Researchers at the University of Sydney have used biomechanical engineering techniques to understand the mechanical forces that influence blood clotting. Their findings take them one step closer to developing new anti-thrombotic drugs without serious side effects.
The Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) has contributed to the special edition on ultrafast dynamics with X-ray methods, focusing on photochemistry and material science. Femtoslicing and BESSY VSR methods have been classified, providing a comprehensive overview of current advances in generating ultra-short X-ray pulses.
Researchers have identified a key hormone receptor called RORγ that promotes tumor growth and is responsible for therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer. Blocking this receptor slows patient-derived tumor growth and improves survival in animal models, providing new avenues for research and potential therapies.
The Biodiversity Collections Network has developed a national agenda to stimulate new research endeavors by leveraging digital data in biodiversity collections. This initiative aims to engage students and the public in understanding life and environmental change.
The American Society of Human Genetics has issued a position statement outlining the responsibility to recontact research participants with new genetic findings. The statement recommends that researchers make reasonable attempts to recontact participants if the reinterpretation is expected to affect medical management, but not strongly...
The Department of Defense is providing $7 million to investigate the effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Researchers aim to tailor ABA approaches to individual needs and explore lower intensity alternatives.
A study by Kazumichi Matsumiya found two distinct neural substrates for body localization and ownership, indicating a need to revise existing models. The findings suggest that spatial localization and body ownership are processed differently in the brain.
Research found that screw-shaped bird sperm have high average swimming speed, but also higher rates of abnormal or damaged sperm. The study suggests a trade-off between swimming speed and robustness, with the more screw-shaped sperm being faster but more fragile.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a new compact laser source that can detect greenhouse gases and molecules in a person's breath. The system uses a fiber laser combined with a micrometer waveguide chip to generate light waves in the mid-infrared spectrum, retaining 30% of the original signal strength.
A telerehabilitation program has been shown to improve the physical function, pain, and quality of life of patients with late-stage cancers. The study found that these patients who received remotely delivered rehabilitation services had fewer hospital and nursing home stays.
Researchers at MGH found that mitochondrial permeability determines the impact of autophagy on lifespan, with low levels required for health benefits. Elevated autophagy can be detrimental due to excessive opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
Researchers found that noncoding DNA regions play a crucial role in the evolution of flightlessness in disparate bird species. The study's results contradict previous findings on protein-coding DNA changes and suggest rapid, convergent adaptations across taxa.
A new approach enables the smooth navigation of photons through complex optical fiber obstacle courses, preserving entanglement and correlation. This breakthrough boosts expectations for quantum key distribution (QKD) technology, which uses signals in particles of light to create encryption keys.
A recent study found that those who conceived months after marriage had more surviving descendants in future generations, giving them an evolutionary advantage. This shift created ideal conditions for economic growth during the Industrial Revolution, as families with moderate fecundity became the dominant population.
Research shows that delayed streaming, low-cost education, increased university enrollment, and second-chance opportunities reduce the happiness gap between social classes. Countries like Denmark with inclusive policies have smaller social differences in happiness.
Researchers found that introduced bird species on Oahu are selecting certain non-native plants to interact with, similar to native-dominated ecosystems globally. This suggests that these novel communities can be as stable as native ones, despite being composed of invasive species. However, the study highlights the importance of caution...
Researchers discovered that transcription factors ANAC044 and ANAC085 control plant cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage and abiotic stress. These proteins act as a bridge between SOG1 and Rep-MYB, preventing cell proliferation under hostile conditions.
Researchers have discovered embedded organic material in a Martian meteorite, suggesting that life could have existed on the Red Planet. The study proposes the presence of active bacteria on Mars and may indicate that there was once life beyond Earth.
Recent studies examining three mutations at the molecular level found separate mechanisms at work in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Researchers suggest that multiple mechanisms may be responsible for the disease, rather than a single explanation. This discovery holds promise for developing new treatments for this condition.
Researchers proposed new guidelines to standardize experiments with synthetic nucleic acids, addressing current issues like inadequate controls and misleading data interpretation. The guidelines focus on practical advice for performing experiments, measuring gene expression, and selecting appropriate controls.
