A new study reveals significant healthcare disparities among patients aged 80 and older with advanced lung cancer. African Americans and those from lower-income areas are more likely to not receive standard care therapy, leading to poorer outcomes. In contrast, patients receiving standard treatment live longer.
Freshwater salinization syndrome caused by various salts is linked to increased alkalinization, posing risks to drinking water supplies and ecosystems. The study highlights the need for better regulation of these substances.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have identified two urinary chemicals, trigonelline and homarine, that trigger a warning response in mud crabs when exposed to blue crab urine. This finding has implications for understanding ecological balances in marine ecosystems and informing better management of fisheries.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that camelina oil reduces overall and LDL cholesterol levels in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism. Camelina oil, rich in alpha-linolenic acid, showed a positive effect on blood cholesterol levels but had no similar effects for fatty or lean fish.
A study of 106 counseling professionals found 71% work with clients exhibiting race-based trauma symptoms but only 33% received training on identifying it. Effective treatment models are needed to address racism and racial discrimination.
The Renown Institute for Health Innovation is partnering with Helix to offer DNA sequencing to an additional 40,000 Nevadans through the Healthy Nevada Project. This phase will utilize Helix's proprietary Next Generation Sequencing technology to provide unparalleled access to genetic data.
Childhood mortality in the US has been higher than other peer nations since the 1980s, with leading causes including prematurity and injuries. The study calls for continued funding of programs that save children's lives.
The ACA Medicaid expansion was positively associated with improved hospital performance and a reduced likelihood of hospital closure, particularly in rural markets. This is due to increased access to healthcare for previously uninsured adults, resulting in better health outcomes and less need for emergency care from hospitals.
Honey bee researchers found that foragers prefer sugar syrup laced with the fungicide chlorothalonil over a control at low concentrations, but avoid it at higher doses. The unexpected finding highlights the complex relationship between honey bees and environmental toxins.
The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine has published guidelines for safe informal milk sharing, emphasizing medical screening and safe handling practices. Informal breast milk sharing is recommended only for healthy term infants, with mothers taking steps to reduce infection risk through home pasteurization.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered that primary cilia on brain cells play a crucial role in signaling appetite control. Mutations in the MC4R gene, found in nearly all cases of severe obesity, are linked to impaired communication between neurons via primary cilia.
A field experiment found that a belief in group malleability reduces negative attitudes and increases willingness to make concessions with Palestinians. The intervention achieved sustained long-term reductions compared to the control group.
A new radiotracer, 18F-FDS, has been developed to identify and track bacterial infections in the lungs. The tracer was tested on mice with live bacteria or dead bacteria to induce inflammation, and it successfully differentiated between lung infection and inflammation.
A cellular traffic jam affects neurons in most ALS forms, with TDP-43 causing transport defects and disrupting protein import. A drug, KPT-335, may compensate for these disruptions, showing promise for treatment.
A study published in The Lancet Planetary Health found that air quality alert programs, like Toronto's, had limited effects on protecting public health. However, the authors suggest that collective and enforceable actions, such as improved urban planning and emission control, may be more effective in reducing health risks from air poll...
A new study finds that 37% of US drainage areas experienced significant increases in salinity and alkalization, with consequences for pipe stability and drinking water quality. Strategies like pre-wetting salt and monitoring aging pipes are recommended to mitigate effects on public health.
A recent study by Ben-Gurion University researchers found that conception during intrauterine device (IUD) use is associated with higher risks of preterm delivery, low birth weight babies, bacterial infections, and fetal loss. The study tracked 221,800 deliveries over a 23-year period.
Scientists discovered that specific metabolites in blue crab urine suppress mud crab foraging by 60% and 67%, respectively. This finding has significant implications for understanding chemically mediated interactions in marine ecosystems.
A new review of studies suggests that tight sugar control during labour and delivery may reduce newborn hypoglycaemia. The evidence is currently limited, emphasizing the need for high-quality investigations.
