Scientists have discovered that axon damage leads to shrinking dendritic spines and rising excitability in neurons, but also found that blocking gene activity with netrin-1 can reverse these changes. This breakthrough could lead to improved treatments for brain injury patients.
Researchers have found that essential oils extracted from citrus fruit peels are highly effective in killing mosquito larvae, suggesting a potential eco-friendly alternative for mosquito control programs. The study, believed to be the first of its kind, uses three citrus species and has shown promising results.
Researchers at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering have developed a human lung-on-a-chip technology that models the growth and metastatic behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer. The study found that tumor cells grow rampantly in the alveolar microenvironment but remain quiescent in the airway chip, and that cyclic...
NASA's Aqua satellite found strongest storms in Tropical Depression 23W near northern Vietnam and northeastern Laos. Cloud top temperatures reached as cold as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storms with heavy rain capability.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that fever in early pregnancy can cause heart and facial birth defects, but using a fever reducer like acetaminophen may help prevent these defects. The study used zebrafish and chicken embryos to demonstrate the impact of fever on development.
A study published in the Journal of Women's Health found that women veterans with mental health conditions like depression are at a higher risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). The research team analyzed data from 157,000 women veterans over 45 and discovered a significant correlation between CAD and multiple mental health diagnoses.
Researchers found that abnormalities in the brain's blood-brain barrier may play a critical role in schizophrenia development. This discovery could lead to novel treatment strategies targeting abnormal brain blood vessels, complementing existing treatments.
A new study published in Obstetrics & Gynecology has found that epidural analgesia does not affect the duration of the second stage of labor, contrary to long-held beliefs. The research compared catheter-infused epidural anesthetic with a saline placebo and found no significant difference in duration or other outcomes.
A new growth-accommodating implant designed for cardiac repair in children can reduce the number of surgeries needed over time. The implant, developed by researchers at Boston Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, uses a biopolymer core that degrades predictably, allowing it to grow with the child.
A new DNA study has revealed a 2000% increase in our knowledge of seafloor molluscs in the Pacific Clarion Clipperton Zone. This includes the discovery of 21 previously unknown species, including one considered a living fossil.
A multi-center study funded by the NIH will test silver diamine fluoride's effectiveness in stopping cavities in young children. The trial aims to provide data for a cavity arrest drug claim and expand access to a simple, non-invasive treatment.
Researchers found that new mutations in iPS cells are concentrated in non-transcriptional regions of the genome, which are sensitive to oxidative stress. This suggests that these mutations may not lead to cancer-related adverse effects.
Scientists at Osaka University used scanning tunneling microscopy to create images of atomically flat side-surfaces of 3D silicon crystals, a crucial step towards designing smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient computer chips. The achievement paves the way for innovation in semiconductor manufacturing.
Researchers found that two psychological approaches, peer comparison and accountable justification, significantly reduced inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rates. However, when these interventions were removed after a year, some clinicians' bad habits returned, highlighting the need for long-term adoption of nudges to maintain bette...
Researchers warn that Zika virus is rapidly mutating in Brazilian patients, potentially leading to the emergence of new serotypes. This could hinder the production of effective vaccines and diagnostic tests, posing significant public health risks.
A new study by Indiana University found that homicide is the largest contributor to potential years of life lost among black Americans. The study revealed significant disparities in mortality rates between black and white Americans for all causes of death.
Developed by engineers at the University of California San Diego, the gripper combines capabilities to twist, sense, and build models of objects. Researchers tested it on an industrial robot, demonstrating its ability to manipulate a wide range of objects in low light conditions.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have discovered that ADAM13, a metalloprotease on the cell surface, regulates two critical transcription factors arid3a and tfap2- essential for human development and suppressing cancer cell division.
A new article introduces the concept of food justice to address infant feeding disparities and environmental injustices in breast milk access. The authors propose activism strategies to advance food justice, emphasizing the importance of breast milk as a basis for infants' immune response.
Researchers developed a self-propelled catheter that uses peristaltic motion to navigate ultrafine bronchi, improving biopsy accuracy. The catheter's actively curving function helps choose the direction of propulsion and its flexing drive adjusts to changes in line diameter.
A new study found that increasing testosterone levels in young male traders causes them to bid up prices, leading to price bubbles and crashes. The researchers suggest limiting the risk taken by these traders to prevent biased decision-making.