A genetic study of over 160,000 adults in China found that moderate drinking has no protective effects against stroke and may even increase the risk. Blood pressure also rises with increased alcohol consumption.
Researchers at Arizona State University are developing advanced grid models and control technologies to increase the amount of renewable power operating in distribution systems. The goal is to improve grid resilience and performance while ensuring reliable power to critical infrastructures.
A pilot study conducted in Kenya identified a safe and effective strategy to help women with HIV have children, despite the infection being passed on to their babies. The study showed six live births without HIV transmission among 23 couples participating in timed vaginal insemination.
Researchers mapped brain connectivity in 30 people to understand how different regions coordinate during tasks. The study aims to create novel strategies for AI-powered teaming environments, where robots can dynamically assist soldiers in completing tasks.
Researchers at UCF have successfully controlled the speed of light by reorganizing its energy and mixing space and time properties. This achievement could lead to more efficient optical communication and alleviate data congestion.
A new study shows that deep-brain stimulation improves cognitive control by increasing low-frequency brain rhythms in the prefrontal cortex. This finding could lead to more effective treatment plans tailored to individual patients' needs.
Researchers use new technique to measure unique biological signatures in hydrocarbons, revealing presence of subsurface microbes. The findings have important implications for understanding global hydrocarbon cycling and detecting life on other planets.
Researchers have deciphered the molecular events that convert inactive NLR molecules into active complexes providing disease resistance. The study focuses on protein ZAR1, which interacts with multiple 'guardees' to recognize unrelated bacterial effectors and induces cell death through a unique structure.
A study published in Frontiers found that taking a 20- to 30-minute nature experience significantly lowers cortisol levels. The research suggests a daily dose of 'nature pills' could be a simple and effective way to reduce stress.
Veterinary professionals have sounded the alarm on the first reported UK case of dog-to-dog transmission of leishmaniosis, a potentially fatal infection. The infection was passed from one dog to another through direct contact, highlighting the need for extra vigilance against its spread.
Researchers found elevated levels of heavy metals and signs of illness in green sea turtle populations affected by human activity. The study suggests a link between environmental toxins and poor health, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect these endangered species.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that many UK foods marketed to children have misleading health and nutrition claims, contributing to childhood obesity. The study called for stricter regulations on food labelling and product content to reduce the risk.
A Duke University economist argues that federal subsidies for US commercial fisheries should be rejected due to their lack of scientific merit. The proposed rule change could lead to overfishing, weak economic performance, and increased by-catch and habitat impacts if finalized.
A clinical trial shows promise of an immune-based therapy, which completely eliminated both the lesion and underlying HPV infection in a third of women enrolled. The shot triggers an immune system response to attack high-risk HPV types causing cervical cancer precursors.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers identified genetic mutations that accumulate in the adult liver and can promote tissue regeneration. The findings suggest that certain mutations provide liver cells with fitness advantages, allowing them to grow and survive better after environmental insults.
Artificial microswimmers with forward and long-range vision form stable groups by perceiving the number of neighbors within their field of view. This process allows for efficient movement, evasion of predators, and adaptation to environmental stimuli without requiring precise location information.
A new study has discovered that the enzyme STK25 regulates Hippo signaling in a novel manner, leading to its deregulation in human cancers. This finding may enable the development of new anticancer therapeutic options.
Dr. Samuel Huang receives the Pfizer/ACMG Foundation Clinical Genetics Combined Residency Fellowship Award to enhance his clinical research training and expertise in biochemical genetics and therapeutics. He aims to improve patient care through translational genomics and policy changes.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have developed an all-in-one immunotherapy approach that not only kicks HIV out of hiding but also kills it. The key lies in immune cells designed to recognize the entirely different virus CMV.
Racial disparities in access to kidney transplants continue, with patients from underserved groups more likely to be listed as inactive and less likely to receive transplants than white patients. A new study analyzing data from 2014-2016 found significant inequities despite a system aimed at increasing access for vulnerable populations.
Researchers found policy implementation gap in smokeless tobacco control, highlighting need for increased global efforts to reduce use of products. The study calls for a comprehensive approach to address the health burden caused by smokeless tobacco use in Asia and Africa.
