A study suggests that donor organs classified as 'increased risk' due to factors like drug use or incarceration are less likely to be used by transplant patients. Despite low disease transmission risks, these organs account for 1 in every 5 deceased donor organs and could lead to hundreds of additional transplants each year.
Jens Nielsen, Scientific Director at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, received the ENI Energy Frontiers Award for his groundbreaking research on producing fuels and chemical products from renewable sources. The award recognizes his work on engineering microorganisms to open new solutions for biofuel production.
A second-grade handwashing experiment found a 90% reduction in bacteria on hands after washing or using sanitizer gel. This led to a significant decrease in illness-related absences among students.
UC Davis researcher Sean Collins receives $1.5M NIH award to develop smart immune cells that can control their recruitment and response to tumors without amplifying attack signals, reducing potential side effects. The goal is to create targeted therapies with controlled responses.
The Southwest Telehealth Resource Center, funded by a $975,000 grant, assists healthcare providers in Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada in connecting with rural patients. The center provides training, technical assistance, and business planning support to help start-up and existing telehealth programs expand their services.
Medicare beneficiaries who receive home health services from lower-quality agencies are more likely to experience higher rates of hospital admissions and emergency department visits. Home health care is a critical area for addressing healthcare disparities, particularly among vulnerable populations.
Researchers have found that crystalline tungsten exhibits anisotropic resistivity, with smaller resistivity in certain orientations. The study's findings demonstrate the potential for tungsten to reduce nanowire resistance and may pave the way for new materials to replace copper interconnects.
Researchers found that patients with Crohn's disease have higher levels of fungus Candida tropicalis compared to healthy family members. Antifungals and probiotics could help restore balance to the microbiome, reducing inflammation.
New research reveals light-activated nanoparticles can re-potentiate existing antibiotics for certain clinical isolate infections. The nanoparticles release superoxide, making bacteria more susceptible to the original antibiotic and reducing effective resistance by a factor of 1,000.
Long-term mental exercises lead to specific restructuring of the social brain, including changes in gray matter volume and cortical thickness. This is associated with reduced indicators of stress and improved attention, compassion, and cognitive perspective-taking.
A recent study from the University of Rochester Medical Center found that teenagers who start high school before 8:30 a.m. are at higher risk of depression and anxiety, even with good sleep hygiene. The study suggests that later school start times may be a strong protective factor for teens.
A new study by Midwestern University found that physical and occupational therapists are at increased risk of contracting CMV due to lack of knowledge on prevention methods. The study highlights the need for educational initiatives to address the knowledge gap among these healthcare professionals.
A new study by University of Guelph researchers found that female ovarian hormones and a circadian 'clock' molecule protect women's heart health as they age. This discovery may help prevent heart disease in older adults, with implications for both men and women.
Researchers found that accurately transcribing DNA overrides DNA repair, with bacteria becoming hundreds of times more efficient at repairing DNA damage when the transcription fidelity factor GreA is absent. This discovery challenges traditional understanding and has significant implications for cancer research and evolution.
A study of Dutch children who lost a parent to intimate partner homicide found that two-thirds had experienced violence at home before the incident. The children were often not previously known to mental health and social services, highlighting a need for better support.
A new study uses DNA analysis of albatross feces to assess their diet and interactions with fisheries, revealing a high level of fishery involvement in some areas. This non-invasive technique provides a valuable tool for improving fisheries management and monitoring marine biodiversity.
Researchers have discovered Freon-40, an organohalogen, around two celestial objects: an infant star and a comet. The finding suggests that these molecules may form readily in stellar nurseries, providing insights into the chemical evolution of planetary systems.
A phase 1 clinical trial demonstrated the safety and ability of a new DNA-based Zika vaccine to elicit an immune response against the virus, with 100% of participants developing Zika-specific antibodies. The vaccine also showed promise in preventing infection in immunocompromised mice.
Researchers analyze how pay-it-forward college financing programs could increase college access, making attendance nearly universal. Income share agreements may deter people from attending college if incremental gain is relatively small, but subsidies would not necessarily decrease.