Research reveals that oxytocin is ingested by intestinal villiated epithelial cells via RAGE receptors after gut closure. This mechanism enables oxytocin to be orally administered as a medication and/or nutrient supplement in milk, promoting social brain development and communication.
Researchers found that bleached anemones led to a drastic fall in viable eggs among clownfish (-73%) and increased cortisol levels. This study reveals the impact of climate change on coral reefs and the fish that depend on them.
Researchers at MIT have developed a flexible sensor that can be ingested to diagnose gastrointestinal disorders such as slow digestion and monitor food intake. The sensor measures the rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract, providing valuable information on stomach movement.
A new study by the University of Exeter suggests that Quorn protein may be as effective as animal-based proteins in building muscle. The research compared Mycoprotein, a fungi-based protein source found in Quorn foods, to milk protein and found equivalent bioavailability.
A group of experts is advocating for more rigorous research on mindfulness and meditation to replace hype with evidence-based practices. The field faces challenges in defining mindfulness and measuring its effects, leading to inconsistent results.
A stepped care approach is more effective in reducing PTSD prevalence than usual care in the aftermath of hurricanes. The study found that stepped care delivered greater reach, treatment effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness than usual care when it came to hurricane-related PTSD.
In a study published in Springer's Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, researchers found that male black-finned goodeid fish prefer females with larger bellies and more vibrant colors. These physical traits were associated with higher reproductive value and increased chances of offspring survival.
Research found that over a third of primary school children are getting less than ten hours of sleep per night, with poor sleep associated with difficulties in paying attention in class and keeping up with school work. Removing technology from the bedroom may help improve sleep outcomes.
Patients treated by female surgeons have slightly lower death rates in the first few weeks after operation, but results do not support preferential selection of a surgeon based on sex. Researchers found no significant difference in readmissions or complications.
The article discusses a debate over Mars exploration strategies, with some experts proposing the relaxation of planetary protection policies to expand the search for life on Mars. Current robotic missions may be hindering the discovery of Martian life due to contamination concerns, but easing policies could lead to breakthroughs.
Researchers found that mice lacking fatty acid-binding proteins exhibit substantial protection against obesity and metabolic diseases as they age. However, this effect did not lengthen lifespan. The study suggests that targeting lipid chaperones may be a way to mimic the benefits of calorie restriction.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a five-year grant to further the efforts of its McNair Scholars program, which helps first-generation college students from low-income and minority backgrounds pursue master's and doctoral degrees. The program aims to increase diversity among academics and researchers.
Tropical Storm Ophelia developed on Oct. 9, strengthening into a tropical storm with strong thunderstorms and an eye-like feature. NASA forecasts gradual strengthening over the next 48 hours, with Ophelia expected to become a hurricane by Thursday.
Researchers have identified a new genetic marker, BRF1, associated with up to 1.4% of hereditary colon cancer cases. The finding allows for personalized follow-up programs and potential prevention of early onset cancer in mutation carriers.
Researchers at Umea University have discovered a plant protein that limits aphid feeding behavior, resulting in reduced sap ingestion and fewer offspring on resistant plants. The protein is thought to occlude the narrow food canal of the aphid, providing a new avenue for developing more sustainable crop resistance.
Scientists have developed a new machine learning method that can analyze x-ray data to reveal the structures and environments of catalysts during reactions. This allows for real-time analysis and optimization of reaction conditions, potentially leading to improved catalyst performance and faster production of desired products.
The partnership will expand AFS publications' global reach, providing enhanced digital presence and new services for members. AFS's renowned magazines and journals, including Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, will be published by Wiley.
Exposure to environmental chemicals, particularly during key windows of susceptibility, increases breast cancer risk. The review highlights the importance of precautionary approaches and stronger chemical safety policies.
A QUT study found drivers approach level crossings significantly faster and with less caution than at road intersections, posing a significant risk of fatalities. Drivers often fail to assess the situation properly, failing to recognize approaching trains or adapting their behavior for reduced visibility during night-time driving.
SUNY Downstate has been awarded a $10 million grant to form a translational health disparities research program, focusing on recruiting and training underrepresented minority scientists. The program will support junior faculty endowments, research fellowships, and recruit underrepresented minority students to study health disparities.
