Researchers develop a genetic model that eliminates c-Raf kinase, causing tumor regression with low toxicity; validation opens new possibilities for therapies against KRAS-driven cancers. Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.
Direct DNA sequencing is uncovering unexpected genetic connections between ancient and modern populations in Eurasia, suggesting early gene flow or population structure that led to Europeans and Asians. Genetic analyses also reveal Neanderthal ancestry and mixing events, providing new insights into human prehistory.
The approval of Spinraza marks the emergence of a new class of biological products, following predictable patterns of innovation. Analysis of over 60,000 research publications reveals that successful product development characteristically follows the maturation of enabling research.
A study published in Nature Communications used virtual reality to train subjects, then showed that different areas of the hippocampus are activated for different types of memories. The researchers found that the hippocampus is involved in linking similar experiences and encoding time and space information.
New study finds that mammal movements are reduced by up to three-fold in areas with high human activity, affecting not only individual animals but also ecosystems. Movement distances vary by species and resource availability, suggesting a complex interplay between humans and wildlife.
Cancer researchers have identified CDK12 inhibitors as a potential treatment option for Ewing sarcoma, a rare and aggressive childhood cancer. The inhibitors show promise in killing Ewing sarcoma cells and can be combined with PARP inhibitors to increase effectiveness. This breakthrough brings hope to the pediatric oncology field, whic...
Scientists have identified a key role for protein MIRO1 in attaching peroxisomes to molecular motors, enabling movement and membrane dynamics in human cells. This discovery has provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms determining peroxisome number and shape.
The organization raised $2.4 million to fund groundbreaking science at the Salk Institute, Rady Children's Hospital, Moores Cancer Center, and Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. This funding supports collaborative, translational research with a focus on clinical trials.
A new study suggests that ultrafine aerosol particles can increase cloud formation and warm surrounding air, intensifying thunderstorm-causing clouds in the Amazonian tropics. This finding highlights the potential for human-made aerosols to influence global weather patterns.
Researchers at UConn Health have reversed Prader-Willi syndrome in lab-grown brain cells by targeting the ZNF274 protein, which silences many genes. The breakthrough provides clues for treating this genetic disorder and offers new hope for patients with life-threatening childhood obesity.
Researchers found that mammals move up to 2-3 times less in human-modified areas compared to natural habitats. This study, led by Penn State researcher Duane Diefenbach, analyzed movement data from 57 mammal species across the globe.
Researchers have successfully coupled a single electron spin and a single photon on a silicon chip, enabling the transfer of quantum information between them. This breakthrough paves the way for scaling up quantum bits on silicon chips, a crucial step towards creating more powerful quantum computers.
Researchers at UC San Diego have identified a new genetic pathway that plays an active role in neuron damage regeneration. The discovery of the PIWI-interacting small RNA (piRNA) pathway could offer therapeutic targets for helping neurons regrow after traumatic injuries and stroke.
A new study found that 11.1 billion plastic items are lodged on coral reefs across the Asia-Pacific region, increasing the risk of coral disease by 85x. Plastic debris is linked to a 20-fold increased risk of disease, particularly skeletal eroding band disease.
Researchers found that people from Western Germany have higher levels of narcissism than those from Eastern Germany, with a greater impact on the younger generation. Self-esteem scores were opposite, with East Germans recording higher scores.
A new recycling method restores used cathode particles from spent lithium ion batteries, restoring charge storage capacity, charging time, and battery lifetime. The process reduces energy consumption compared to other methods and aims to address environmental concerns and economic issues related to battery waste.
US women's perceptions of the perfect female figure have evolved to a thin and toned ideal, according to a recent study led by Frances Bozsik. The research found that recent Miss USA winners are no longer only exemplifying extreme thinness, but also becoming increasingly muscular over the past 15 years.
A new study found that women with low carbohydrate intake are 30% more likely to have babies with neural tube defects. Folic acid supplementation is crucial for minimizing this risk, as many women may not take a daily multivitamin before and during pregnancy.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have developed a novel technique using nanoparticles and light to target and kill metastatic cancer cells. The technique, which harnesses the power of chemotherapy drugs and radiation, shows promise in treating multiple myeloma and aggressive breast cancer.
