Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology successfully formulated and experimentally verified a unified theory for controlling coherent optical phonons in diamond. The theory explains the generation and detection of coherent optical photons based on a model involving two states of electrons and the quantum harmonic oscillator.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have identified a monoclonal antibody that inhibits capillary leakage in sepsis. The antibody targets β1-integrin, a key molecule in endothelial cells, and improves junctions between endothelial cells, decreasing vascular leakage and protecting against sepsis-induced heart failure.
Researchers found that maximal running shoes increase impact peak and loading rate in female runners, associated with higher injury risks like plantar fasciitis and tibial stress fractures. Maximal shoes feature increased cushioning, but this may lead runners to rely more on the shoe rather than their own internal structures.
Scientists have identified a new mechanism for the plant hormone auxin that enables rapid adaptation of root growth direction in response to gravity. This mechanism allows roots to quickly bend and grow deeper into the soil, where they can anchor themselves and find water and nutrients.
Lancaster County corn production may face significant declines due to projected climate change impacts. Rising temperatures and extreme heat stress threaten corn yields, forcing farmers to reconsider their growing strategies.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new battery design that could increase the power of lithium-ion batteries by confining dendrite growth in electrolytes, reducing instability and improving lifespan.
Researchers developed a computer game to examine relationships between countries and strategic environments. They found that having more allies can increase a country's responsibility, leading to decreased overall welfare. The study has potential implications for current events, including the China-US-North Korea conflict.
The UCR team's guidebook outlines three types of biosignatures that astrobiologists have proposed as markers for life on other planets. The review articles provide a comprehensive framework for scientists searching for signs of life, called biosignatures, in the data they collect from future telescope observations.
Scientists have developed a new mapping technique to identify areas where ocean fronts and eddies bring together masses of fish, fishermen, and predators, increasing the risk of entangling non-target species. This insight can help inform dynamic ocean management and reduce bycatch of protected species.
A study identified 17 new genera and 29 new species of microgastrine wasps, including those named after Crocodile Dundee and Toblerone, published in the Journal of Hymenoptera Research. The discovery highlights the megadiverse fauna of these parasitoid wasps, with many more awaiting discovery.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that US flight attendants have a higher prevalence of several cancers, including breast and cervical cancer, compared to the general public. The study suggests that minimizing radiation exposure and circadian rhythm disruption may help reduce the risk of cancer among cabi...
The study examines the relationship between empathy and prejudice, finding that empathy does not directly influence prejudice but can affect it through personality traits like openness to experience. An empathetic person is less likely to develop prejudices, suggesting fostering empathy is crucial in reducing prejudice.
Early music training enhances brain processing of pitch and improves speech perception in young learners, with benefits mirroring those seen in reading instruction. The study found no broad cognitive enhancements from piano training alone, suggesting a targeted impact on sound processing ability.
Researchers conducted an international survey to assess the importance of variables in climate models. They found consensus on certain variables like rainfall and evaporation but disagreement on others like surface winds. The study highlights the need for more systematic approaches to model assessment, which will aid in evaluating new ...
Developmental prosopagnosia often occurs due to a neurobiological problem in the brain affecting visual recognition broadly. The study found that DPs had reduced responses to faces but normal responses to objects, scenes, and bodies across all face-selective areas.
A new study from Durham University found that men's testosterone levels are largely determined by their environment during childhood. The research suggests that men who grew up in challenging conditions may have lower testosterone levels in later life.
Early premature birth at less than 34 weeks was associated with increased risk of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The association was most pronounced among girls, suggesting a potential link between prematurity and ADHD symptoms that may be influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
A large-scale genomic study found that nearly 80% of cholera transmission in Dhaka occurred between people sharing a household. Preventing this spread could significantly reduce outbreaks and save lives. Local interventions such as sanitation and hygiene improvements can help break the chain of transmission.
Researchers discovered that activating GPR139 reduces alcohol intake and restores pain sensitivity thresholds in alcohol-dependent mice. This finding suggests a potential new approach for treating alcohol use disorder.
