Researchers found that introduced birds on Oahu select specific non-native plants, dispersing them across the island, and even contribute to their stability. However, these novel communities are less diverse than native ecosystems, with only four bird species responsible for plant movement.
Researchers found that patients with vision loss experienced longer hospital stays and higher healthcare costs compared to those without vision loss. The study estimates excess health costs of over $500 million annually due to vision loss in hospitalized patients.
A recent study by Yeun Joon Kim found that negative feedback from bosses can stifle creativity, but criticism from colleagues or employees of lower rank can have the opposite effect. The key takeaway is for managers and coworkers to be more mindful when offering negative feedback.
Geobacter bacteria project metal-containing heme filaments called nanowires to dispose of excess electrons in oxygen-free environments. This discovery solves the mystery of how nanowires facilitate environmental cleanup and potential applications for building new materials and sensors.
A mass drug administration study in the Solomon Islands found a 90% reduction in scabies cases and a 75% decrease in impetigo cases after treating entire communities. The strategy is effective in reducing both diseases, especially in children aged five to nine years old.
Researchers have uncovered an ancient four-legged whale named Peregocetus pacificus, dated to 42.6 million years ago, with a mix of terrestrial and aquatic adaptations. The discovery supports the hypothesis that early cetaceans migrated from Africa to South America across the South Atlantic.
A novel technology developed by Professor Douglas Kell uses flow cytometry to detect and count individual bacteria in urine samples. This allows doctors to determine the most effective antibiotic for treating specific bacterial infections, potentially reducing the reliance on last-resort antibiotics.
A new study from Oregon State University found that using visualization with a third-person perspective can backfire on consumers pursuing health goals. When health goals are peripheral to a person's self-concept, adopting a third-person perspective can discourage goal-consistent intentions and behavior.
Researchers found that MDMA reopens a critical period in the brain, allowing mice to learn social reward behaviors at an earlier age. This effect lasted for up to two weeks and was linked to oxytocin signaling in the brain.
Researchers create model to predict faecal bacteria spread in summer, highlighting hydrological connectivity's crucial role. The model captures actual distribution of bacteria but needs adaptation for winter months due to temperature and soil conditions.
A new study from York University found that children with more years of sport experience recover better from concussions and have quicker motor skill recovery times than those with fewer years of experience. This suggests that playing sports for longer periods may provide a protective effect against future concussions.
Astronomers from the University of Warwick detected a heavy metal planet fragment orbiting a white dwarf, which is the remains of a dead star. The fragment, rich in iron and nickel, has survived a system-wide cataclysm that followed the death of its host star.
A new study reveals the first intact planetary body orbiting a white dwarf star, with a densely packed planetesimal no larger than 600 kilometers in diameter. The object's high density suggests it may be the remnant core of a planet stripped away by tidal forces.
New research reveals that females with lupus have an abnormal expression of genes linked to their second X chromosome due to incomplete X inactivation in immune system T cells. This abnormality may contribute to the genetic missteps seen in lupus, and changes in nuclear structure may also play a role.
A new study found that young children whose parents read them five books a day enter kindergarten having heard about 1.4 million more words than kids who were never read to. This 'million word gap' could be one key in explaining differences in vocabulary and reading development.
Researchers found that Aronia berries resistant to heat during production of cornmeal porridge, retaining antioxidant content. The study highlights the potential of super berries like Aronia for functional foods like porridge.
Researchers found that subterranean beetles breathe through their skin, absorbing oxygen from the surrounding water, which limits their size. This discovery sheds light on the unique adaptations of these tiny creatures living in underground aquifers.
Research on O'ahu reveals native plants rely heavily on invasive bird species for seed dispersal, forming dynamic networks similar to native communities. However, these birds also spread non-native plant seeds more frequently.
A new study published in the Journal of Pediatric Surgery found that post-operative success rates for pediatric thyroid patients correlate with institution patient volume. The study showed extremely low complication rates, underscoring the importance of high-volume centers with specialized pediatric surgeons.
Researchers have created a new gene expression atlas for ALS, providing unparalleled detail on disease progression. The atlas uncovers early changes in the disease and reveals disease-driven changes in signaling pathways across all cell types in the central nervous system.
A pilot study found that human milk was associated with decreased markers of inflammation and injury in the stool of children undergoing bone marrow transplant. The results also showed lower levels of intestinal viruses and bacteria in the stool samples of children receiving human milk compared to those receiving formula.