Researchers found grains of barley and wheat on the Aland Islands and in Sweden, dating back 4,300-5,300 years. The discovery suggests that small-scale farming was adopted by the Pitted Ware Culture from farmers of the Funnel Beaker Culture.
Researchers discovered a new candidate gene, unpaired 1, that contributes to lifespan regulation in Drosophila melanogaster. Overexpression of this gene increased lifespan in nervous tissue and fat body, but decreased lifespan in intestine.
Scientists found that amorphous systems converge to hyperuniformity, a hidden order on large scales, as they optimize individual cells' geometrical properties. This discovery has implications for the development of novel materials, including photonic metamaterials and block copolymers.
Research at the University of Liverpool found that people with obesity are stigmatized and explicitly considered to be less human than those without obesity. This blunt dehumanization was linked to support for health policies that discriminate against individuals due to their weight.
Researchers have successfully tested a new ultrasound technology on human patients, enabling detailed images of internal structure and blood flow. The vector flow imaging method provides advanced detail of blood flow patterns within cardiac chambers, across valves, and in the great arteries.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia found that higher levels of CCR4 gene are associated with better survival rates and longer lifespan in patients with colorectal cancer. The gene helps the immune system differentiate between good cells and bad cells.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a novel metal-free catalyst to convert aldehydes into ketones, a crucial step in synthesizing pharmaceuticals. The new process enables the rapid synthesis of ketones with bulky substituents, accelerating drug discovery.
Purdue University researchers have developed a new gene editing technology that can modify DNA anywhere in the genome, potentially treating diseases like cancer and improving crop production. The new protein, Argonaute from Natronobacterium gregoryi, enables precise edits with increased accessibility
Dr. Roger E. Stevenson, a senior clinical and research geneticist at the Greenwood Genetic Center, has received the 2019 ACMG Foundation David L. Rimoin Lifetime Achievement Award. The award recognizes his vision in founding the center, groundbreaking research on X-linked intellectual disability, and leadership in establishing programs...
Research suggests that discrimination during the day is linked to poor sleep quality at night. Minority youth, particularly Black and Latinx adolescents, experience disrupted sleep patterns and increased daytime symptoms.
A study by MU researcher Michael Kearney found that moderate users are avoiding politics on Twitter, potentially creating a void in the middle. This amplifies the existing trend of partisan users forming highly partisan networks.
A study by Princeton University researchers found that racial bias contributes to disciplinary disparities in US schools, with black students experiencing higher rates of suspension and expulsion. The study analyzed data from over 3,100 counties and found a correlation between county-level measures of racial bias and disciplinary action.
A collaborative research project has identified a previously uncharacterised genetic mutation in clinical isolates leading to resistance. The finding challenges current paradigms and paves the way for designing changes in therapy to overcome antifungal-resistant diseases.
Researchers at University of California, Irvine, have produced the first images of a molecule's normal modes of vibration using light focused down to an atom's size. This breakthrough enables direct visualization of individual atoms vibrating within a molecule.
A team of scientists has unraveled the three-dimensional structure and molecular mechanism of ATP citrate lyase, a key enzyme in fatty acid and cholesterol production. The findings offer new insights into the origins of cellular respiration and have potential therapeutic implications for metabolic diseases and cancer.
Researchers at Newcastle University develop a potential revolutionary way to treat eye injuries and prevent blindness by using an enzyme to soften the tissue hosting stem cells. This approach has important implications for developing new ways to heal corneal damage, which affects almost 500,000 people worldwide.
The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine has launched a new effort to encourage people to become organ and tissue donors, helping scientists save human lives and reduce animal experiments. Human tissue is used in various scientific advancements, including disease progression, drug development, and medical procedures.
The Prometheus Center for Excellence in Translational Research aims to develop antibody-based therapies against four highly lethal viruses with no approved vaccines or treatments. The project will leverage existing research on ebolavirus and apply it to other emerging viruses, focusing on virus transmission from animals to humans.
Researchers observed mountain gorillas gathering around the bodies of deceased group members, spending time in contact with their corpses, and even grooming them. These behaviors were surprisingly similar across different gorilla groups and suggest a complex understanding of death among these animals.