A national study reveals significant gaps in hearing aid use among Americans over 55, with non-Hispanic whites, college-educated individuals, and those with higher incomes more likely to have a hearing aid. The cost of hearing aids is a major barrier, but having VA insurance coverage levels the playing field.
A NIH-funded study of 91 youth ages 10-19 found that neither initial treatment with long-acting insulin followed by metformin, nor metformin alone preserved the body's ability to make insulin. Metformin did show modest improvement in blood glucose levels.
The ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider discovered strong Higgs boson interactions with the heaviest elementary particle, the top quark. USTC researchers played a significant role in this discovery, contributing to detector operation, data analysis, and upgrades.
Microglia, specialized immune cells in the brain, have been found to gobble up the remnants of injured neurons, preventing damage from spreading to neighboring neurons. This discovery could lead to new strategies for boosting microglial clearance and limiting neurodegeneration after brain or spinal cord injury.
Researchers have identified the biological process of mineralization that occurs in young corals, shedding light on coral reef formation and the storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The discovery also holds implications for new biotechnological developments using coral extractions to regenerate human bones.
Researchers found that cancer cells produce excessive BCL-2 protein due to a ribosome defect, helping them survive chemotherapy. A drug suppressing this protein has shown promise in treating T-cell leukaemia with similar defects.
Scientists from Umeå University have discovered a new toxin, MakA, produced by Vibrio cholerae bacteria. The toxin affects both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, causing damage to the intestinal system, and is transported through the flagellum filamentous structure.
New research has uncovered methane-producing microbial communities in fracking wells, which could have implications for energy companies and human health. The study also suggests parallels between these microbes and those found in the human gut and soil.
Researchers identified a unique mutation in a patient with transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis, a progressive condition causing abnormal protein deposits. The study suggests that new drugs targeting different sites on the protein may be effective, offering potential breakthroughs for treatment.
A new study found that combining nanomaterials with nutrient runoff from fertilized cropland can intensify harmful algal blooms in wetlands. The nanoparticles accelerated the growth of algae, reducing dissolved oxygen levels and creating toxic conditions for aquatic organisms.
Researchers identified a key metabolic pathway allowing microbes to maintain osmotic balance, produce energy, and obtain carbon and nitrogen. Microbial metabolism significantly influences compound concentrations in shale-derived fluids.
New research on sea lamprey reveals the evolutionary roots of myelinating glia, cells responsible for insulating axons and enhancing neural communication. The study's findings suggest that myelin evolved to facilitate fast signal transmission in smaller axons of jawed vertebrates.
The new foam reacts to sound waves of high and low frequencies, cutting the level of noise transmission by 20-22 dB. The material is cheaper and easier to apply than aerogel, with improved acoustic characteristics obtained through additional impregnation with nanoparticles.
Researchers analyzed past warm periods to understand potential future climate changes. They found that ecosystems and climate zones will shift poleward or to higher altitudes, potentially releasing additional greenhouse gases and leading to sea-level rise.
A study investigating combination checkpoint immunotherapy in lethal advanced prostate cancer revealed that genetic subsets of patients with AR-V7+ prostate cancer may benefit from treatment. One-quarter of patients achieved an objective response, and at least two remain alive for over 18 months.
A significant portion of adult childhood cancer survivors are unconcerned about their future health and developing new cancers. Despite increased risk, many survivors underestimate their risks due to lack of understanding or awareness.
Researchers at Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik achieved a record-breaking fusion product with Wendelstein 7-X, lasting up to 26 seconds and reaching temperatures of 40 million degrees. The device's optimized magnetic field geometry also demonstrated improved thermal insulation and low bootstrap current.
Research by the University of Exeter warns that increased storm frequency and intensity could disrupt fish populations, destroy habitats, and affect the livelihood of fishermen. The study highlights the need for urgent research to predict where storms are likely to hit and support fishing communities' adaptation to climate change.
Immune cells called microglia are precision cleaning machines protecting the central nervous system from damage. By understanding their role, scientists can develop new treatments tailored to individual patients' needs.