A study of Irish genomes reveals 23 distinct clusters separated by geography, with British ancestry influencing western populations. The research also detects genetic input from Europe and estimates the timing of historical migrations, including those of the Norse-Vikings and Anglo-Normans.
Researchers uncover new insights into how stem cells transform into brain cells controlling leg movements in fruit flies, with implications for understanding comparable systems in humans. The study finds that two critical cell types, born from the same stem cell, facilitate the construction of a mature motor system.
Researchers found a genetic mutation that alters limb shape by changing the regulation of a specific gene. This discovery provides evidence for how interchromosomal translocations can lead to morphological alterations.
A new study at MIT's Picower Institute explains how the brain achieves category abstractions through distinct rhythms in the prefrontal cortex. When matching images with close resemblance, gamma rhythms were crucial, while beta rhythms played a key role when abstraction was needed.
Researchers found a link between renal cysts and an increased risk of stroke, independent of other factors. The study suggests that renal cysts may be an early sign of kidney damage, highlighting the importance of monitoring for this condition.
A new study by Cornell University reveals that oceanic plastic trash can convey disease to coral reefs, leading to devastating consequences. The research found that the presence of plastic debris on reefs increases the likelihood of disease from 4 to 89 percent.
Research reveals exposure to air pollution during high school is correlated with menstrual cycle irregularity, potentially affecting reproductive health. The findings suggest reducing emissions could mitigate human disease implications.
Scientists have discovered a protein called Setd7 that regulates stem cell growth and differentiation. Inhibiting this protein allows stem cells to remain undifferentiated, facilitating tissue regeneration and improved muscle function.
A study found that only one-third of individuals with retinal infarction underwent basic testing, and fewer than one in 10 were seen by a neurologist. This highlights the importance of expediting stroke evaluation testing for those who have experienced a retinal infarction.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered a new mechanism by which heart cells sense stiffness, involving both contraction forces and resting tension. The study found increased resting tension in heart cells after a heart attack or disease, leading to abnormal mechanosensing and signalling that contributes to heart fail...
A new study of 5,000 older people in the UK found that those with diabetes experience steeper rates of cognitive decline compared to those with normal blood sugar control. The study suggests that efforts to delay diabetes onset and control blood sugar levels may prevent subsequent progression of brain function decline.
A study of nearly 3,000 drinkers found that only a small percentage successfully reduced their alcohol consumption over six months. Despite good intentions, motivation alone is insufficient for reducing intake, with structural support and tools like smartphone apps potentially being effective.
A study found that human footprint reduces mammalian movement by two to three times, with no geographic or size-based exceptions. This affects ecosystem functions like nutrient transport and food web interactions, highlighting the need for further research on critical thresholds in human land use.
A study using fruit fly models reveals that a genetic mutation in the DNAJC13 gene leads to the accumulation of α-synuclein protein, causing motor dysfunction and neurodegeneration. This finding provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of familial Parkinson's disease and may lead to the development of disease-modifying thera...
A new measure, STReR, is developed to assess how well dialysis facilities refer patients for transplantation. The study found that most variation in referrals was due to characteristics within the dialysis facilities rather than patient factors.
A new UCLA study found that a high-cholesterol diet can accelerate the formation of tumors in the colon by speeding up intestinal stem cell division. The research identified a molecular pathway that could serve as a new target for colon cancer treatment.
Scientists from ITMO University developed a silicon-gold nanoparticle that acts as an effective source of white light when agitated by a pulse laser in IR band. This technology makes modern near-field microscopy cheaper and simpler, with potential applications in medicine.
Biologists from Konstanz, Ulm, and Karlsruhe decipher the biochemical mechanism of p53 and PARP-1 interaction, significant for tumour biology. The study reveals that the protein p53 is modified through interaction with the enzyme PARP-1, which has far-reaching implications for its regulation.
A simple test has shown significant improvement in the recognition of possible posterior strokes by medical professionals. The finger-to-nose test, which assesses coordination and balance, doubled recognition rates for this type of stroke.
The discovery of the Misliya fossil suggests that Homo sapiens left Africa at least 50,000 years earlier than previously thought. The fossil, found in Israel, is between 175,000-200,000 years old and provides evidence of modern humans meeting and interacting with other archaic human groups.
A UCSB ecologist reconstructed the story of the missing foothill yellow-legged frog, finding a link to chytridiomycosis. The amphibian declined rapidly between 1960s and 1970s due to disease spread by the fungal pathogen.