Researchers at Penn Medicine are using a fluorescent dye to identify cancerous lymph nodes during head and neck cancer procedures, providing real-time guidance for surgeons. The study aims to minimize the risk of damage to healthy tissue while removing potentially suspicious lymph nodes.
Researchers develop a quantum perovskite material that exhibits adaptive response to repeated proton insertion and removal, resembling brain's desensitization. This property enables effective programming of the material like a computer.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that official US death certificates failed to count over half of the people killed by police in 2015, with a greater proportion undercounted in lower-income counties and for deaths involving non-firearm means like Tasers. The study's findings highlight the need for better...
The $900,000 NSF grant enables researchers to analyze large datasets describing gene responses to ethylene in Arabidopsis thaliana, revealing patterns and relationships. This work has significant agricultural implications as root structure affects plant water and nutrient uptake.
Significant declines in sperm counts among men in Western countries are alarming, with a 52% fall between 1973 and 2011. The research highlights the need for further investigation into the causes of these trends, which may be linked to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
A team of researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital has successfully created functional small intestine segments using human induced pluripotent stem cells. The segments were able to absorb nutrients and transfer glucose and fatty acids into the bloodstream when transplanted into rats. This breakthrough could potentially provide a ...
Hui Feng's research aims to understand why T-ALL is so aggressive and resistant to treatment. The grant will support further studies on the role of a novel protein contributor to leukemia's aggressiveness and its potential targeting through available drugs.
A new study reveals that Mediator subunit MED25 links the jasmonate receptor to transcriptionally active chromatin. It also interacts with histone modification enzymes to regulate gene expression, integrating genetic and epigenetic regulators.
A new study found a shared respiratory microbiome in healthy humpback whales, with 25 bacterial groups present across all samples. This discovery could serve as an important framework for monitoring whale health and detecting diseases.
Researchers at MUSC are developing a gene-modifying treatment for sickle cell disease by targeting the LSD 1 enzyme. The potential breakthrough could lead to a disease-modifying treatment and fast-track human clinical trials in as few as three years.
The 2017 Kessler Foundation National Employment and Disability Survey: Supervisor Perspectives shows that most employers have processes and practices in place for the inclusion of employees with and without disabilities. Effective practices like centralized accommodation funds are highly effective, but underutilized by many organizations.
International experts have identified a new protein called ZATT that can directly clean DNA breaks without degradation, allowing for more efficient repair and potentially increasing chemotherapy sensitivity. This breakthrough has the potential to improve treatment outcomes and enable personalized therapies.
Researchers found that users struggle to use drone images to locate objects on the ground, posing challenges for emergency operations and applications. Switching from an aerial view to a ground view slows down estimates of object location, with incorrect placements four times farther away.
The proteasome complex has been found to regulate DNA packing in the nucleus, influencing gene expression. In yeast cells, the proteasome can induce heterochromatin formation but prevent its spread, suggesting an alternative mechanism of action beyond proteolysis.
Scientists have discovered that weak binding between antibodies and biological gels like mucus is more effective in trapping pathogens, making it a stronger first line of defense. This finding has the potential to revolutionize the treatment and prevention of various diseases by providing new targets for engineered antibodies.
TBA-7371 and sutezolid have entered phase 1 clinical trials after early preclinical development. These novel drugs show promise in treating TB with no pre-existing resistance, addressing a growing concern in the disease's increasing resistance to older treatments.
Web-based treatments have been found to significantly increase employment rates among individuals with severe mental illness. The studies show that participants worked for three times the number of hours and earned almost $2000 more than the control group.
Researchers at Michigan State University have identified the PNLDC1 gene as a key player in regulating sperm production, providing a genetic foundation for male birth control. The study's findings suggest that silencing this gene can lead to infertility in mice, making it a promising approach for human male contraception.
A new species of ichthyosaur, Protoichthyosaurus applebyi, has been identified from a fossil at the University of Nottingham. The specimen is significant due to its rarity and uniqueness, providing valuable insights into Britain's early fossil past and ichthyosaur evolution.
A new study reveals how rabies induces frenzied behavior in animals by binding to and inhibiting brain receptors, leading to the transmission of the disease. The research provides a molecular mechanism for this behavior change, shedding light on why rabies is devastating in poor, rural regions.
