Facial transplantation is a safe and feasible option for patients with severe facial defects, providing good aesthetic and functional outcomes. Studies show that facial transplant recipients have lower perceived disfigurement scores compared to those undergoing conventional reconstruction.
A Northwestern University study found that carbon dioxide gas injections eliminate fat around the stomach, but modest changes were not sustained over six months. The technique is considered safe and non-invasive, offering an alternative to existing methods for fat reduction.
A new international study, led by Queen Mary University of London, will monitor the lung health of over 3,000 primary school children in polluted areas for four years. The CHILL study aims to determine if policies improving air quality can improve lung growth and reduce respiratory symptoms in children.
The startup's tool identifies behavioral patterns and establishes a driving profile with high accuracy, enabling fleet owners to provide personalized guidance to dangerous drivers. The system also detects anomalies associated with drug use, drowsiness, or cellphone use while driving, allowing for prompt intervention.
The ViEWS system assesses the risk of three forms of political violence and makes predictions for countries and actors. The forecasts are compared to actual events and models are revised to optimize predictions, with a focus on transparency and open-source data.
Hurricane Aletta strengthened after passing over NASA's Aqua satellite on June 7, with coldest cloud top temperatures reaching -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to intensify to Category 4 status before weakening begins this weekend.
A team from the University of Kansas investigated the Speech-to-Song Illusion, where a spoken phrase is repeated and begins to sound like it's being sung. The researchers found that word detectors initially activate, giving one the perception of speech, but fatigue as the phrase is repeated, shifting perception to a songlike state.
Scientists at UMass Amherst create a many-compartmented gel to trap large DNA molecules, exhibiting a 'topologically frustrated' inability to diffuse. The discovery has implications for gene therapy and tissue therapy, where precise control over macromolecules is crucial.
Studies found that humans use efficient cues to discriminate between reflective and transparent materials, estimating material states without needing all information. Researchers developed a model correlating closely with human perception, suggesting simple information processing in the brain.
A Kaiser Permanente study of nearly 2,500 patients found that reducing opioid doses for chronic pain did not result in lower patient satisfaction scores. Most encounters resulting in an opioid dose reduction maintained favorable overall satisfaction.
A new method of microscale 3D printing allows switching between materials of different modulus without cross contamination, enabling programmable morphing and morphing capability in various applications such as aircraft wing structures and microrobotics. The technology can create materials with tailored stiffness and toughness.
Research on racism reveals subtle, structural forms persist in a diverse US, with studies showing prejudice can be reduced through positive interactions between majority and minority groups. The collection highlights the importance of addressing systemic inequalities to combat racism.
Researchers at Rice University and Los Alamos National Laboratory developed a scale to measure exciton binding energy in perovskite quantum wells, enabling the design of efficient optoelectronic devices. This breakthrough could impact solar cells, LEDs, and other technologies.
The discovery of two new species of saber-toothed predators in Russia sheds light on the early evolution of mammals and a significant shift in predator roles after the mid-Permian extinction. The findings, published in PeerJ, reveal that a global turnover in predators occurred after this mass extinction event.
Summit will provide unprecedented computing power for research in energy, advanced materials and artificial intelligence, enabling scientific discoveries that were previously impractical or impossible. Summit will be capable of more than three billion mixed precision calculations per second, or 3.3 exaops.
Researchers found antioxidants from SkQ ions slow down plant cell death and senescence, but not photosynthesis or respiration. They also contain plastoquinone, which influences plant cells and chloroplasts.
Researchers taught bees to recognize 'greater than' and 'less than' inequalities, and they successfully applied this knowledge to understand the concept of zero. This groundbreaking study reveals that even with a limited number of neurons, insects can grasp abstract mathematical concepts.
Researchers at Wayne State University are investigating the link between glutamate and memory processes in aging populations. The study, led by Drs. Jeffrey Stanley and Naftali Raz, aims to identify subtle deviations in brain chemistry that may indicate impending cognitive decline.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that the rapid decline in insulin production associated with Type 1 diabetes follows a two-phase pattern: an initial exponential fall and a subsequent stable phase. This discovery suggests that people with Type 1 diabetes may retain some working beta-cells for seven years after diagnosis.