Taxonomists have described two new snout moth genera and three new species in southern China, revealing distinctive features such as the presence of androconium scales on forewings. The newly discovered species are likely to be found in adjacent countries, including India.
Researchers found that combining medication to lower blood pressure with medication to lower cholesterol reduced first-time strokes by 44 percent. The study involved over 12,700 participants from 21 countries and showed that this combination is effective in reducing stroke risk for those at moderate risk for heart disease.
Researchers found that Asian Americans are more likely to experience severe ischemic strokes and have poorer functional recovery compared to whites. The study highlights the need for more focused research and different treatment strategies for Asian Americans.
A new study reveals alarming levels of phosphorus pollution in global freshwater basins, exceeding the Earth's ability to assimilate excess nutrients. Agricultural activity and domestic sewage are major contributors to this issue.
A two-year FINGER trial found that enhanced lifestyle counselling prevented cognitive decline despite the presence of the APOE4 gene. The intervention model is now being adapted and tested globally for global dementia prevention strategies.
The COMPASS trial found that the ADAPT technique is at least as good as stent retrievers for treating large-vessel occlusions, with 52% of patients achieving functional independence. Aspiration also showed a non-significant trend in favor of reperfusion success.
A global study using GPS data from over 800 animals found that terrestrial mammalian movements in areas with a high human footprint are significantly reduced. This fragmentation of habitats due to human infrastructure can have severe consequences for ecosystems, including changes in seed dispersal, food chains, and population sizes.
A global study finds human alterations to natural habitats reduce mammal travel distances by at least half, with some species relying on humans for resources. This disruption can impact ecosystems and food webs.
Researchers found that a repurposed drug used to treat Hepatitis C effectively protected and rescued neural cells infected by the Zika virus in both cell cultures and mouse models. The study suggests that the drug could be effective against Zika-infected adults, including pregnant women.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have found that macrophages express insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) 1 and 2, which support breast cancer metastasis. The study suggests a significant reduction in tumour cell growth and lung metastasis when IGFs are blocked with paclitaxel.
A study published in PLOS Genetics identifies a genetic link between thinner corneas and an increased risk of glaucoma in humans. The researchers found that the protein POU6F2 plays a crucial role in regulating corneal thickness and may be a potential risk factor for glaucoma.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg have elucidated the mechanism of protein insertion into the mitochondrial outer membrane. The discovery sheds light on the formation and function of mitochondria, which play a crucial role in cellular energy production.
The discovery of a shape-memory mechanism in synthetic organic materials could lead to advancements in low-power electronics and medical devices. The researchers found that the transformation process is driven by concerted movement of molecules, enabling reversible and ultrafast shape changes.
Researchers have re-evaluated an overlooked antibiotic, increasing its effectiveness against extensively drug-resistant bacteria. Octapeptin showed superior antimicrobial activity to colistin against resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports suggests that the eye is not as immune as previously thought, with some components being accessible to immune cells. This discovery has implications for wound healing and changes in vision such as cataracts, and may change the way we think about eye disorders.
Scientists have made significant progress in developing an ultra-stable telescope capable of detecting Earth-like planets and analyzing their atmospheres for signs of life. The team has successfully measured subatomic- or picometer-sized distortions across a five-foot segmented mirror, paving the way for future missions.
A new method developed by NIH researchers uses a novel approach to categorize and visualize career outcomes of postdoctoral fellows, revealing distinct differences between US and international postdocs. The study found that nearly half of NIEHS postdocs went into the academic sector, contrary to common assumptions.
Researchers have discovered that acesulfame potassium, an artificial sweetener widely used in foods and drinks, could lead to the development of a more selective therapy for aggressive cancers. The compound is more selective towards carbonic anhydrase IX than previously studied saccharin, potentially offering fewer side effects.
Researchers developed an ultra-thin, flexible sensor that can track glucose levels in tears and sweat for improved diabetes monitoring. The biosensor detects a range of glucose concentrations and is flexible enough to be incorporated into contact lenses or watches.
A new study found that financial barriers may limit willingness to call 9-1-1 when experiencing stroke symptoms in minority neighborhoods. The study analyzed survey responses from Chicago residents and found that ambulance charges may prevent people from seeking timely medical attention.