PharmaMar's Phase I/II trial combining PM1183 with doxorubicin shows a progression-free survival of 5.3 months, surpassing historical data for topotecan. The study also reveals manageable adverse events with no mucositis or neuropathy, paving the way for the pivotal Phase III Atlantis trial.
Researchers at MPFI discovered significant regional differences among chandelier cells in the hippocampus and neocortex. Chandelier cells exhibit distinct characteristics, including expanded axonal arbors, increased connections, and differential gene expression.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that law enforcement-related deaths in the US are significantly undercounted in official government data. The study used capture-recapture analysis and multilevel logistic regression to estimate the number of such deaths, finding that only 44.9% were documented by state death certificates compar...
Sandia scientists develop a system to convert surplus solar flux into additional electricity at tower CSP plants, increasing capacity by up to 10 MW and reducing costs. The concept involves cladding the tower with photovoltaic panels, generating over 10% of total capacity.
The global prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has increased significantly over the past four decades, from 0.7% to 5.6% for girls and 0.9% to 7.8% for boys. Despite this rise, more children remain moderately or severely underweight than obese globally, highlighting the need to improve food security.
Researchers at FAU successfully developed a new technique to generate an optical field that can be influenced with great precision, enabling light and electrons to coincide within 'attoseconds'. This allows for high-energy acceleration of electrons, promising applications in materials science, biology, and medicine.
A study by Queensland University of Technology found that 50% of drivers tailgate, with most leaving less than a two-second gap between vehicles. The researchers identified confusion among drivers over what is deemed a safe following distance, which can lead to rear-end crashes.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that listening without visual cues improves emotion recognition. Researchers conducted five experiments with over 1,800 participants and discovered that voice-only communication yields more accurate results than combined visual and auditory cues.
A new study has re-examined a 1970s-discovered ichthyosaur, Protoichthyosaurus, and found major differences in its forefin structure compared to Ichthyosaurus. The discovery of fake fins added to some specimens led to the recognition of a new species, Protoichthyosaurus applebyi.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed new smell tests that can detect olfactory disorders more reliably than conventional options. The tests aim to identify underlying causes of neurological disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases early on, potentially improving treatment outcomes.
A team of researchers at KAUST discovered the origin of strong photoluminescence in Cs4PbBr6, a perovskite material. Heating the crystal to 180°C irreversibly destroys its photoluminescence, but creates CsPbBr3 nanocrystals that act as traps for excitons, leading to efficient re-emission of light.
Scientists at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory have discovered poly(urethane urea) elastomers that exhibit hyperelastic behavior, becoming extremely stiff and bouncing back after high-speed impacts. This could lead to new designs for military armor, such as enhanced combat helmets.
A team of researchers from Sydney's Westmead Institute for Medical Research has discovered a new drug target, Arg1, to combat life-threatening fungal infections. The protein enables Cryptococcus neoformans fungus to establish fatal infections in patients with weakened immune systems.
Researchers have developed a new, simplified technique to produce homogeneous human brain cells in the lab, accelerating drug screening and disease study. This breakthrough allows for cost-effective production of large quantities of brain cells within weeks, enabling wider adoption in basic science and industry.
Patients with bipolar disorder who received bright light therapy at midday experienced a higher remission rate of 68% compared to 22.2% on placebo, with significant reductions in depression scores and improvements in daily functioning.
Researchers aim to reduce comorbid illness in people living with HIV by developing personalized prebiotic and probiotic therapies, targeting gut bacteria balance. The study seeks to attenuate metabolic health issues associated with harmful alcohol use and heart disease.
A recent study published in Geoderma suggests that high-intensity forest land use like grazing can counteract the positive effect of tree planting on reducing flood risk. Researchers found that infiltration rates were higher under trees when the forest was undisturbed, but decreased when sheep grazed underneath
Researchers discovered that stomach acid suppression alters specific gut bacteria in a way that promotes liver injury and progression of three types of chronic liver disease. This association was found in both mouse models and human patients with chronic alcohol abuse, highlighting the potential risks of common acid reflux medications.
A new NIH-funded study finds that biomarkers for ovarian reserve do not predict fertility in older women attempting to conceive. Hormone levels linked to menopause onset were also found to have no association with conception rates.