A recent Oregon Research Institute study found that recreational marijuana legalization had no significant effect on the number of youth who used marijuana, but increased the frequency of use among those already using it. The study suggests that community sales policies may not reduce teenage marijuana use and highlights the need for p...
The UW Reality Lab aims to develop technology for the next generation of applications, including tools for easily creating content and infrastructure solutions for streaming 3D video. The lab will educate tomorrow's AR and VR researchers and workers with new courses and access to state-of-the-art labs.
Researchers developed a novel strategy to produce aromatic polyesters from Escherichia coli strains using microbial fermentation and synthetic biology. The engineered E. coli strain can produce various high-valued aromatic polyesters from renewable biomass, offering a sustainable alternative for the bio-plastic industry.
A century-long study reveals freshwater salinization affects 37% of US drainage areas, with 90% increase in stream pH, primarily due to human salt inputs and accelerated weathering
Researchers developed a long-acting compound that targets HIV's replication, suppressing the virus and protecting immune cells. The compound works synergistically with current treatments, enhancing their potency and potentially improving treatment for 37 million people worldwide affected by HIV.
A new study published in Nature Geoscience found that strong El Nino events cause rapid melting of Antarctic ice shelves due to increased basal melt and reduced snowfall. In contrast, La Nina events lead to an increase in surface mass gain and reduce ice loss.
A recent study found modest declines in severe obesity prevalence among young children enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), suggesting progress in addressing this public health concern. The study analyzed data from 22.6 million children aged 2-4 and reported an increase in obesit...
Researchers found that SOBER1, a plant protein, removes acetyl groups added by bacterial proteins, preventing the plant's immune response. This discovery could lead to strategies to boost plants' natural immunity or contain infections threatening agricultural crops.
A team of scientists discovered that beneficial viruses can integrate into bacteria carrying restriction-modification systems, which protect them from lethal infections. The study showed that these systems offer a temporary respite, allowing bacterial populations to grow and increasing the chances of acquiring beneficial viruses.
Researchers found that TRPM4 performs a similar role to TRPM5 in the taste system, enabling the detection of sweet, bitter and umami foods. This discovery challenges existing dogma and has implications for understanding human health and regulating appetite.
A report on high-quality carbohydrates and physical performance suggests that balanced diets rich in natural, carbohydrate-rich foods like potatoes may be optimal for improving athletic performance. The report aligns with decades of studies showing the primary importance of carbohydrates in sustaining and improving athletic performance.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a method to selectively disable the MYB protein, which enables cancer cells to proliferate. In tests in mice, this approach resulted in an 80% reduction in size of aggressive leukemia without harming normal cells.
Scientists at the University of Dundee developed a process that enables E. coli bacterium to act as an efficient carbon capture device, converting CO2 into formic acid with high efficiency and speed. This breakthrough could lead to a new way to store or recycle carbon dioxide, a key solution to global warming.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that adolescents with severe obesity who underwent bariatric surgery showed significant improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors. The study, known as Teen-LABS, demonstrated a reduction in the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease later in life.
A new study found that exercising four to five times a week can improve maximum oxygen intake during exercise by 18% and elasticity of the left ventricular muscle of the heart by over 25%. The research suggests that beginning exercise in late middle age can help reverse damage to sedentary hearts.
A study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution found that all organisms are nearly equally fit for survival due to a universal tradeoff in energy allocation. This means that each species contributes the same amount of energy per gram of parent to the next generation, regardless of size or life history.
Tropical Cyclone Irving was hurricane-force in the Southern Indian Ocean, with heavy rainfall rates of over 93 mm/h reported by GPM's DPR Ku Band. The storm's 3-D precipitation structure was examined, revealing powerful storms at altitudes of up to 17 km.
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered how bacteria evolved molecular motors to optimize their swimming. By building a 'family tree' of bacterial motors using 3D imaging and DNA analysis, the team found that sophisticated species had more stators than primitive species, with some having as many as 17 stators.