Scientists have developed a biodegradable patch that sticks to the inside of the mouth, administering steroids directly to oral ulcers while creating a protective barrier. The novel plaster, called Rivelin, is effective in treating conditions such as oral lichen planus and recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Neuroscientists discover that dislike and dehumanization are not the same thing, processed by different brain regions. Researchers used fMRI to observe participants' brain activity while rating feelings towards groups, finding that dislike and dehumanization were distinct but often overlap.
A new study finds low intakes of vitamin D among UK South Asian adults due to inadequate dietary intake and low supplementation rates. The population group is at increased risk of chronic diseases like osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
A study published in JNeurosci found that activating the BLA-CeA circuit counteracted anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats, even without physical pain. This discovery sheds light on the complex relationship between pain and emotion, potentially leading to better treatments for chronic pain patients.
Researchers identified a protein film that forms over wounds, providing protection against bacterial infection for at least 12 hours. The biofilm has 'breathability' properties, allowing air to reach the wound while keeping bacteria out.
A new study has identified the genetic networks behind a critical catalyst called a sarpagan bridge enzyme in Indian Snakeroot, a plant used for millennia in South and South East-Asia as a tranquilizer. The discovery could lead to faster routes to treatments for abnormal heart rhythms, high blood pressure, and some mental disorders.
Researchers have found that positive social media commentary from infrequent users significantly influences the rising price of Bitcoin. The study, led by Feng Mai, shows that these silent majority users move prices up to ten times more than active users. This suggests that investors should recognize and discount biased comments.
Researchers at Harvard have developed an oral delivery method that can effectively deliver insulin to the bloodstream, overcoming the major obstacles of protein degradation and absorption. The innovative formulation uses an ionic liquid comprised of choline and geranic acid, which is released in a controlled manner once ingested.
Researchers create FluVision technology to visualize influenza infection in real-time, observing differences between highly-pathogenic H5N1 and milder H1N1 strains. The tool reveals increased damage caused by H5N1, including pulmonary leakage and immune cell activation.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine finds that hospital at home (HaH) care reduces length of stay, hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and transfers to skilled nursing facilities. HaH also improves patient experience and satisfaction rates compared to traditional inpatient care.
Researchers found that extra copies of genes on chromosome 21 increase Alzheimer's-like brain pathology in a mouse model of Down syndrome. The study could lead to future medicines to prevent early onset Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome.
A study by Arizona State University found that gender bias influences how people perceive an attorney's effectiveness when delivering a closing argument, particularly for women. The research suggests that showing traditionally male characteristics in court can lead to negative perceptions of female attorneys.
Researchers Corey Howard, Ralph Pudritz and William Harris use supercomputer simulations to re-create star cluster formation. The study shows that massive star clusters are the natural outcome of large gas collections, and can be used to reverse-engineer galaxy conditions.
Scientists developed an AI program to categorize volcanic ash particle shapes, helping provide information on eruptions and aid hazard mitigation. The program achieved a success rate of 92% in classifying basal shapes with probability ratios.
A novel intelligent theranostic agent was designed to target tumors, with the ability to self-assemble in the tumor microenvironment and activate for therapy guided by photoacoustic imaging. The clusters showed high selectivity to the tumor microenvironment and eliminated tumor growth without subsequent recurrence.
UCSF researchers identified a critical immune cell pathway that primes the immune system for effective response to checkpoint inhibitors. The presence of specific immune cells, such as dendritic cells and natural killer cells, in tumors predicts improved response to immunotherapy and overall survival. These findings enable clinicians t...
A Penn study found that protein fragments in semen enhance Ebola virus transmission and protect the virus from environmental stress. Researchers suggest targeting amyloids could prevent sexual transmission of the Ebola virus.
A series of setbacks can lead to an 'action crisis,' causing individuals to question the importance of their goal. New research reveals that repeated struggles and setbacks can cause people to devalue their goal, making it harder to stick to it. However, knowing ahead of time when an action crisis may occur allows individuals to prepar...
