Scientists developed a CRISPR gene-editing technique that can correct most DMD mutations by making a single cut at strategic points along the patient's DNA. The new strategy enhances genome editing accuracy and offers an efficient alternative to individualized molecular treatments.
Research suggests that excessive sugar intake can be harmful, especially to the liver, due to insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A new mouse study shows that moderate amounts of fruit sugar will not reach the liver.
A new study of over 6,000 first-graders across four US communities has found a significant number of children have fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), with conservative rates ranging from 1 to 5 percent. FASD is an umbrella term for health effects caused by prenatal alcohol exposure.
A team of computer scientists has developed a new system to rapidly determine which cancer drugs are likely to work best given a patient's genetic markers. eGARD, the first publicly available system of its kind, can match genetic signatures with outcomes with 95 percent precision.
Researchers discovered ways to improve computing efficiency in cloud-based containers, reducing latency by utilizing caching and prefetching. The study analyzed 38 million requests and 181.3 TB of traces, finding that younger nonproduction registries experience lower loads compared to production systems.
A study by Dr Heejung Chung at the University of Kent found that low-skilled workers and those perceived as more insecure are less likely to access non-statutory flexible working arrangements. This division is particularly pronounced in northern European countries with the best family-friendly working-time arrangements.
A new study found that individuals who think further into the future tend to avoid risks, but this is not related to investment behavior. Instead, those with longer future-sightedness are more likely to choose waiting for future rewards.
A team of researchers discovered that mild heat stress damages the cell wall of Salmonella bacteria without rupturing them. This finding could lead to more efficient ways to deactivate bacteria using shorter heating times at lower temperatures, improving food safety and reducing energy consumption.
Research suggests that over-the-counter pain medication can impact individuals' sensitivity to painful experiences, ability to empathize with others, and processing of information. This could have implications for public health and policymakers should consider potential risks and benefits.
A study led by Colorado State University researchers found that a change in the city's drinking water supply from Lake Huron to the Flint River likely caused the 2014-15 Legionnaires' disease outbreak. The majority of cases, estimated at 80%, were attributed to this change.
Oceanographers Paul Falkowski and James J. McCarthy have been awarded the prestigious Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement for their decades-long efforts to understand and communicate the impacts of climate change. Their research, focusing on marine ecosystems and nutrient cycles, has significantly advanced our understanding of hu...
Researchers discovered that blind Mexican cavefish have higher levels of Hypocretin, a neuropeptide linked to human narcolepsy. This finding may explain why some animals sleep less than others and provides insight into potential treatments for insomnia.
Scientists have detailed the normal human blood-nerve barrier transcriptome for the first time, revealing 12,881 RNA transcripts that define its structure and function. This comprehensive guide will help physicians understand how to keep nerves healthy and design targeted treatments for peripheral nerve disease.
Researchers found that sick bees living with the gut parasite Nosema ceranae preferred higher-quality pollen when given the option. This preference could influence which flowers are visited by bees, impacting both native and crop pollination.
Researchers at McGill University and Columbia University Irving Medical Center found that variations in large airway branches are associated with higher COPD prevalence. People with certain airway tree variations are more likely to have COPD, especially if they smoke, highlighting the importance of quitting smoking as the best antidote.
The active genetics technology has been used to edit gene regulatory elements in fruit flies, revealing new fundamental mechanisms controlling gene activity. The researchers provided experimental validation for using active genetics as an efficient means for targeted gene insertion and single-step replacement of genetic control elements.
A new study by Concordia professor Natalie Phillips explores the effects of bilingualism on patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. The research found that multilingual individuals may be able to compensate for AD-related tissue loss by accessing alternative networks in their brains for memory processing.
Researchers have developed a new way to measure the activity of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a protein associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. By identifying specific client proteins tied to Hsp70 activity, scientists can now develop potential therapies by testing small molecules in real-world environments.
Paleontologists from University of Alberta discover new species of fish in Colombia with the aid of a curious tourist who spotted a fossil shape in flagstones. The fossil, 90 million years old, is the first 'lizard fish' from Cretaceous period found in tropical South America.
A new algorithm provides a comprehensive guide to managing spinal metastases, integrating specialties and offering personalized treatment approaches. The algorithm focuses on spine-specific issues and incorporates popular treatment paths, including surgical decompression and stereotactic body radiotherapy.