A randomized controlled trial found ibuprofen to be a better choice for postoperative pain relief in children aged 5-17 after minor orthopedic surgery. The study showed that ibuprofen had fewer adverse effects compared to oral morphine, which was associated with significant side effects such as nausea and drowsiness.
Researchers are exploring the role of microRNAs in brain structure changes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. The study aims to identify biomarkers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid that correlate with brain variations.
Researchers analyzed how water molecules interact with one another in three types of ice, finding that interactions depend strongly on molecule orientation and ice structure. Insights from this analysis will help understand liquid water and its behavior surrounding biomolecules.
Researchers developed a growth-accommodating implant that can expand in tune with a child's natural growth, decreasing the number of heart surgeries a child must endure. The novel design, inspired by nature, could also be adapted for other growth-accommodating implants throughout the body.
A multi-disciplinary team developed flexible sensors that can sense movement and ingestion in the stomach for at least two days. These devices can harvest energy from the gastrointestinal tract movement and potentially power novel ingestible electronic systems.
A study of 220 Australian children found that a maternal immune-mediated subtype of autism is linked to poorer social outcomes. The researchers identified associations between maternal allergies or asthma and increased severity of social symptoms in children with ASD.
Researchers at NASA and Binghamton University developed a new material, boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), which can withstand extreme temperatures and stresses, paving the way for faster planes. The study found BNNTs could handle high amounts of stress and were extremely lightweight.
A new study found that state laws mandating autism coverage by private insurers resulted in a large jump in spending on care for children with autism. Children in states with mandates were more likely to receive treatment, with increased spending on outpatient services and a significant impact on their lives.
Researchers found that neratinib can block the function of Ras oncogenes through an unexpected process, killing non-small cell lung cancer cells resistant to afatinib. The study also discovered that neratinib triggers a seismic event in the plasma membrane, rapidly reducing expression of mutated K- and N-Ras genes.
Andrea Deaton, University of Oklahoma administrator, has been designated as a Society of Research Administrators International Distinguished Faculty. She is recognized for her exemplary teaching, scholarship, and practice in research management and administration.
A global assessment reveals that genetically engineered crops producing insect-killing proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis have led to a fivefold increase in pest resistance cases over the past decade. However, some pests remain suppressed due to factors such as recessive inheritance of resistance and abundant refuges.
Scientists have discovered that the moon's mantle is composed of orthopyroxene, not olivine, contrary to previous assumptions. This finding challenges models for the formation and evolution of the Moon and its differences from Earth.
High levels of inflammation in the brain can reduce neurogenesis and increase cell death, potentially increasing depression risk. Researchers found that a protein called interferon-alpha accelerates these processes.
Scientists at ETH Zurich have developed a method to monitor lipolysis in real-time by analyzing exhaled acetone during exercise. The new breath test can detect when the body starts burning fat, allowing athletes to optimize their training regimen.
A study published in JAMA found that insulin pump therapy among young patients with type 1 diabetes was associated with lower rates of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis compared to traditional injections. This innovative treatment approach offers improved clinical outcomes for this vulnerable population.
A three-year trial will examine a new transplantation approach to cure patients with sickle cell disease using a matched related donor. The goal is to find a well-tolerated and safe cure for children with the disease.
A recent study by the University of Bristol found that India's methane emissions have shown little growth over the last few years, with accurate reporting by the country's authorities. The research used a combination of observations from the surface, an aircraft, and a satellite to quantify India's methane emissions.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that male scientists are more likely to share their research than female scientists. The researchers discovered a significant gender gap in scientific collaboration, with males being over 15% more likely to respond positively to requests for shared work.
The University of Illinois Chicago has established a Center of Excellence in minority health and health disparities research, funded by a $6.75 million NIH grant. The center will investigate social determinants contributing to health disparities in marginalized groups.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have made a significant discovery on how a harmful parasite harnesses energy, which could lead to new treatments. The study reveals that targeting a key enzyme linked to metabolism could be an effective way to kill the parasite without harming humans.
A study found that Quebec's system increased access to medicines for working population but came at a cost of $200 more per person than the rest of Canada. The private-public model disproportionately affects low-income individuals and families, with premiums exceeding three percent of household income.
Researchers have discovered that quinoa plants can absorb and store salt in bladder cells, allowing them to thrive on saline soils. This unique adaptation enables the plant to recycle energy from sugar molecules to neutralize toxic salt.