Tropical Storm Daniel formed on June 23 and strengthened into a tropical storm by June 25. NASA's analysis showed a small area of strong thunderstorms around the storm's center, indicating potential for heavy rainfall due to cold cloud tops.
Researchers identified a compound called phenylacetic acid (PAA) produced by gut bacteria linked to the early onset of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The study suggests PAA could be used as a biological marker in the clinic to identify patients at increased risk of disease.
Researchers found contaminated surface water and unwashed produce are primary sources of transmission, while improved sanitation can significantly reduce the disease. In Fiji, people with poor sanitation facilities or damaged sewerage systems are at higher risk of contracting typhoid fever.
Scientists have successfully transferred vibrational coherence between electronic states of a molecule, overcoming a major hurdle in the study of ultrafast chemical reactions. The research builds upon earlier studies and demonstrates the importance of solvents in driving energy flow in polyatomic molecules.
A new study published in Epidemiology found no association between exposure to air pollution and increased risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children aged 3-10 years. The study included data from nearly 30,000 children across seven European countries.
A new airborne remote-imaging method can identify olive tree infections caused by the devastating bacterium Xylella fastidiosa before visible symptoms appear. This detection enables rapid containment and culling of infected trees, crucial in controlling the spread of the disease across southern Europe's iconic orchards.
Researchers have developed a catalyst that converts CO2 into liquid alcohols like ethanol and propanol, offering a potential solution for renewable transportation fuels. The new catalyst design enhances CO2 reduction by incorporating sulfur atoms and copper vacancies, inspiring more efficient catalysts.
A study identified 143 species-level taxa associated with plant genotype, regardless of environmental factors. This finding suggests heritable microbes could be selected for beneficial traits in plant breeding.
A new smart probe developed by Tel Aviv University researchers can detect and visualize individual cancer cells in real-time, allowing surgeons to target specific tumor locations. The probe uses near-infrared technology to identify overproduced enzymes in cancer cells, guiding precise removal of malignant tissue.
Researchers have discovered a nearly 15.5-mile-long fault zone with two parallel master faults and hundreds of smaller cross faults at the southern tip of the San Andreas Fault. The 'Durmid Ladder' structure may be the site of the region's next major earthquake, posing an increased surface-rupture hazard.
Researchers discovered that oxygen-starved tumor cells struggle to produce aspartate, a crucial amino acid. By targeting this Achilles' heel, doctors may develop new treatments to block aspartate uptake or production.
Lund University researchers have developed a fluorescent variant of salinomycin to understand its mechanism against cancer stem cells. The molecule rapidly passes through the outer cell membrane and acts as an ion transporter in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to a reduction in cancer stem cells
Researchers have developed a novel approach to pretargeted radioimmunotherapy, which has shown complete responses in several solid tumor types using the beta-emitting lutetium-177 and alpha-emitting actinium-225. The new approach offers greater versatility of treatment for various solid tumors and clinical situations.
A study evaluates ocean characteristics that influence fisheries bycatch on the US west coast, threatening ecological and economic sustainability. The analysis revealed an increased bycatch risk for protected species, including cetaceans and sea turtles, in areas with dynamic physical structures.
Researchers have developed a new approach for studying Cryptosporidium using lung and intestinal organoids, which support the complete life cycle of the parasite. This tool enables the testing of drugs and identification of vaccine candidates, providing hope for developing effective treatments.
ORNL's invisible micro-taggant technology uses an infrared marker for identification, providing a unique coding system that can identify item source, type, production, and composition. The taggant can be implemented in various products, including textiles, with a low production cost per taggant.
Researchers found that early ocean organisms grew tall to disperse their offspring and colonize their surroundings. The study suggests that reproduction was the main reason life on Earth got big during the Ediacaran period.
Researchers at QUT have developed a real-time, object-independent grasp synthesis method for closed-loop grasping that achieves high accuracy rates of up to 88% in dynamic environments. The approach uses a Generative Grasping Convolutional Neural Network to predict the quality and pose of a two-fingered grasp at every pixel.