Researchers recommend changes to international guidelines to collect more patient-reported outcomes, improving understanding of treatment impacts on patients' health and quality of life. The updated guidance aims to facilitate high-quality data analysis and reporting, ultimately enhancing patient-centered care.
A recent study suggests that vitamin A in cattle fodder can prevent a reaction to cow's milk proteins. The study found that retinoic acid pockets the beta-lactoglobulin protein, transforming it into a tolerogen and potentially preventing an allergic immune response.
The study found that cleaner shipping fuels will result in a significant reduction of childhood asthma cases, with an estimated 14 million annual cases related to global ship pollution using current fuels. The new IMO rule will decrease the allowable amount of sulphur in fuel oil from 35,000 ppm to 5,000 ppm.
Young adults with highly committed relationships and strong sexual decision-making roles are more likely to use hormonal or long-acting contraceptives. Conversely, those in less committed relationships or who have played a lesser role in contraceptive decisions tend to rely on condoms.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara found evidence that the amino acid arginine was essential for protein-aptamer interactions, potentially altering our understanding of the origin of life. This discovery provides new insights into the ideal conditions for life to emerge, with implications for various hypotheses and experiments.
Global ozone decline since the 1970s persists, with unexpected decreases in lower stratosphere preventing recovery at lower latitudes. Scientists point to climate change and short-lived substances as potential causes.
Researchers identified powerful antimicrobial agents in some ant species but found that many others don't produce them, challenging conventional wisdom. The study suggests ants could be a future source of new antibiotics to fight human diseases.
A team of researchers from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has used cryo-electron microscopy to capture the structure of full-length serotonin receptors for the first time. This breakthrough provides valuable insights into molecular binding sites that could lead to more precise drug design and targeted therapies.
A new study found that medical marijuana dispensaries are associated with lower rates of opioid overdose deaths, but only in states with loosely regulated dispensary systems. The association declined sharply after 2010 as state laws became more tightly regulated and the opioid crisis shifted to heroin and fentanyl.
Pennsylvania has developed effective ash-management plans to combat the emerald ash borer, which offers a model for other regions. The plans include tree inventory, monitoring, management tools, and education, tailored to each community's conditions and goals.
Scientists at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and Rutherford Appleton Laboratory discovered that electrons traveling faster than light in glass live much longer than expected, lasting over 2000 times longer than the exciting laser pulse.
Researchers at Hokkaido University identified a key process enabling Ebola virus entry, targeting antiviral drug development.
Researchers at James Cook University found that a new technique, Category Cluster Recall (CCR), improves eyewitness recall compared to traditional free recall methods. Using CCR, witnesses were prompted to remember specific details in categories, resulting in more accurate and detailed information being recalled.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University developed a new cyanine dye that can work in water and exhibits fluorescence in acidic conditions. The dye has multiple benefits, including dual fluorescence under near-infrared and visible light, making it suitable for biomedical research.
Researchers have developed a novel technology platform to genetically modify phage genomes systematically, providing additional functionality. The new phage workbench allows for the creation of custom bacteriophages with various functions, overcoming constraints associated with naturally occurring phages.
New virus-cracking molecules can disrupt viral capsid assembly, preventing replication and killing new copies of the virus. This breakthrough could lead to better treatments against multiple viruses, including polio and herpes.
Researchers at Aalto University found major deficiencies in ageing tests of perovskite and dye-sensitized solar cells. Most tests lacked common standards, were performed in dark conditions, or reported insufficient data.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that schooling fish groups exhibit different collective behaviors, with some showing better coordination and leadership than others. The study found that individual group members differ consistently in their behavior, influencing group performance and survival.
Researchers from Sun Yat-Sen University have developed a new type of optical ceramic material using metal-organic frameworks, which can be transparent or optically clear. The material has been shown to have high optical transmittance and can be used for applications such as lasing gain medium and amplified spontaneous emission.
Researchers quantify viruses swept up into free troposphere, carried thousands of km before being deposited back onto Earth. The majority of viruses were found to have originated from sea spray, indicating long-range transport through the atmosphere.
Scientists have reconfigured porphyrins to exploit their special properties by 'turning them inside out'. This discovery opens new horizons for these natural pigments as efficient metal-free catalysts. The findings could lead to applications in chemistry, biochemistry, physics and beyond.