Researchers find uplift of sea floor in region caused by ice melting to be primary cause of methane hydrate dissolution. The process, ongoing for thousands of years, is not linked to climate change.
Researchers developed an epidemiological model to study the effect of climate warming on host-parasite dynamics in Eurypanopeus depressus and its parasitic barnacle Loxothylacus panopaei. Infection prevalence declined at a 1°C temperature increase, with localized extinction occurring at 2°C warming in the southeastern United States.
The US has poorer child health outcomes compared to other industrialized nations. Childhood mortality rates declined in all OECD countries between 1961-2010, but US infants had a 76% increased risk of death.
A study by University of South Florida researchers found a significant link between opioid prescriptions and child removal from homes due to parental neglect. The analysis revealed a 129% increase in such removals since 2012, with an estimated annual state fiscal cost of $40 million.
Manning's research focuses on the role of retinoblastoma protein in regulating chromosome segregation. Her work aims to understand how defects in this process contribute to genetic variability and chemotherapy resistance in tumors. The study may lead to new targets for anti-cancer medications.
Researchers create virus-like nanoparticles that can detect and process environmental inputs, producing controllable outputs. The modified viruses can display multiple peptides on their surface, enabling efficient delivery of protein- or peptide-based therapeutics to specific cells or tissues.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to eliminate turbulence in fluid flows, which can save up to 95% of the energy required to pump fluids through pipes. The approach involves creating a 'flat' velocity profile that prevents turbulent eddies from forming.
A Twitter campaign against Donald Trump's comments on sexual assault found a large number of tweets calling for boys and men to shut down degrading conversations. The study urges men to resist engaging in or shutting down conversations that are degrading to women, finding it makes an impact on preventing sexual assault and harassment.
The STARS (Students and Trainees Advocating for Resource Stewardship) program at Boston University School of Medicine aims to help medical students develop skills to identify the appropriate amount of patient care. Through the program, students will review ABIM Foundation's Choosing Wisely value-based care campaign and use tools like t...
Rhabdomyosarcoma, the most prevalent soft tissue cancer in children, arises from immature progenitor cells that would normally develop into blood vessel cells, not muscle cells. The discovery opens a path for better treatments and may lead to new therapeutic drug targets.
A study published in eNeuro found that amphetamine exposure during adolescence impairs the development of the mouse prefrontal cortex. This region is critical for decision-making and other complex functions. The researchers observed reduced synapses and axon growth, suggesting a lasting impact on brain structure.
A new DNA-based system is successfully linking seized rhino horns to specific crime scenes where rhinoceros carcasses were left behind. The Rhino DNA Index System (RhODIS) has been used in over 5,800 forensic cases and has led to convictions in more than 120 cases.
Tropical Cyclone Ava is located in the Southern Indian Ocean, southeast of Europa Island. The storm is expected to maintain strength for the next day before weakening due to increasing vertical wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.
Many Midwestern retailers are selling oriental bittersweet, an invasive species, as native American bittersweet. Researchers found that 54% of plants labeled 'American bittersweet' were actually oriental bittersweet, which can outcompete and harm the native plant.
A team of researchers from KAUST found that the Red Sea has a relatively low amount of plastic debris in its surface waters. The majority of collected rubbish was rigid fragments of broken objects, with only small amounts of plastic film and fishing lines.
A team of six MSU professors aim to increase women's representation in agricultural science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields. They will provide an online course targeting freshman and sophomore students, highlighting the diversity of roles and contributions by women currently working in agricultural careers.
Researchers at UCL and Tufts University developed a platinum-copper alloy catalyst that breaks carbon-hydrogen bonds in methane with reduced energy consumption. The new catalyst is resistant to coking, rendering it more effective than traditional materials.