A new study by University of Notre Dame scientists reveals microglia can cross from the central nervous system (CNS) into the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in response to injury. This finding has broad implications for nervous system diseases and opens up new questions about the function and capabilities of these cells.
A new study by Georgia Institute of Technology researchers highlights the challenges of designing products that balance durability and recyclability. While some products, like automobiles, can achieve both goals, many others face trade-offs between increasing device life span and reducing electronic waste. The study's findings suggest ...
Muscle-tendon attachments must resist high mechanical forces for life, but surprisingly few Talin molecules experience detectable forces at developing attachments. To cope with increasing tissue forces, muscles recruit a large number of Talin molecules to share the peak forces produced during contractions.
A genome-wide association study found that genetic variations linked to beauty also impact body mass in women and blood cholesterol levels in men. The study highlights the complex relationships between beauty and other human traits.
A new AI approach analyzes time-lapse images of embryos to predict pregnancy potential, improving IVF success rates and minimizing multiple pregnancies. Researchers used a large dataset of human embryos to train an algorithm that can classify embryo quality with high accuracy.
A team of scientists from Australia has shown that providing woody habitat in the Murray River significantly increases native fish populations. The study found a three-fold increase in Murray cod and doubling of golden perch abundance in restored areas compared to constant habitats.
National IVC filter utilization declined by 36.3% in the Medicare population between 2009 and 2015, with varying rates across states. The privately insured population saw a 26.6% decline in IVC filter utilization over the same period.
Two moderate-sized earthquakes in Sichuan Province caused extensive damage and injury, likely triggered by nearby fracking operations. The earthquakes coincided with injection activities at fracking well pads, suggesting a link between the two.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School discovered an unexpected mechanism by which insulin triggers changes to thousands of genes. The insulin receptor is physically transported to the cell nucleus and helps initiate the expression of insulin-related genes, providing new avenues for diabetes research and potential therapeutic targets.
Research found that daily cannabis use was three times higher among those with past-month serious psychological distress compared to those without it. The study suggests potential consequences of increased cannabis use for vulnerable groups, emphasizing the need for tailored clinical efforts to reduce excessive use.
Scientists at ASRC have created a new class of molecules showing potent anti-Zika activity and low toxicity towards animal cells. These compounds may become the basis for a Zika-specific therapeutic, with potential applications in treating other viruses and bacterial infections.
A new study reveals that chromium on bronze weapons of the Terracotta Army is likely contamination from a nearby lacquer coating, not an ancient anti-rust technology. The excellent preservation of the bronze weapons may be attributed to the soil's moderate alkaline pH and low organic content.
A Northwestern University study found that poverty can become embedded in nearly 10% of the genome, associated with over 2,500 sites and 1,500 genes. This epigenetic mark may shape gene expression and contribute to disease development.
The UMD Institute for Genome Sciences has been awarded $17.5 million to continue its genome-based investigation of polymicrobial infectious disease outcomes. The grant will support research into host-pathogen-microbiome interactions, focusing on multiple bacteria, fungal pathogens, and parasitic tropical diseases.
Researchers identified a phenomenon where cancer cells export PD-L1 in exosomes, remotely disarming immune cells and preventing them from attacking tumors. This discovery may help explain immunotherapy resistance and hints at new strategies to unleash the immune system against disease.
Researchers genetically engineered yeast cells to control their response to environment, improving our understanding of cell signaling. This breakthrough has immediate biotechnology uses and could lead to new treatments for diseases by modifying diseased cells.
Researchers found that magnesium chloride deicers can cause significant degradation of concrete strength and micro-hardness, even without visible signs of damage. The study's findings have important implications for transportation officials and the use of magnesium chloride as a winter road treatment.
Jin Yun Helen Chen, MS, CGC, was awarded the 2019 ACMG Foundation Lovell Genetic Counselor Award for her work on Phenotype Genotype Variability among Sibships with Spinal Muscular Atrophy. The award recognizes the critical contribution of genetic counselors to clinical genetics and newborn screening.
Professor Thomas Rudel received a €2.5 million ERC Advanced Grant to study how Chlamydia evades the human immune system and cause chronic diseases like cervical cancer. The grant aims to develop new therapies to overcome this 'blindness' and improve treatment outcomes for Chlamydia infections.