Researchers at Oregon State University found that symptoms of alcoholism make it difficult for patients to take naltrexone, a medication approved to treat alcohol use disorder. The study suggests that ongoing daily contact with the patient is crucial to improving adherence, particularly after heavy drinking episodes or strong cravings.
Researchers studying water quality around hydraulic fracturing found a blueprint for moving conversations forward through publicly available data and collaboration. The Shale Network has fostered dialogue among diverse stakeholders, including citizens, watershed groups, and energy companies.
Researchers found that the Moon's excessive equatorial bulge formed slowly over four billion years ago as it receded from Earth. The study suggests a weaker young Sun may have enabled this process, with implications for our understanding of Earth's early energy dissipation.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that resistance to azithromycin and ceftriaxone in China is increasing, threatening the effectiveness of dual therapy for gonorrhea treatment. The prevalence of dual resistance rose from 1.9% in 2013 to 3.3% in 2016.
Scientists have developed a new method to rank the risk of resistance genes in bacteria, allowing for better prediction of antibiotic evolution and development. By analyzing 200 genes, researchers identified key factors influencing gene transfer and integration into new hosts.
Researchers developed water-splitting catalyst made of nickel and iron, but uncertainty remained about its mechanism. New study reveals iron performs water-splitting reaction, not nickel, paving the way for improved catalysts.
A study published in JAMA found that patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) are at increased risk of stroke after non-cardiac surgery. The researchers analyzed data from over 150,000 patients and found that approximately 3.2% of those with a PFO experienced a stroke within 30 days, compared to 0.5% without one.
New research from the University of Arizona contradicts the Toba catastrophe hypothesis by showing no significant negative impact on vegetation growing in East Africa after the 74,000-year-old volcanic eruption. The study found some die-off of mountain plants just after the eruption, but no massive die-off of vegetation at all elevations.
Researchers developed a new model to characterize ice accumulation on aircraft wings, including mixed ice forms and their effects on adhesion characteristics. The study aims to improve understanding of thermally active nanocoatings to combat ice formation.
Researchers developed a social emotion mining computer model that predicts the right ordering among six Facebook emoticons in terms of votes. The new robust label ranking model outperforms existing solutions and can help social media managers and advertisers analyze their content more accurately.
BurstCube will detect gamma-ray bursts caused by massive star collapses and neutron star mergers, as well as solar flares. The mission uses miniaturized detector technology to study these high-energy events and their origins.
A new study reveals that northern permafrost soils store nearly twice as much mercury as all other soils, the ocean, and the atmosphere combined. The discovery has significant implications for understanding the global mercury cycle and potential environmental consequences of thawing permafrost.
AWI researchers found that temperature variability during glacial periods was not uniform worldwide, with intense variations in the Tropics but less so in other regions. The study used a unique global comparison of data from core samples to improve predictions for future climate change.
A team led by Chang-Beom Eom at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has directly observed a two-dimensional hole gas, a counterpart to the two-dimensional electron gas. The discovery is crucial for advancing oxide electronics materials, which could enable new concepts and applications in fields like computing and communication.
A study by the University of Waterloo found that mixed-use developments in Toronto neighbourhoods led to increased costs and reduced social diversity, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. The study suggests that good policy, such as inclusionary zoning and affordable housing trusts, is needed to address these issues.
A study suggests that early Neanderthals in southern Tuscany used fire to create digging sticks and shape wooden tools. The site's fossil bones and cut marks indicate a high level of technical expertise in toolmaking, dating back to around 171,000 years ago.
Scientists at USC Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute have developed a more efficient pathway for converting methane into basic chemicals. The new catalyst, H-SAPO-34, converts methane directly into ethylene and propylene, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and replacing traditional processes.
A study has identified five novel genetic variants associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that also influence educational attainment. The findings suggest a shared genetic basis between the two conditions, which may contribute to academic underachievement in children with ADHD.
Research led by the Universities of Leicester and Edinburgh reveals that surface ozone levels are detrimental to human health, with increasing levels in East Asia. The study analyzed data from over 4,800 monitoring stations worldwide, showing a decrease in ozone levels in Europe and North America but an increase in East Asia.