Researchers at Lancaster University warn that a new counting method for domestic violent crime may mask the true extent of the problem. The method limits coercive and controlling behavior to one crime per victim, despite statistics showing one in 20 victims experience more than 10 domestic violence crimes a year.
A team of researchers has developed a DNA database to match confiscated rhinoceros horns to crime scenes and aid in prosecution. The RhODIS system uses genetic analysis to identify individual rhinos and prevent further poaching.
Researchers at Instituto de Medicina Molecular found a specific non-coding RNA molecule, Zeb2-NAT, which can be reduced to regenerate old cells. By manipulating this molecule, it's possible to induce cellular regeneration and potentially treat diseases associated with cellular aging.
A new study found that middle-aged adults who participated in two years of regular aerobic exercise training can significantly improve their heart health and reduce the risk of heart failure. The study showed that exercising four to five times a week is effective in reversing decades of sedentary lifestyle on the heart.
A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that daily food tracking on a smartphone app was influenced by day of the week, but not season of year. Participants reported fewer foods tracked on weekends and as time in the study progressed.
A new study published in Health Affairs finds that veterans receiving VA care have lower rates of excessive end-of-life interventions compared to those on Medicare. The research suggests that the financial incentives of Medicare's fee-for-service model drive higher-intensity care for patients nearing death.
A new study by Georgetown University Medical Center researchers found that a widely used gene expression profile test to predict breast cancer recurrence is less cost-effective in real-world practice. The test, Oncotype DX, was initially considered cost-effective but its accuracy and implementation in community settings make it less so.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that frequent business travelers experience more symptoms of anxiety and depression. The study also showed a link between extensive business travel and unhealthy behaviors like smoking, sedentary behavior, and substance abuse.
Researchers have discovered a link between ADCY3 gene mutations and severe obesity, which can lead to appetite control abnormalities, diabetes, and anosmia. This finding offers new hope for the development of targeted treatments for obesity.
The researcher will create computer models to evaluate national and regional forest management policies and their impact on ecology, economy, and society. The goal is to provide information for improved forest stewardship in a changing world.
A structured exercise program reduces major mobility disability in both frail and nonfrail patients, benefiting all older adults. Researchers found that physical activity can improve the ability to rise from a chair and reduce the risk of frailty.
A pan-European sampling campaign has shed light on the vast diversity of freshwater plankton in lakes across Europe. The research team found that plankton communities are highly specific to distinct lakes and reveal signals of the past due to geological changes over the past 12,000 years.
Researchers found that noise pollution from gas compressors causes chronic stress in birds, leading to lower stress hormone levels and increased anxiety. This stress can have long-term effects on bird fitness and survival rates, particularly among young birds.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered monthly cycles of brain activity linked to seizures in patients with epilepsy. By analyzing data from implanted brain stimulation devices, the team identified patterns of electrical discharges known as 'brain irritability' that are associated with higher seizure risk.
A study from Coventry University and the Royal Horticultural Society found that bad digging techniques can double the load on joints, increasing risk of osteoarthritis. Good gardening practice involves regular, repetitive motion to minimize back bends and large knee bends.
Repeated influenza vaccination significantly reduced hospital admissions for severe flu in older adults, with consistent effectiveness across seasons and patient age.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found players with higher scores on vision and motor tasks completed on large touch-screen machines had better on-base percentages, more walks, and fewer strikeouts. High scores in perception-span task were associated with an increased ability to get on base.
A new blood stabilization method developed at Massachusetts General Hospital significantly prolongs the lifespan of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in whole blood samples. This approach allows for the preservation of high-quality RNA suitable for demanding molecular assays, opening up potential for personalized drug testing and expandin...
The Isiboro-Sécure National Park and Indigenous Territory (TIPNIS) in Bolivia has been subject to alarming levels of deforestation, with over 46,000 hectares lost since 2000. The planned road construction will likely exacerbate this issue, putting the region's biodiversity at risk.