Researchers create nanostructures with aluminum core and metallic islands that capture light energy, enabling powered chemical reactions. The technique allows for customizable surface chemistry and reactivity in one material.
A clinical trial found that virtual reality tours of operating rooms reduced preoperative anxiety in children. The study used a 4-minute video showing Pororo the penguin visiting the OR, explaining its contents in a friendly manner.
A study led by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that fertility preservation is associated with increased optimism about the future for survivors, but remains underutilized by at-risk patients with cancer. Meeting with a fertility specialist and parental recommendations are key factors in deciding to bank sperm.
A longitudinal neuroimaging study found that fetal MRI can detect brain damage caused by Zika exposure in utero more effectively than standard ultrasound. The study revealed three pregnancies with abnormal fetal MRIs showing extensive areas of brain damage, which were not detected by ultrasound.
The CSAIL team developed a VR system that lets users teleoperate robots using an Oculus Rift headset. The system mimics the user's movements to complete various tasks, making it feel like they are inside the robot's head. This technology could enable blue-collar workers to telecommute and benefit from the IT revolution.
A new study found that childhood bullying causes mental health issues such as anxiety in the short term, but the negative impact decreases over time. The research, published in JAMA Psychiatry, used a robust study design to identify causation and suggests that children exposed to bullying can recover with continuous support.
This special issue of the Journal of African American Studies marks 40 years since Prince went pro, featuring scholarly analysis of his groundbreaking debut album For You. The collection provides fresh perspectives on Prince's innovative approach to music production and control.
A new study found that college students who dislike their classes are equally likely to cheat, regardless of whether instructors emphasize mastering content or good grades. The factor that best predicts cheating is a personality trait: high need for sensation.
A new study in The FASEB Journal reveals that over-expression of the GTRAP3-18 gene is linked to obesity in humans. Inhibiting its interaction with POMC might be a strategy for treating leptin/insulin resistance in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that silencing the Hippo signaling pathway can reverse severe heart failure in an animal model. The study found that inhibiting this pathway induces heart muscle cell proliferation and reduces fibrosis, leading to improved heart function.
Scientists will use NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to study the creation of the universe's first galaxies and stars. With its powerful spectrographic instruments, Webb will see much more detail than imaging alone can provide, allowing scientists to study how gases transformed into stars in the first galaxies.
Recent study in Journal of Wildlife Management suggests trophy hunting doesn't drive artificial selection, altering horn and antler sizes. Researchers argue that numerous obstacles counteract hunter selection, minimizing population-level changes.
High-risk newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) exhibit reduced functional connectivity between key brain regions even before undergoing corrective open heart surgery. Global network organization remains intact, but small world networks show remarkable ability to withstand early-life brain injury.
A combination of biosolids, zinc, and limestone effectively lowers cadmium levels in spinach to non-toxic levels. This innovative approach aims to protect local producers and consumers by growing safe and profitable crops.
A new study found that high-intensity resistance and impact training for just 30 minutes, twice a week, improved bone density and structure in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. The exercise program was also associated with enhanced functional performance and reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture.
Plants form a symbiotic relationship with fungi, gaining key nutrients while also becoming more resistant to diseases and drought. The fungal symbiosis increases the plant's levels of certain hormones, making it more tolerant to environmental stressors and ultimately contributing to sustainable agriculture.
Tropical Depression 16 developed in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on Oct. 4, according to NASA imagery from Terra and Aqua satellites. The depression is forecast to bring heavy rainfall and life-threatening flash floods to parts of Nicaragua, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph.
A new analysis highlights the importance of considering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects in establishing drug doses. The study found that more trials used pharmacology endpoints in 2015 compared to 2007, but some still escalated without documented assessment.
A study found that consuming high sugar diets increases fat levels in the blood and liver, raising cardiovascular health risks. Healthy men with low liver fat showed similar changes after consuming a high sugar diet, highlighting the importance of sugar intake regulation.
Researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have identified a Zika virus mutation that contains a sugar in its protein envelope, which may help the virus enter the brain. This discovery could explain why the virus became more lethal during outbreaks in the Caribbean and South America.