A study found domesticated rabbits have smaller amygdalas and larger medial prefrontal cortices, suggesting genetic changes may reduce fear processing. Reduced white matter anisotropy indicates compromised information processing, supporting the link between domestication and altered brain architecture.
The study reveals the atomic structure of tropoelastin, a protein responsible for living tissues' flexibility. Researchers decoded the molecular structure using a combination of molecular modeling and experimental observation.
A new study from MIT finds that piano lessons enhance word discrimination in kindergartners, particularly with consonants, without improving overall cognitive ability. The researchers suggest that music education is at least as beneficial for language skills and possibly more beneficial than additional reading instruction.
A series of studies found no correlation between people's belief in free will and their moral behavior, including generosity and honesty. The researchers suggest that the field needs to rethink the connection between free will and morality.
A team of researchers from Purdue University has found that twisting cracks in certain animal materials make them incredibly strong and resistant to failure. This phenomenon, observed in the mantis shrimp's club, is now being replicated in new composite materials.
Scientists have created an 'electrogeochemical' method that captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while producing hydrogen gas for use as fuel. The technology also counteracts ocean acidification by converting carbon dioxide into a dissolved mineral bicarbonate already abundant in the ocean.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that combining chemical compounds to activate specific nerve cell receptors may reduce the risk of opioid tolerance and side effects by minimizing the amount of opioids needed. The study used mice models, suggesting that this approach could lead to a lower-risk pain treatment option.
Researchers found no association between efavirenz and depression or suicidal ideation in Ugandan HIV patients. Efavirenz, a commonly used HIV cocktail worldwide, was previously linked to adverse psychiatric side effects in US and European populations.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed a more efficient enzyme that can break down plant-based biomass 30 times faster than current methods. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and more environmentally friendly biofuel production, as well as more efficient plastic recycling.
Researchers have discovered a new type of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) with distinct biological signatures, paving the way for developing personalized treatments. The discovery involves a novel transcription factor called POU2F3, which is expressed in a specific subset of SCLC tumors and may be targeted by specific drugs.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a solid catalyst for a major chemical reaction, reducing waste and increasing efficiency by 20 times compared to traditional soluble catalysts. The new palladium-carbon-nitrogen material is more stable and cost-effective, making it suitable for commercial-scale production.
The EXIOBASE 3 database provides new clarity on the links between international trade, consumption, and environmental impact. Researchers found some level of decoupling between economic growth and environmental impact, but efficiency was reduced for material use increasing at a faster rate than GDP.
A study using high-resolution MRI found that domesticated rabbits have reduced amygdala size and enlarged medial prefrontal cortex compared to wild rabbits. This led to a diminished flight response and slower reaction time, as the brain's white matter structure was also compromised.
A new study found that Transcendental Meditation significantly improves psychological distress and brain functioning in school administrators and staff, with enhanced performance and well-being. The study, published in Brain and Cognition, is the largest randomized control trial investigating the impact of TM on brain functioning.
A new long-lasting type of radionuclide therapy has been proven effective in treating advanced neuroendocrine tumors, with the treatment lasting up to 4 times longer than previous options. The therapy, Lutathera-177 (Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE), was well-tolerated and showed promising results in a Phase I trial.
A study of 5,366 US flight attendants found a higher lifetime prevalence of breast, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancers compared to the general population. The authors suggest that factors such as circadian rhythm disruption and exposure to cosmic ionizing radiation may contribute to these increased cancer rates.
Rice University's NESMD technology uses nanoparticles and sunlight to desalinate water in one step, reducing energy costs compared to traditional methods. The technology has shown promising results in laboratory-scale tests, with the potential for further optimization and scaling up for field testing.
Researchers at Ural Federal University have discovered that controlling intrinsic defects in nanoparticles can enhance their energy conversion capabilities. This breakthrough could lead to improved solar cell efficiency by up to 50%.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic found that a common prostate cancer drug, abiraterone, yields high levels of a testosterone-like byproduct in men with advanced disease who have a specific genetic variant. This byproduct may trick androgen receptors into turning on pro-cancer pathways.