A new study by Portland State University reveals that climate change impacts tree growth rates vary among widely distributed tree species in different regions of Patagonia. The research found that warmer conditions and changes in storm tracks led to altered precipitation patterns, favoring tree growth in some areas over others.
Monash researchers have discovered a unique set of 'super' receptors on immune cells capable of killing HIV across genetically diverse populations. These killer CD4+ T cells can recognize HIV fragments in people with different HLA molecules, a feature that may help control the spread of the disease.
Scientists create three-dimensional maps of DNA in cells to understand genome organization and gene expression. The study reveals that genes cluster together around specific nuclear bodies, influencing gene activity.
A new study from the University of Iowa found that children with ASD are over twice as likely to suffer from a food allergy compared to those without ASD. The study analyzed data from nearly 200,000 children and suggests a possible link between immunological dysfunction and ASD development.
A new MIT system captures water evaporating from cooling towers, reducing water loss and providing clean drinking water for coastal cities. The system's efficiency is improved by using ion beams to charge water droplets, allowing them to be drawn toward a mesh of wires.
Researchers at UC Riverside successfully used electric dipoles to accelerate electron transfer in one direction while suppressing it in the other. This breakthrough could lead to improved solar cells and energy-conversion devices.
A team of researchers analyzed two 3,800-year-old genomes, identifying the oldest sequenced strain with virulence factors characteristic of bubonic plague. The study suggests a Bronze Age origin for the disease, dating it back around 4,000 years.
A study of almost 15,000 outpatients with acute respiratory infections during flu seasons found that 41% were prescribed antibiotics despite not being indicated for their conditions. Antibiotic overuse remains a widespread issue in the treatment of outpatient acute respiratory infections.
Researchers developed a new NIR-II fluorescent molecule for dual fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, offering high resolution and penetration depth for precise noninvasive brain-tumor diagnosis. The method demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, accurately assessing tumor location and depth in brain tissue.
Staphylococcus aureus uses specific amino acid biosynthesis pathways to obtain essential nutrients from host tissues during invasive infection. The discovery sheds light on how bacterial pathogens survive in bone and may lead to the development of new antimicrobial therapies.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Ali Abolmaali is leading academic review of public work policies in Fort Worth. The project will assess various infrastructure needs, including pavement reconstruction, storm drainage, and water pipe durability, to improve the city's sustainability and efficiency.
A Baylor University study found that birth mothers' satisfaction with their decision to place children for adoption is affected by time, age, education, income, and contact with the child. The research revealed that higher education, financial success, and older age led to decreased satisfaction, while current contact with the child an...
Researchers developed a new technique called intron seqFISH that allows for the imaging of over 10,000 genes within single cells. This technique provides precise and instantaneous snapshots of single cells, revealing that gene expression oscillates globally across many genes on a surprisingly short timescale.
Researchers found that dogs can effectively sniff out infected avocado trees well in advance, providing a potential solution to the devastating impact of laurel wilt disease on the industry. The study's results show that dogs can detect agricultural diseases like laurel wilt with high accuracy, even in harsh weather conditions.
The study found that whale sharks congregate at specific locations with unique characteristics, such as steep slopes and upwelling of plankton and krill. These areas provide ideal conditions for the filter-feeding sharks to search for food in deep water and warm shallows.
ARS researchers found 34 E. coli isolates with resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the Upper Oconee Watershed. The presence of pathogenic strains like ST131 poses a risk of antimicrobial resistance in surface waters, but scientists assure it's not a threat to public health due to proper disinfection methods.
Researchers used microbial signatures to identify non-resident burglars in mock crimes, achieving accuracy above 60% and demonstrating potential as forensic evidence. The study collected samples from residents' nostrils, hands, and home surfaces before and after simulated break-ins.
Researchers have developed a simpler and faster CRISPR method that allows for off-the-shelf genome engineering, reducing the barrier to entry for this powerful technology. The approach targets universal sequences found in gene knockout collections, enabling rapid single nucleotide editing and generating chromosomal mutant collections.
A University of California, Berkeley team has developed a next-generation water harvester that can extract drinkable water every day/night cycle at very low humidity and at low cost. The harvester uses solar energy to collect water from the air, making it ideal for people living in arid, water-starved areas of the world.