Global childhood obesity rates have increased ten-fold over four decades, with 12-16 million overweight youth in Europe. Early intervention and comprehensive policies are crucial to address this complex disease, which has strong associations with adult mortality and morbidity.
Scientists studying cone snail venom aim to develop new medicines by understanding how the poison works. Researchers have discovered that cone snail toxins can overlap between the immune and central nervous systems in humans, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treatments for neurological diseases like Alzheimer's.
The University of Illinois Chicago is conducting a $3 million study on inflammation's role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which affects one in seven women. The research aims to test whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug salsalate can improve ovarian function and reduce inflammation.
A University of Houston psychologist explores how social media influences alcohol consumption among college students, finding that heavy drinkers overestimate others' drinking and misperceive what's normal. A new intervention uses social media to provide personalized feedback and reduce excessive drinking.
Atrial fibrillation patients can use My AF app to access condition information, treatment options, and lifestyle tips. The app also enables face-to-face consultations with healthcare professionals. Meanwhile, AF Manager app helps healthcare providers import patient data, suggest personalized treatment plans, and share notes with patients.
A new study by Imperial College London and the World Health Organization found that childhood and adolescent obesity rates increased tenfold over four decades, from less than 1% in 1975 to nearly 6% in girls and 8% in boys in 2016. The number of obese children and adolescents is expected to surpass those who are underweight by 2022. He...
A large-scale study found that patients who receive antibiotics before certain types of low-risk operations have the same risk for developing antibiotic-resistant infections as those who don't. The study analyzed data from over 22,000 patients and found no association between prophylactic antibiotic use and postoperative antibiotic res...
Researchers found that ceritinib, an FDA-approved drug for ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer, also inhibits previously unknown targets. The study shows promise for repurposing the drug to target other cancers with networked alterations.
A recent study reveals that education and knowledge have little impact on individual behavior when it comes to major issues like the environment and personal health. Conservationists were found to behave in a marginally 'greener' manner, but with surprisingly modest differences compared to economists and medics.
A study published in JAMA found that stopping behavioral interventions aimed at reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing led to an increase in such prescribing practices, despite previous effectiveness of the interventions. The randomized trial, which included 47 primary care practices and 248 clinicians, showed a decrease in appr...
A DNA variant in the DNMT3B gene is associated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence, as well as heavier smoking and a higher likelihood of developing lung cancer. The study, which analyzed over 38,600 participants, provides new insights into the genetic factors influencing addiction.
The participation of women in the labor force has nearly doubled since 1950, benefiting everyone, including men, with average wages increasing as a result. Women bring important skills and perspectives to businesses, making them more productive and competitive.
Two mass extinction events led to the survival of a low number of 'weedy' species that spread globally, affecting ecosystems and biogeography. The findings shed light on modern high extinction rates and potential consequences for current biodiversity loss.
Researchers have identified adenosine receptor A2a as a potential target for reducing dysfunctional blood vessel development in the eye. Blocking this receptor has been shown to inhibit pathological angiogenesis and promote healthy blood vessel formation, offering new hope for treating diabetic retinopathy.
Experts recommend quality measures for preterm birth, preeclampsia, cesarean birth, and other high-risk pregnancy complications. The measures aim to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates and improve healthcare outcomes.
Researchers publish high-resolution data on particle density in equatorial Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, finding that particle density increases again in 300-600 meters of water depth due to daily migratory behavior of plankton organisms. This challenges previous assumptions about the flow of particles into the deep sea.
Researchers analyzed 56 high-quality studies on dementia to identify gaps in knowledge, focusing on caregiver behavior, environment, and progression of disease. The study aims to inform treatment design and interventions to reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia patients.
A new CAMH study found that people unaware of their memory loss are more likely to progress to Alzheimer's disease. Those aware of memory problems are unlikely to develop dementia. The study used PET brain scans to identify specific brain regions affected in impaired illness awareness.
Researchers in Japan have developed a wavelength-selective plasmonic metamaterial absorber to enhance the generation of spin currents from heat produced in the mid-infrared regime. The unique combination enables stronger light absorption and shows excellent tenability of these metamaterials' resonance wavelengths.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University found that hammerhead sharks use different body movements to swim at the same speed, despite varying head shapes and sizes. The study revealed a double oscillating system in their movement, allowing for increased sensory perception and scanning of the environment.