Researchers found temperatures as low as -98 degrees Celsius in small valleys near the top of Antarctica's ice sheet, driven by persistent clear skies and extremely dry air. The study challenges current understanding of Earth's surface temperatures, suggesting a limit to how cold it can get.
The James Webb Space Telescope will create multispectral maps of the Great Red Spot, analyzing its thermal, chemical, and cloud structures. Scientists hope to observe unique chemical byproducts of the storm, which could reveal its composition.
A RAND Corporation study found that medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorders jumped by 62% among Medicaid recipients, but disparities emerged in poorer counties and areas with larger black and Hispanic populations. The expansion of this treatment led to new racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare.
A team of international researchers created a dynamic surface, FLIPS, that can sculpt and re-sculpt microscale to macroscale features, change friction and slipperiness based on magnetic fields. It has been shown to direct particle movement, remove biofilms, coat droplets, and act as an adhesive.
A major study found that medications used to treat diabetes in adults are not effective on youth. The disease is progressing rapidly in young people due to the growing obesity epidemic.
A team of microbiologists and plant scientists has identified a genetic weakness in the cholera pandemic that could lead to future treatments. The discovery reveals a new signaling network for cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) in the human cholera pathogen, which is responsible for the seventh pandemic's ability to thrive.
A study suggests that Jupiter's surface jet streams could provide evidence for a rocky core at its center. Researchers used computer simulations to analyze data from NASA's Juno spacecraft, which found evidence of local variations in the planet's magnetic and gravity fields.
Researchers emphasize the importance of authentication in medical research/treatment, highlighting issues related to respect for autonomy, privacy protection, and trust establishment. They propose two-factor authentication as a solution to address these concerns.
Benjamin Jones, a UTA physicist, has been awarded $750,000 to develop a sensor for detecting neutrinos, which could help explain the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. The award supports his research on neutrinoless double beta decay and its potential to illuminate the origin of neutrino particles' small mass.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study shows that combining radiosurgery with immunotherapy, especially PD-1 inhibitors, can significantly improve cancer control and overall survival in melanoma patients. The study found that patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapies had a median brain metastasis-free survival of not reached, whe...
Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to reduce repetitive behavior in mice with fragile X syndrome, a common cause of autism spectrum disorder. The technique successfully edited the receptor responsible for excessive signaling between neurons, leading to reduced repetitive behaviors such as digging and leaping.
A team of researchers at Ohio State University has developed a painless microneedle technology inspired by the mosquito's proboscis. The new design incorporates four key elements: a numbing agent, a serrated design, vibration during insertion, and a combination of soft and hard parts on the proboscis.
A trio of leading academics warn that the Brussels Declaration, a key public health declaration, was developed with extensive involvement of tobacco and alcohol industry actors. This raises concerns about the potential for industry influence on policy-making and the advancement of corporate interests.
Researchers found a significant decrease in C. difficile infections across Canada, with the most common virulent strain, NAP1, associated with severe illness and deaths. Improved infection control practices, such as frequent handwashing and better cleaning, may have contributed to this decline.
Researchers at Linköping University found a common mistake in the DIP-seq method that can cause misleading results. This error affects up to 90% of detected DNA regions, highlighting the importance of experimental validation in high-throughput technologies.
A new study found that Medicare patients are more likely to die outside of acute-care hospitals, where they died at home or in assisted-living facilities. Since 2009, there has been a reduction in patient deaths within three days of hospital discharge, and ICU use during the last month of life has stabilized.
Researchers identified autoantibodies against adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in aggressive male prison inmates, showing altered cortisol secretion and decreased time to attack in mice. These findings suggest potential molecular mechanisms underlying human aggression and stress response.
A new oral insulin formulation based on ionic liquids has been successfully developed, showing stability at room temperature and under refrigeration. The formulation significantly reduces blood glucose levels in rats, with up to 45% decrease observed after oral delivery.