The article highlights the growing public health crisis of opioid and infectious disease (ID) epidemics, citing increased rates of HIV, viral hepatitis, and skin infections linked to rising opioid use. Experts recommend strengthened responses by infectious diseases and substance use specialists, including investments in evidence-based ...
Researchers isolated cyphomycin from leafcutting ant microbiota, killing fungi resistant to existing drugs. The compound was tested against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida species, showing promise as a novel antibiotic
A study by the University of Toronto found that adults with migraines who experienced childhood physical or sexual abuse were more likely to attempt suicide. Approximately 8.7% of individuals with migraines had attempted suicide, compared to 2.3% without the disorder.
New research from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business reveals that social shows on TV actually increase online shopping for advertisers. Commercials airing in these programs generate more online sales on the advertiser's website, especially when paired with emotional ads.
Researchers discovered massive blobs of solar wind in archival data from NASA's Helios spacecraft, which could shed light on the solar wind's beginnings. The study used advanced modeling and analysis to connect the blob patterns to specific regions on the Sun.
A Virginia Tech professor and his team have developed a method to integrate electronic sensors into personalized 3D-printed prosthetics, gathering information on pressure and comfort. This technology aims to improve the functionality of wearable systems and create more affordable electric-powered prosthetics.
A new research unit at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin aims to improve the identification and diagnosis of rare genetic diseases by analyzing non-coding DNA sequences. The researchers will develop software for whole-genome data analysis, enhancing our understanding of gene regulation and transcription.
A newly identified species of 150 million-year-old marine crocodile has given insights into how a group of ancient animals evolved. The fossil, named Cricosaurus bambergensis, features distinguishing characteristics in its jaws and tail, aiding greater understanding of the metriorhynchid family.
Researchers review TFE's role as a structuring agent for unfolded peptides, inducing helical conformations, while also enhancing protein denaturation. The study details recent applications of TFE in conformational studies, including antimicrobial and aggregation-prone peptides.
Researchers used computational models to investigate how liquid drops behave on surfaces. They found that the presence of a substrate makes breakup more likely, leading to three possible scenarios: collapse into one droplet, break up into multiple droplets, or re-form back into a single droplet.
A NSF-sponsored project led by Colorado State University researcher Mike Wilkins aims to understand how microbes drive ecosystem functions in deep, dark crevices. The study focuses on methylamine metabolism, a critical process for microbial life in fractured shales and other environments.
A color test developed at University of Technology Sydney can accurately detect all cathinones, a new illicit synthetic drug entering the market every four days. The test is now commercialized and being marketed to police and customs agencies in Europe, offering a solution for detecting new psychoactive substances.
A new study led by Juana Díez has discovered a common regulator, Xrn1, that connects the three main stages of gene expression. This common coordinator prevents toxic aggregations in membrane proteins, ensuring the cell's robustness against genetic alterations.
A new study by Australian researchers has discovered that dietary fiber reduces lung inflammation and damage, improving lung function. The findings suggest that consuming high amounts of fiber may help prevent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a condition affecting 1 in 7 Australians over the age of 40.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute identify key molecules supporting lung cancer cell survival, demonstrating simultaneous inhibition of two signaling pathways. This approach could aid in designing drugs that selectively attack multiple proteins, beneficial for managing certain tumors.
A new state-of-the-art sleep unit has opened at the University of East Anglia, pioneering research will investigate the link between sleep and dementia. The unit aims to determine whether treating sleep disturbances early on could help slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
A new study published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews found that sugar has no beneficial effect on mood and can even worsen it. Researchers analyzed data from 31 studies involving over 1,300 adults and discovered that sugar consumption increases tiredness and lowers alertness within an hour after consumption.
Researchers found that standardizing addresses had the greatest impact on data matching, increasing accuracy by nearly half. This improvement can lead to better patient safety, improved care quality, and reduced costs.
Researchers found that young patients, those with certain medical conditions, and problematic eating habits were more likely to experience weight regain after bariatric surgery. Behavioral targets such as reducing sedentary behavior and promoting self-weighing can aid in limiting weight regain.
Researchers found that Chop expression is higher in T cells from ovarian cancer patients, and high nuclear levels of Chop are associated with poor clinical responses. Blocking Chop or ER stress may help improve T cell-based immunotherapy treatments.