A comprehensive review of available evidence suggests that replacing the DMPA contraceptive shot with alternative methods could help protect women from becoming infected with HIV. The study found that some other forms of contraception do not show the same deleterious effect on immune function as DMPA.
Researchers analyze brain slices from patients with Alzheimer's and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, finding distinct amyloid-beta prion strains associated with different disease types. Mutant amyloid-beta adopts self-propagating prion structure, imparting pathological conformation to normal amyloid-beta.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found that activity monitors have no impact on physical activity when used without a goal. However, tracking steps and moderate intensity activity with clear objectives can lead to significant increases in physical activity and improved heart health.
The ingestible capsule detects and measures gut gases, revealing a potentially new immune system and mechanisms in the human body that have never been seen before. The technology offers a game-changer for gastrointestinal disorders and could lead to fewer invasive procedures like colonoscopies.
Researchers found that ibuprofen modified hormonal profiles through selective transcriptional repression of testicular endocrine cells, leading to a state of compensated hypogonadism. The study used testis explants and human steroidogenic cell lines to investigate the effects of ibuprofen on testicular health.
Researchers have found that brain implants can function with the help of glial cells, which are often overlooked as a potential target for treatment. The study suggests that glial cells play a critical role in maintaining optimal brain activity and suggest targeting them may improve current treatments for neurological diseases.
The UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute's Treehouse Childhood Cancer Initiative has received a $500,000 grant to conduct a 24-month registry study evaluating the effectiveness of comparative RNA-seq analysis in pediatric cancer treatment. The project aims to assess the impact on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
Researchers at Penn State found that melanoma patients who received immunotherapy with beta blockers lived significantly longer than those without, with five years survival rates of 70% vs. 25%. The study suggests reducing physiological stress with beta blockers can improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Researchers at RHIC observed a significant directional preference in neutron production when protons collide with larger gold nuclei, contrasting with previous findings in proton-proton interactions. This unexpected result has implications for understanding particle production mechanisms in high-energy collisions.
A new study published in Pediatrics reveals a significant increase in non-powder gun-related eye injuries among US children over a 23-year period. The rate of such injuries rose nearly 170%, accounting for 11% of all eye injuries and almost half of hospitalizations during this time.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute develop theory that chemical reactions supporting life today could have occurred with ingredients likely present on early Earth. The citric acid cycle's precursor, glyoxylate, is identified as a key molecule in these reactions.
Researchers at the Missouri Botanical Garden used phylogenetic analysis to confirm the existence of Dracaena umbraculifera, a species thought to be extinct. The study found that the species is more closely related to Dracaena reflexa from Madagascar than to Mauritian Dracaena.
A new saliva-based diagnostic test could identify people at risk for throat cancers earlier, enabling early treatment and prevention. The test aims to detect HPV infections in a low-cost, non-invasive manner.
Scientists used AI technology to create a map of T-cell receptor diversity, discovering that patients with cancer who have a greater variety of receptors may be more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The research suggests that this variation in receptors could be key to improving treatment outcomes
A study published in PNAS found that constant noise from oil and gas operations can cause physiological stress in birds, leading to reduced egg hatching rates and stunted chick growth. The research also showed that species previously thought to be tolerant of noise were actually most affected.
Patients who receive prescription opioids have higher satisfaction rates than those without, but paradoxically experience more pain. Non-patient medical requests from family and friends require a nuanced response. Diabetes care emphasizes communication, coordination, and biopsychosocial approaches to engage patients.
Researchers discover J147, an Alzheimer's treatment that reverses aging by targeting ATP synthase, a protein found in mitochondria. The compound has shown promising results in treating Alzheimer's and potentially other age-associated diseases.
A new multi-gene test predicts a high risk for early-onset heart disease in 1 out of 53 individuals, surpassing the prevalence of a rare genetic defect. The study suggests that combining polygenic screening with current testing could identify five-fold more cases with a genetic explanation.