Anaerobic bacteria can produce vitamin ergothioneine in oxygen-free environments, challenging the previously oxygen-dependent theory. This discovery suggests that ergothioneine may have played a crucial role in early Earth's life forms.
The $1-million upgrade will enhance the Palmetto Cluster's power, supporting over 370 faculty members and students in various research fields. The new hardware is expected to enable state-of-the-art innovations in materials science, medicine, environment, and energy economy.
A new study found that ride-hailing services decrease alcohol-involved crashes in Portland and San Antonio, but not Reno. The researchers suggest city-specific characteristics may influence the impact of ride-hailing on crash rates.
Tropical Storm Ramon has revealed powerful storms around its center through infrared data from NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite. The storm is moving west-northwest at 7 mph, with slight strengthening forecast over the next 48 hours.
A team of researchers has discovered a type Ia supernova that can be explained by the ignition of helium on a white dwarf's surface, marking a significant breakthrough in understanding this phenomenon. The team used Hyper Suprime-Cam mounted on the Subaru Telescope to detect over 100 supernovae candidates in one night.
Researchers developed a predictive model using childhood blood-lead level records and census data to identify high-risk areas. The model highlights the importance of targeting poor and minority neighborhoods with interventions and support.
New research questions assumption that variability is key to population growth and survival. Variability in single-cell organisms can lower population growth rate in fixed environments.
A new DNA-based Zika vaccine candidate has demonstrated both safety and the ability to elicit an immune response against Zika in humans. The phase 1 clinical trial showed that participants produced an immune response against Zika with minimal adverse effects.
A 28-study analysis reveals night shift workers are more likely to develop abdominal obesity and experience an increased risk of obesity compared to permanent day workers. Modifying working schedules to avoid prolonged exposure to long-term night shifts might help reduce this risk, according to the study.
W. Stanley Wilson, founder of NASA's Oceanography from Space Program and organizer of the international coalition supporting the Argo observing system, is recognized for his key role in these initiatives. He will be formally recognized on February 13, 2018, during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting.
Researchers have developed a new hybrid nanomaterial that can efficiently extract hydrogen fuel from seawater using solar energy. This breakthrough could lead to a new source of clean-burning fuel, reducing demand for fossil fuels and boosting the economy of Florida.
A first-of-its-kind study found that frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) causes substantial economic burden on patients and caregivers, with combined annual costs of $119,654. The study revealed significant impact on household income and quality of life, with most patients forced to leave the labor force during their prime earning years.
A Danish study found that one in four people leave their job within a year of returning to work after having a heart attack. The study analyzed long-term employment patterns and found that younger people, those with heart failure or depression, were more likely to drop out of the workforce.
Researchers have developed a synthetic molecule, SUW133, that awakens dormant HIV cells and then knocks them out. The technique, called 'kick and kill,' could lower the viral reservoir enough for people with HIV to discontinue their anti-viral therapy.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered an antidote that rapidly stops the intoxicating effects of synthetic cannabinoids like 'Spice'. The study used mice to test a molecule called AM251, which blocks cannabinoid receptors and leads to a loss of behavioral effects within minutes.
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute found that mental training changes brain structure and reduces social stress. The study used three 3-month training modules focusing on different competencies, including socio-affective and socio-cognitive abilities.
Astronomers have detected Freon-40, an organohalogen compound, around an infant star and a comet using ALMA and Rosetta. This finding suggests that organohalogens may be significant components of planetary formation materials, rather than indicators of life.
A new UCLA study shows that black tea alters energy metabolism in the liver by changing gut metabolites, promoting weight loss and improving lean body mass. Both black and green tea change the ratio of intestinal bacteria, with black tea stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Researchers discovered a simple chemical mimic of host defense peptides can cure bacterial infections, either alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics. The study suggests new alternatives for treating life-threatening bacterial threats.
A study found that Medicaid patients experienced surgical treatment delays more frequently than those with private insurance for melanoma surgeries. Non-white patients and those without dermatologist referrals also faced longer wait times.
A study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that resistance training can prevent age-related tendon problems, such as ruptures and tendinopathies. The study found that trained rats showed fewer signs of age-related damage than sedentary rats.