Scientists find elevated levels of radioactive caesium in Ukrainian milk, posing health risks to children and adults; protective measures can mitigate exposure for less than €10 per person per year.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab discovered chirality in domain walls of amorphous materials, which could enable faster, smaller data storage. The study used high-resolution microscopy techniques to confirm nanoscale magnetic features, opening possibilities for controlling magnetic domains with temperature and light.
A computational model suggests that older memories are affected in depression, with longer episodes causing more extensive memory deficits. The study's findings imply that major depressive disorder could have far-reaching consequences, including the loss of remote memories that do not recover even after the depression subsides.
Scientists at UC Davis have identified molecular markers that influence the onset of Pierce's disease in grapevines. These markers can help diagnose the disease early and increase plant health, providing a more sustainable alternative to insecticides.
A new study found that nearly three-quarters of adults on probation in Rhode Island experience food insecurity, with almost half having very low food security. The prevalence is substantially higher than the statewide average, highlighting a critical need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate health disparities.
Researchers have discovered that an increase in certain substances in oral fluid can indicate caries development. They found a way to prevent the disease by analyzing changes in saliva composition, enabling early detection and treatment.
Researchers from Purdue University and the Technological University of Delft have discovered enhanced spin-orbit interaction in silicon, allowing for easier manipulation of qubits using electric fields. This enables the creation of silicon quantum computer chips with millions of qubits, leading to high-speed information processing and ...
Researchers from Far Eastern Federal University have developed a new type of optical ceramic material that outperforms commercial glass and single crystals in physical and mechanical characteristics. The innovative material, YAG:Nd with high neodymium ion concentration, enables faster synthesis and improved control over its functionality.
Researchers discovered a behaviour-modifying chemical weapon produced by the fungus parasite Escovopsis, which alters leafcutter ant behavior and leads to colony collapse. The study sheds light on the complex arms race between ants and their parasitic partners.
The Hubble Space Telescope has discovered the most distant star ever observed, Icarus, located 9 billion lightyears away. The star's brightness was amplified by gravitational lensing, allowing its detection.
Researchers have found that active HIV in macrophages can cause learning and memory problems in mice, even with suppressed viral levels. The study suggests that macrophages may transport HIV to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment.
Scientists have discovered a 99-million-year-old featherwing beetle preserved in amber, named 'Jason'. The beetle has been found to have unique features not seen in modern featherwings, but also shares many similarities with its living relatives.
A survey of 211 inpatient providers found that most preferred receiving feedback via email and compared to other providers within their service. The study suggests that anticipating providers' preferences can optimize the impact of antibiotic stewardship programs, improving the use of antibiotics.
The ACRE China project recovers instrumental weather observations for the East Asian region, enhancing global weather and climate knowledge. The collaboration enables the creation of a spatially and temporally-complete data base of historical weather patterns and fluctuations.
A team of researchers has identified lipid defects in the brain as the cause of sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease. Restoring the balance of a key lipid, phosphatidylserine, improves sleep patterns in genetically modified fruit flies and suggests a potential new treatment direction.
A new study published in Anesthesiology suggests that dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative delirium by preventing the overactivity of GABA A receptors. The drug's effects on brain cells have implications for treating neurologic disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and depression.
Research published in The Journal of Physiology shows adult offspring born to older mothers are more susceptible to heart risks. Older motherhood is linked to increased risk of complications during pregnancy and potential health issues for children later in life.
A recent international agreement emphasizes the need for human-relevant research in drug discovery, citing a significant decline in successful new drug approvals. The agreement proposes standardized data sharing, consistent ontologies, and prioritization of human-based methods to revitalize the drug development process.
A mathematical model proposes a threshold strategy for governments to counterbalance the costs of reducing public debt. The optimal threshold is endogenously determined based on inflation levels.
A new study led by NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing uses machine learning to detect lymphedema, a distressing side effect of breast cancer treatment. The artificial neural network achieved the best performance for detecting lymphedema, correctly classifying patients with 93.75% accuracy.
A new blood test identified biomarkers in maternal blood that accurately predicted gestational age and preterm delivery, which may help doctors assess pregnancies more effectively. The study's findings offer hope for preventing premature birth, a crisis affecting millions of babies worldwide each year.
A new study suggests that altering US food consumption patterns could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Households spending more on beef, chicken, and other meats generate higher emissions, while lower-emission diets may disproportionately benefit wealthier households.