Researchers identified genes linked to insulin secretion, immunity, and ultraviolet protection that showed adaptive selection in African dogs. The study found functional verification of ADGRE1's role in providing host immunity to Plasmodium infection.
Researchers at Kent State University are working with NASA Glenn Research Center to develop a new method for identifying and monitoring cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie. Using hyperspectral imaging, the team aims to improve water quality and reduce the impact of these toxic cyanobacteria on local communities.
Researchers from King's College London predict that care homes will become the most common place to die, with over 230,000 annual deaths predicted by 2040. This increase is driven by a rise in deaths occurring at home and a decline in hospital deaths.
Researchers prepared porous MoS2 with high specific surface area using APTES-modified SiO2 hard template and different sulfur sources. The resulting materials exhibited good performance in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oil, a promising route for upgrading this liquid fuel.
Researchers developed improved mini brain organoids from stem cells, closely mimicking human brain structure. They found critical similarities between the organoids and real brain tissue and identified effective drugs to block Zika's entry into the brain, offering new avenues for studying neurological disorders
Army researchers have discovered subtle variations in the dynamic behavior of materials under fatigue cycles, including shifts in natural frequency. The study aims to develop new sensing techniques for predicting service life and enabling self-responsive, damage-adaptive structures.
Research suggests that perinatal BPA exposure can lead to reduced gut bacterial diversity and elevated gut permeability, resulting in chronic colon and liver inflammation. Early correction of gut dysbiosis induced by environmental toxins may reduce the risk for chronic diseases later in life.
Researchers mapped 27 types of illegal activities in Brazilian protected areas, with vegetation suppression and hunting being the most common. Human population density and accessibility were key factors influencing these activities, highlighting the need for targeted conservation efforts.
A team of scientists has identified a specific group of giant bacteria, Epulopiscium, that dominate the intestines of Red Sea surgeonfish and enable them to digest different types of algae. The discovery sheds light on the basis of surgeonfish diversity and provides a valuable genetic resource for developing algal-based biofuels.
A study published in JAMA found that biomarkers indicating diminished ovarian reserve were not associated with reduced fertility in women aged 30-44 attempting natural conception. Low AMH or high FSH levels were not linked to lower fecundability or cumulative probability of conceiving.
A new study reveals that mass extinctions have predictable consequences, leading to low diversity and the emergence of dominant species. The researchers analyzed nearly 900 animal species between 260-175 million years ago and found a global pattern of 'disaster faunas'.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution identified an extensive conserved group of bacteria within healthy humpback whales' blow. The discovery could serve as a framework for monitoring the health of this species and others, with potential implications for disease detection and conservation.
Researchers have uncovered secrets of how bacteria turn off protein biosynthesis to conserve energy and survive under stressful conditions. Hibernating ribosomes, found in Gram-positive bacteria like Staph, help them survive by suppressing translation, making them a potential target for new antibiotics.
Taking prescribed sleep medications for insomnia increases risk of falling in older adults, according to researchers. Non-drug approaches like cognitive behavioral therapy may be more effective and safer.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that using cystatin C with creatinine to estimate GFR for chronic kidney disease diagnosis resulted in increased healthcare costs without improved risk prediction. The test led to a higher number of patients being reclassified to more advanced CKD, requiring more frequent monitoring and referrals.
Research at Sam Houston State University found that home-brewing techniques using unwashed poppy seeds can produce lethal doses of morphine. The study reveals the potential danger of consuming moderate volumes of poppy seed tea, which can lead to overdose or death.
A new University of Michigan study reveals the NFL's transformation from a leader in avoiding concussion discussion to one that now leads the charge. The league has implemented significant changes, including creating expert-only committees and advocating for legislation, to address the issue, which had previously damaged its public image.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have been awarded a federal grant to develop a genetically engineered mouse model that more closely mirrors human Alzheimer's disease. The new mouse will enable superior testing of therapies designed to slow or prevent the disease, according to experts.
Researchers found that menopause triggers metabolic changes in the brain, increasing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study used PET imaging to measure glucose metabolism in the brains of 43 healthy women aged 40-60, revealing lower levels of glucose metabolism in post-menopausal women.