoparticles have been found to change cells in a specific size, potentially allowing for faster and more effective medication delivery. Researchers believe this technology could be used to target tissues or as imaging agents, but must be exact to avoid danger.
Researchers found a three-fold increase in biodiversity during the Ordovician Period, coinciding with a significant rise in oxygen levels. The study suggests that atmospheric oxygen levels did not reach modern levels for millions of years after the Cambrian explosion.
Researchers found that heart rate variability measured by an electrocardiogram indicated whether subjects had major depression or bipolar disorder. Patients with bipolar disorder had higher blood levels of inflammation biomarkers than those with major depression.
John C. Stier, associate dean at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, has been named a Fellow in the American Society of Agronomy, the highest recognition bestowed by the society. He is recognized for his career contributions to the turfgrass industry and his service as a professor and researcher.
African clawed frog Xenopus laevis study reveals that contrasting visual patterns affect the optokinetic reflex. The level of contrast determines motion perception efficiency, with brightly lit structures against a darker background allowing for better tracking.
A €34 million European research project aims to develop new diagnostic tests for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and identify those at risk of severe inflammation and liver scarring. The project, LITMUS, brings together clinicians, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies to develop and validate biomarkers for testing NAFLD.
Brain stimulation reveals that fronto-striatal circuits are essential for enjoying music. Researchers used TMS to manipulate these circuits, increasing or decreasing participants' liking of music and motivation to listen again.
A study by Brigham Young University researchers found that 90% of users reported increased motivation and confidence using mental and emotional health apps. The app-based interventions promote behavior change and can be an inexpensive way to increase self-efficacy for mental health.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that common shoulder surgery does not provide significant relief from pain for people with shoulder impingement. Despite being slightly more effective than no treatment, the difference was small and unlikely to result in noticeable symptoms.
Researchers found that vitamin D is effective in preventing the onset of inflammation but less effective once inflammatory disease is established. The study suggests that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may require higher doses of vitamin D or a new treatment to bypass vitamin D insensitivity in immune cells.
Researchers found that shark skin's dermal denticles develop from neural crest cells, just like teeth, supporting the theory that these primitive scales were carried into jawed vertebrates to form teeth. This discovery suggests a deep evolutionary relationship between ancient fish scales and vertebrate teeth.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a new method of engineering T-cells to attack cancer using CRISPR genome editing. This breakthrough enhances the T-cells' ability to recognize specific cancer cells and destroy them, offering new hope in the fight against various types of cancers.
The recovery of killer whales, sea lions, and harbor seals on the West Coast has led to a significant increase in their consumption of chinook salmon. This shift may now exceed the combined harvest by commercial and recreational fisheries, creating complex tradeoffs for conservation efforts.
The LAB-IN-A-BOX portable DNA barcoding kit enables rapid species identification, improving enforcement responses against wildlife trafficking and invasive species. This technology has the potential to greatly impact conservation efforts in developing countries.
A new study by University at Buffalo psychologist Julie Bowker suggests that unsociability, a form of non-fearful social withdrawal, is linked positively to creativity. The research findings indicate that individuals who enjoy spending time alone and engaging in solo activities may have the potential for enhanced creative thinking and ...
Scientists have successfully created the first continuous-wave lasing in an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite semiconductor, which could be a crucial step towards developing electrically driven devices. By adjusting the material's temperature, they avoided a phenomenon known as lasing death and achieved over an hour of lasing.
A study examines infants' understanding of word relationships at 6 months old, finding they look longer at unrelated image pairs. The learning environment plays a crucial role in developing language comprehension in early childhood.
A pilot study of 15 individuals using oxycodone digital pills found that patients self-administered opioids for only a brief period and took a fraction of the prescribed dose. The technology may enable physicians to monitor adherence and identify escalating opioid use patterns, potentially reducing the risk of addiction.
A resident physician's experience with a deceased patient teaches her to approach relationships with empathy, rather than avoidance. This insight is gained through a difficult patient-case that highlights the complexities of human life and death.
A new study reveals that slight climate shifts can significantly affect the optimal water use of plant communities, with potential consequences for forests, grasslands, and deserts. The research uses a model to predict how rainfall is shared among plants, humans, and other factors in a changing climate.
A new study found that albatross populations have halved over the last 35 years on Bird Island due to environmental change and deaths in longline and trawl fisheries. Climate change and bycatch were found to be major contributors to this decline, with grey-headed albatrosses being particularly affected.
New research from the University of Birmingham suggests that rapid global warming could result in more extreme rainfall and flood events. The study found a four-fold increase in sediment delivery from land to the deep ocean during a 56 million-year-old event, likely caused by increased rainfall intensity.