A study published in JNeurosci reveals how nicotine interacts with cells regulating the output of a brain region involved in habit formation. Nicotine reduces dorsal striatal output, an effect that persists even after the drug has been cleared from the brain, potentially underlining nicotine addiction.
Researchers use computer simulations to test dark matter's presence in satellite galaxies, finding a relationship that could clarify its existence. The study uses radial acceleration relation data from the Gaia spacecraft to make predictions about the behavior of dwarf galaxies.
Researchers used LiDAR technology to map carbon storage in urban forests, finding areas like Hampstead Heath store up to 178 tonnes of carbon per hectare. This study highlights the value of urban trees for mitigating climate change and demonstrates their potential as a vital resource for cities.
Researchers discover a protein that shields the PI3K pathway from targeted drugs, leading to improved efficacy with combination therapy. A new study reveals that blocking this protein restores cancer-killing potential in previously ineffective therapies.
Researchers found that individuals are more than twice as likely to use surnames when referring to male versus female professionals. In multiple experiments involving nearly 500 participants each, scientists who were referred to by surname were perceived as more famous and deserving of career awards.
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute has received four Padres Pedal the Cause collaborative grants to fund research projects in cancer and immunology. The projects aim to develop new insights into developing drugs and treatments designed to attack and kill cancer cells.
A new photocatalyst composed of an organic semiconductor material and an iron complex selectively reduces CO2 to CO under visible light, converting the major factor of global warming into a valuable carbon resource. The efficiency of this process is comparable to that of precious metal or rare metal complexes.
Researchers found that children in the 2000s waited an average of two minutes longer to receive a larger treat than those tested in the 1960s and 1980s. The study attributes this change to increased access to digital technology, preschool education, and parenting practices.
Gambhir's work on multimodality molecular imaging has advanced nuclear medicine and healthcare. He has developed strategies to study gene and cell therapies, and his lab has more than 625 publications and over 40 patents pending.
International team of researchers warns that even with stringent climate policies, residual fossil fuel emissions could still cause CO2 emissions to endanger the climate targets agreed on by the international community. The study highlights the need for accelerated energy efficiency improvements and widespread electrification of energy...
Experiments show that citizens provide less aid to refugees when it incurs a cost, but increase aid with higher prosocial orientation and greater refugee needs. The results suggest that factors such as costs and integration efforts play a significant role in shaping public attitudes towards refugees.
Boson sampling with photons faces major obstacle due to unavoidable photon loss, but researchers from USTC have confirmed experimentally that lost photons still produce useful output. This discovery allows for exponentially faster sampling rates and brings demonstration of quantum supremacy closer to reality.
Researchers found that children with multiple allergies are nine times more likely to develop eosinophilic esophagitis. The study suggests a common underlying biological cause among these allergies and implies that early treatment of one allergy may prevent later disorders.
Researchers revealed the structural fold of S. agalactiae CAMP factor, composed of 5+3 helix bundles, with N-terminal bundle responsible for membrane permeabilization and C-terminal bundle for host receptor binding. The study clarifies the molecular mechanism of co-hemolytic activity.
Researchers found that brains selectively treat gaining knowledge about favorable outcomes as a reward, but not unfavorable ones. People tend to spend money on advance knowledge of good events and avoid information about bad ones.
Volunteers in the Galaxy Zoo project develop extensive expertise about galaxy images and instruments, surprising researchers with their knowledge. Through online discussions, participants learn about artefacts and how to identify them, creating a culture of shared learning.
A new molecular imaging method allows early assessment of gene therapy success, potentially improving treatment for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The PET reporter gene/probe system enables noninvasive monitoring of gene expression in all brain areas.
Researchers have scanned a four-million-year-old fossil cranium and found it shares similarities with that of modern humans. The study revealed the cranium's thick, spongy bone may indicate comparable blood flow to our brains, suggesting an important role in brain protection.
Experts argue that persistent musculoskeletal pain without an obvious cause cannot be 'cured' and should be managed as other long-term conditions. Clinicians must be honest about what can be achieved, and patients need to take control of their condition through lifestyle changes.